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96 results for “fish behaviour”
Sex-specific effects of psychoactive pollution on behavioural individuality and plasticity in fish
<p>The global rise of pharmaceutical contaminants in the aquatic environment poses a serious threat to ecological and evolutionary processes. Studies have traditionally focused on the collateral (average) effects of psychoactive pollutants on ecologically-relevant behaviours of wildlife, often neglecting effects among and within individuals, and whether they differ between males and females. We tested whether psychoactive pollutants have sex-specific effects on behavioural individuality and plasticity in guppies (<em>Poecilia</em> <em>reticulata</em>), a freshwater species that inhabits contaminated waterways in the wild. Fish were exposed to fluoxetine (Prozac) for two years across multiple generations before their activity and stress-related behaviour were repeatedly assayed. Using a Bayesian statistical approach that partitions the effects among and within individuals, we found that males—but not females—in fluoxetine-exposed populations differed less from each other in their behaviour (lower behavioural individuality) than unexposed males. In sharp contrast, effects on behavioural plasticity were observed in females—but not in males—whereby exposure to even low levels of fluoxetine resulted in a substantial decrease (activity) and increase (freezing behaviour) in the behavioural plasticity of females. Our evidence reveals that psychoactive pollution has sex-specific effects on the individual behaviour of fish, suggesting that males and females might not be equally vulnerable to global pollutants.</p>
Data from: How do seabirds modify their search behaviour when encountering fishing boats?
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Context-dependent multimodal behaviour in a coral reef fish: Stage 1 & 2 total duration and count data in behaviour trials
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Sex-specific effects of psychoactive pollution on behavioural individuality and plasticity in fish
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Data from: Environmental enrichment induces intergenerational behavioural and epigenetic effects on fish
Parental effects influence offspring phenotypes through pre- and post-natal routes but little is known about their molecular basis, and therefore their adaptive significance. Epigenetic modifications, which control gene expression without changes in the DNA sequence and are influenced by the environment, may contribute to parental effects. We investigated the effects of environmental enrichment on the behaviour, metabolic rate and brain DNA methylation patterns of parents and offspring of the highly inbreed mangrove killifish (Kryptolebias marmoratus). Parental fish reared in enriched environments had lower cortisol levels, lower metabolic rates and were more active and neophobic than those reared in barren environments. They also differed in 1,854 methylated cytosines (DMCs). Offspring activity and neophobia were determined by the parental environment. Among the DMCs of the parents, 98 followed the same methylation patterns in the offspring, three of which were significantly influenced by parental environments irrespective of their own rearing environment. Our results suggest that parental environment influences the behaviour and, to some extent, the brain DNA methylation patterns of the offspring.
Parasite infection disrupts escape behaviour in fish shoals
<p>Many prey species have evolved collective responses to avoid predation. They rapidly transfer information about potential predators to trigger and coordinate escape waves. Predation avoidance behaviour is often manipulated by trophically transmitted parasites, to facilitate their transmission to the next host. We hypothesised that the presence of infected, behaviourally altered individuals might disturb the spread of escape waves. We used the tapeworm Schistocephalus solidus, which increases risk-taking behaviour and decrease social responsiveness of its host, the three spined stickleback, to test this hypothesis. Three subgroups of sticklebacks were placed next to one another in separate compartments with shelter. The middle subgroup contained either uninfected or infected sticklebacks. We confronted an outer subgroup with an artificial bird strike, and studied how the escape response spread through the subgroups. With uninfected sticklebacks in the middle, escape waves spread rapidly through the entire shoal and fish remained in shelter thereafter. With infected sticklebacks in the middle, the escape wave was disrupted and uninfected fish did hardlyrarely used the shelter. Infected individuals can disrupt the transmission of flight responses, thereby not only increasing their own predation risk but also that of their uninfected shoal members. Our study uncovers a potentially far-reaching fitness consequence of grouping with infected individuals.</p>
Natural and anthropogenic sources of habitat variation influence exploration behaviour, stress response, and brain morphology in a coastal fish
<p>1. Evolutionary ecology aims to better understand how ecologically important traits respond to environmental heterogeneity. Environments vary both naturally and as a result of human activities, and investigations that simultaneously consider how natural and human-induced environmental variation affect diverse trait types grow increasingly important as human activities drive species endangerment.</p> <p>2. Here, we examine how habitat fragmentation and structural habitat complexity, affect disparate trait types in Bahamas mosquitofish (<em>Gambusia hubbsi</em>) inhabiting tidal creeks. We tested a priori predictions for how these factors might influence exploratory behaviour, stress reactivity, and brain anatomy.</p> <p>3. We examined approximately 350 adult Bahamas mosquitofish from seven tidal creek populations across Andros Island, The Bahamas that varied in both human-caused fragmentation (three fragmented, four unfragmented) and natural habitat complexity (e.g. 5-fold variation in rock habitat).</p> <p>4. Populations that had experienced severe human-induced fragmentation, and thus restriction of tidal exchange from the ocean, exhibited greater exploration of a novel environment, stronger physiological stress responses to a mildly stressful event, and smaller telencephala (relative to body size). These changes matched adaptive predictions based mostly on 1) reduced chronic predation risk and 2) decreased demands for navigating tidally dynamic habitats. Populations from sites with greater structural habitat complexity showed a higher propensity for exploration and a relatively larger optic tectum and cerebellum. These patterns matched adaptive predictions related to increased demands for navigating complex environments.</p> <p>5. Our findings demonstrate environmental variation, including recent anthropogenic impacts (<50 years), can significantly affect complex, ecologically important traits. Yet trait-specific patterns may not be easily predicted, as we found strong support for only six of 12 predictions. Our results further highlight the utility of simultaneously quantifying multiple environmental factors—e.g. had we failed to account for habitat complexity, we would not have detected effects of fragmentation on exploratory behaviours. These responses, and their ecological consequences, may be complex: rapid and adaptive phenotypic responses to anthropogenic impacts can facilitate persistence in human-altered environments, but may come at a cost of population vulnerability if ecological restoration were to occur without consideration of the altered traits. </p>
FishPass Sortable Attribute Database: Phenological, morphological, physiological, and behavioural characteristics related to passage and movement of Great Lakes fishes
<p>In-stream barriers pose threats to fishes, including habitat loss, constraints on migration, and reduced connectivity between populations. Despite many negative consequences, barriers can serve to protect native species by limiting the spread of invasive species. For example, in the Laurentian Great Lakes, physical barriers have long been used to control invasive Sea Lamprey (<em>Petromyzon marinus</em>) populations by limiting access to potential upstream spawning and rearing habitat. Selective fish passage systems could solve this connectivity conundrum but must efficiently pass multiple native or desirable species while blocking invasive species. Designing such fish passage systems requires an understanding of the phenology, morphology, physiology, and behaviour (attribute dimensions) of fishes in the community. Here, we describe the first comprehensive collection of sortable attributes associated with fish passage. The integrated database consists of 21 biological attributes that influence the movement and passage of 220 species in the Great Lakes. Data coverage varies with species, taxonomic orders, and attribute dimensions. Behavioural attributes were typically underrepresented in the literature and the ecology of potential invaders was not well understood. The synthesis described herein is a critical step towards a holistic approach to fish passage design and may help to inform management actions related to population connectivity.</p>
Data supporting: Molecular, behavioural and morphological comparisons of sperm adaptations in a fish with alternative mating tactics
<p>In species with alternative reproductive tactics, there is much empirical support that sneaker males have larger testes size and greater sperm numbers. However, support for higher sperm performance by sneakers is inconsistent. We used the sand goby (Pomatoschistus minutus) to test whether sperm performance differed between breeding-coloured males (small testes, but large mucus-filled sperm-duct glands; builds a nest lined with a sperm-containing mucus, provides care) and sneaker-morph males (no breeding colouration, large testes, rudimentary sperm-duct glands; no nest, no care). We compared motility (proportion motile sperm), velocity and longevity of sperm, between the two morphs. Furthermore, we compared gene expression of testes, and tested if the sperm-duct gland contents affected sperm performance, and if sperm morphometrics differed between male morphs. We found a clear difference in gene expression of testes between the male morphs with 109 transcripts differentially expressed between the morphs. Notably, several mucin genes were upregulated in breeding-coloured males and two ATP-related genes were upregulated in sneaker-morph males. There was some evidence of higher sperm velocity in sneaker-morph males, but no difference in sperm motility. Presence of the sperm-duct gland contents significantly increased sperm velocity, but equally so for the two morphs. The same was true for sperm motility although the difference was not significant. The sand goby has remarkably long-lived sperm, with only small or no decline in motility and velocity over time (5 min vs. 22 hours), but again, this was equally true for both morphs. Sperm length (head, tail, total) did not differ between morphs, and did not correlate with sperm velocity for either morph. Thus, other than a clear difference in testes gene expression, we found only modest differences between the two male morphs, confirming previous findings that high sperm performance as an adaptation to sperm competition is not a primary target of evolution.</p>
Supplementary material - Comparison of electrified vertical trash racks – electric field and effects on species-specific fish behaviours
<p><strong>Videos_Rack_Interactions - </strong>Compiled videos consisting of all individual rack interactions observed for the tested configurations. Among the exploratory setups, only increasing voltages for chub with <em>PW </em>= 1 ms, <em>f</em> = 10Hz were included. </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Data.xlsm- </strong>Excel document containing the following sheets:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Fish </strong>- Length, Height and catch date of the tested Eel, Brown Trout and Chub</li> <li><strong>Experiments </strong>- Summary table which configuration and species was tested on which date. </li> <li><strong>Setups </strong>- Overview of the tested setups and naming convention used in the paper (C1- C7) compared to the convention used in the dataset (R12 - R28) </li> <li><strong>Results - </strong>Results of the experiments. Each experiment consists of three lines (three fish). For each fish, the tested configuration, lengt and height, catch date as well as reaction to the bar rack ( bypass without rack contact, bypass with rack contact, refusal and rack passage) are detailed. </li> <li><strong>Results (Filtered) - </strong>Sheet results without formatting and without invalid experiments. </li> <li><strong>TIme to reaction </strong>- Additional evaluation how much time fish spent in the experiment on average after the starting compartment was opened until a firsts interaction with the rack or bypass passage was observed. </li> </ul>
data and code from: Submissive behaviour is affected by group size in a social fish
<p>This repository contains data on individual aggression and submissive behaviour, collected during laboratory observations of agonistic interactions within <em>Neolamprologus pulcher </em>daffodil cichlids social groups, and the R code used to analyse the data.</p>
Finotypic plasticity: Predator-induced plasticity in fin size, darkness, and display behaviour in a teleost fish
<p>Fish fins are remarkable devices of propulsion. Fin morphology is intimately linked to locomotor performance, and hence to behaviours that influence fitness, such as foraging and predator avoidance. This foreshadows a connection between fin morphology and variation in predation risk. Yet, whether prey can adjust fin morphology according to changes in perceived risk within their lifetime (a.k.a. predator-induced plasticity) remains elusive. </p> <p>Here, we quantify the structural size of five focal fins in crucian carp (Carassius carassius) following controlled manipulations to perceived predation risk (presence/absence of pike Esox lucius). We also assess if crucian carp respond to increased predation risk by shifts in dorsal fin colouration, and test for differences in how fish actively use their dorsal fins by quantifying the area of the fin displayed in behavioural trials. </p> <p>We find that crucian carp show phenotypic plasticity with regard to fin size as predator-exposed fish consistently have larger fins. Individuals exposed to perceived predation risk also increased dorsal fin darkness and actively displayed a larger area of the fin to potential predators. </p> <p>Our result thus provides compelling evidence for predator-induced fin enlargement, which should result in enhanced escape swimming performance. Moreover, fin-size plasticity may evolve synergistically with fin colouration and display behaviour, and we suggest that the adaptive value of this synergy is to enhance the silhouette of deep-bodied and hard-to-capture prey to deter gape-limited predators prior to an attack. Together, our results provide new perspectives on the role of predation risk for the development and evolution of fins. </p>
Figure 3 in Behaviour of two predator fishes Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758 and Silurus glanis Linnaeus, 1758 during two successive floods in the French Aisne River
Figure 3. –Boxplot characterizing the sizes ranges per behavioural group of northern pikes
Fig. 2 in Impact of ecotourism on the fish fauna of Bonito region (Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil): ecological, behavioural and physiological measures
Fig. 2. Image illustrating tourists at the beginning of the snorkeling excursion (Lima, 2008).
Spanwise cylinder wake hydrodynamics and fish behaviour: Data
<p>Spanwise cylinder wake hydrodynamics and fish behaviour: Data</p> <p>Presents experimental data for the study of the effects of spanwise cylinder hydrodynamics on fish swimming behaviour. The data includes details of the fish and results of from a step velocity test, along with processed ADV measurements in the cylinder wake. </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
The influence of food web structure and foraging behaviour on visual system traits in a predatory freshwater fish
<p>Dataset used in the manuscript titled "The influence of food web structure and foraging behaviour on visual system traits in a predatory freshwater fish" Dataset includes lake trout visual system traits, body size, and food web structural attributes sampled from four different lakes in Algonquin, ON, Canada.</p>
Ecological and behavioural drivers of offspring size in marine teleost fishes
<p>Aim:<strong> </strong>Our aim was to evaluate the role of ecological and life-history factors in shaping global variation in offspring size in a marine clade with a diverse range of parental care behaviours.</p> <p>Location:<strong> </strong>Global.</p> <p>Time period: Data sourced from literature published from 1953 until 2019.</p> <p>Major taxa studied:<strong> </strong>Marine teleost fishes.</p> <p>Methods:<strong> </strong>We compiled a species-level dataset of egg and hatchling size for 1,639 species of marine fish across 45 orders. We used Bayesian phylogenetic mixed models to evaluate the relationship between offspring size and environmental factors (i.e., mean temperature, chlorophyll-<i>a</i> and dissolved oxygen content together with their annual variation), as well as latitude, reproductive strategy, parental body size and fecundity. We also tested long-standing hypotheses about the co-evolution of offspring size and the presence of parental care in BayesTraits.</p> <p>Results: After controlling for parental body size and phylogenetic history, we find that increased egg size is associated with colder and oxygen-rich waters, while hatch size further depends on food supply and the reproductive strategy exhibited by the species. Irrespective of the initial investment in egg size, species with parental care or demersal egg development yield larger hatchlings compared to pelagic spawners. We also demonstrate that hatch size has co-evolved with advanced forms of care in association with parental body but fail to find a relationship with other types of care.</p> <p>Main conclusions: Our study shows that parental care behaviours, together with environmental context, influence the evolution of classic life-history trade-offs on a global scale. While the initial investment in eggs is driven primarily by temperature and oxygen content, hatchling size also reflects the impact of care an offspring has received throughout development. In support of the 'offspring-first' hypothesis, we find that an increase in hatch size drives the evolution of advanced care provision. </p>
Data from: Environmental enrichment induces intergenerational behavioural and epigenetic effects on fish
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Parasite infection disrupts escape behaviour in fish shoals
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The macroecology of reef fish agonistic behaviour
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.