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93 results for “flower visitation”
Molecular assays of pollen use consistently reflect pollinator visitation patterns in a system of flowering plants
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Reduced seed set under water deficit is driven mainly by reduced flower numbers and not by changes in flower visitations and pollination
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Data from: Honeybee visitation to shared flowers increases Vairimorpha ceranae prevalence in bumblebees
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Data from: Early spring-flowering winter cover crop (<em>Camelina sativa</em>) increases insect flower visits in Wisconsin (USA)
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Floral resource availability and honeybee flower visitations in Oslo, Norway
<p>Urban green infrastructure can provide important habitats for pollinators and support urban ecosystem services. Therefore, these areas must be managed to maximize biodiversity and density of pollinating insects. We used DNA metabarcoding to study honeybee pollen resource use over time and space in the city of Oslo, Norway, and to assess the role of green infrastructure as a resource for pollinators and the services they generate. Urban honeybees used diverse pollen resources throughout their active season. There was considerable seasonal turnover in pollen resource use that reflected flowering phenology. Non-native plants (including invasive species) were an important resource early in the season but were replaced by native plants later in the season. Hive location was not strongly correlated with resource use, likely indicating effective long-distance foraging in the fragmented urban landscape. However, flower visitation rates and floral resource density in public urban green spaces were coupled with pollen use. Honeybees collected pollen from a small number of preferred species but also visited other species, likely for nectar. To preserve pollinator services, urban planning should consider flower resource management, with particular focus on planting native species that can act as early season resources for bees. Public campaigns and other incentive mechanisms to promote the cultivation of native plants that are resources for pollinators and the protection of urban semi-natural habitats have the potential to enhance the value of green infrastructure to support urban pollinators and pollination services.</p>
Landscape simplification leads to loss of plant-pollinator interaction diversity and flower visitation frequency despite buffering by abundant generalist pollinators
<p>Global change, especially landscape simplification, is a main driver of species loss that can alter ecological interaction networks, with potentially severe consequences to ecosystem functions. Therefore, understanding how landscape simplification affects the rate of loss of plant-pollinator interaction diversity (i.e., number of unique interactions) compared to species diversity alone, and the role of persisting abundant pollinators, is key to assess the consequences of landscape simplification on network stability and pollination services. We analysed 24 landscape-scale plant-pollinator networks from standardised transect walks along landscape simplification gradients in three countries. We compared the rates of species and interaction diversity loss along the landscape simplification gradient and then stepwise excluded the top 1-20% most abundant pollinators from the data set to evaluate their effect on interaction diversity, network robustness to secondary loss of species, and flower visitation frequencies in simplified landscapes. Interaction diversity was not more vulnerable than species diversity to landscape simplification, with pollinator and interaction diversity showing similar rates of erosion with landscape simplification. We found that 20% of both species and interactions are lost with an increase of arable crop cover from 30 to 80% in a landscape. The decrease in interaction diversity was partially buffered by persistent abundant generalist pollinators in simplified landscapes, which were nested subsets of pollinator communities in complex landscapes, while plants showed a high turnover in interactions across landscapes. The top 5% most abundant pollinator species also contributed to network robustness against secondary species loss, but could not prevent flowers from a loss of visits in simplified landscapes. Although persistent abundant pollinators buffered the decrease in interaction diversity in simplified landscapes and stabilised network robustness, flower visitation frequency was reduced, emphasising potentially severe consequences of further ongoing land-use change for pollination services.</p>
Main body part dominates crypsis in a flower-visiting spider
<p>Camouflage is one of the most common defence strategies. Some crab spiders with uniform colouration have been demonstrated to camouflage on flowers via background matching. However, many more flower-visiting spiders do not have uniform body colour, and whether these species are cryptic on flowers needs more exploration. We investigated this question in a crab spider with a different-coloured abdomen and carapace, <em>Ebrechtella tricuspidata</em>, whose females and juveniles can normally be found on the flower petals of chamomile <em>Matricaria recutita</em>. We conducted predation experiments by using naive chicks as an avian predator of <em>E. tricuspidata</em>, to test whether avian predators could detect <em>E. tricuspidata</em> from flowers or leaves of <em>M. recutita</em>. We found that the probabilities of spiders that were detected and attacked were lower when the spider was on a flower petal than on a leaf, which supported the crypsis of <em>E. tricuspidata</em>. Furthermore, the visual modelling from the perspective of chicks showed that the spider abdomen matched the flower petal in both chromatic and achromatic contrast and was unlikely to be detected by avian predators. Taken together, our results indicate that <em>E. tricuspidata</em> is cryptic on chamomile flowers and has a much lower predation risk than on leaves. Importantly, <em>E. tricuspidata</em> is more representative than the species with uniform colouration. Thus, these findings highlight that camouflage may be widespread in flower-visiting spiders.</p>
The number of glyphosate resistant seeds produced by each of three bee species as they visit alfalfa flowers in sequence during a foraging bout
<p>Since the release of genetically engineered (GE) crops, there has been increased concern about the introduction of GE genes into non-GE fields of a crop and their spread to feral or wild cross-compatible relatives. More recently, attention has been given to the differential impact of distinct pollinators on gene flow, with the goal of developing isolation distances associated with specific managed pollinators. To examine the differential impact of bee species on gene movement, we <span>quantified the relationship between the probability of getting a GE seed in a pod, and the order in which a flower was visited, or the cumulative distance traveled by a bee in a foraging bout. We refer to these relationships as 'seed curves' and compare these seeds curves among three bee species. </span>The experiments used <em><span>Medicago sativa</span></em><span> L. plants carrying three copies of the glyphosate resistance (GR) allele as pollen donors (<em>M. sativa</em> is a tetraploid), such that each pollen grain carried the GR allele, and conventional plants as pollen recipients. </span><span>Different foraging metrics, including the number of GR seeds produced over a foraging bout, were also quantified and contrasted among bee species. The lowest number of GR seeds set per foraging bout, and the GR seeds set at the shortest distances, were produced following leafcutting bee visits. In contrast, GR seeds were found at the longest distances following bumble bee visits. Values for honey bees were intermediate. The ranking of bee species based on seed curves correlated well with field-based gene flow estimates. Thus, differential seed curves of bee species, which describe patterns of seed production within foraging bouts, translated into distinct abilities of bee species to move genes at a landscape level. Bee behavior at a local scale (foraging bout) helps predict gene flow and </span><span>the spread of GE genes at the landscape scale. </span></p>
Land-use legacies affect flower visitation network structure after forest restoration
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Main body part dominates crypsis in a flower-visiting spider
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Landscape simplification leads to loss of plant-pollinator interaction diversity and flower visitation frequency despite buffering by abundant generalist pollinators
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Data from: Every hue has its fan club: Diverse patterns of color-dependent flower visitation across Lepidoptera
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Visitation sequence data from: Alternative flowers affect model and mimic flower discrimination performance of bumble bees
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Floral resource availability and honeybee flower visitations in Oslo, Norway
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The number of glyphosate resistant seeds produced by each of three bee species as they visit alfalfa flowers in sequence during a foraging bout
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Data from: Floral spatial morphological characteristics preferences facilitate mating and predation in flower-visiting spiders
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Data from: Specialized flower visitation in montane butterflies is associated with positive population trajectories over time
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Data from: Assessing flower-visiting arthropod diversity in apple orchards through metabarcoding of environmental DNA from flowers and visual census
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Temporal variation in floral scent emission of a woody plant and flower visiting behaviour of male and female flies
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Experimental test of the combined effects of water availability and flowering time on pollinator visitation and seed set
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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