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84 results for “foraging activity”
Data from: Periaqueductal gray activates antipredatory neural responses in the amygdala of foraging rats
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Data from: Fear of feces? Trade-offs between disease risk and foraging drive animal activity around raccoon latrines
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Social partners and temperature jointly affect morning foraging activity of small birds in winter
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Bats increased foraging activity at experimental prey patches near hibernacula
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Data From: Breeders are less active foragers than non-breeders in wild Damaraland mole-rats
<p>Eusocial insect societies are characterised by a clear division of labour between non-breeding workers and breeding queens and queens often do not contribute to foraging, defence and other maintenance tasks. It has been suggested that the structure and organisation of social mole-rat groups resembles that of eusocial insect societies. However, the division of labour has rarely been investigated in wild mole-rats and it is unknown whether breeders show decreased foraging activity compared to non-breeding helpers in natural groups. Here we show that, in wild Damaraland mole-rats (Fukomys damarensis), breeding males and females show lower activity in foraging areas than non-breeding group members. Both breeders and non-breeders displayed variation in activity across the different seasons. Our results suggest that group living allows social mole-rat breeders to reduce their investment in energetically costly and potentially risky foraging tasks which could contribute to the extended life-span of breeding individuals in this species and other social mole-rats.</p>
Data from: Netted crop covers reduce honey bee foraging activity and colony strength in a mass flowering crop
The widespread use of protective covers in horticulture represents a novel landscape-level change, presenting challenges for crop pollination. Honey bees (Apis mellifera L) are pollinators of many crops, but their behaviour can be affected by conditions under covers. To determine how netting crop covers can affect honey bee foraging dynamics, colony health, and pollination services, we assessed the performance of 52 nucleus honey bee colonies in five covered and six uncovered kiwifruit orchards. Colony strength was estimated pre- and post- introduction, and the foraging of individual bees (including pollen-, nectar-, and naïve foragers) was monitored in a subset of the hives fitted with RFID readers. Simultaneously, we evaluated pollination effectiveness by measuring flower visitation rates and the number of seeds produced after single honey bee visits. Honey bee colonies under cover exhibited both an acute loss of foragers and changes in the behaviour of successful foragers. Under cover, bees were four times less likely to return after their first trip outside the hive. Consequently, the number of adult bees in hives declined at a faster rate in these orchards, with colonies losing on average 1,057 ± 274 of their bees in under two weeks. Bees that did forage under cover completed fewer trips provisioning their colony, failing to re-enter after a few short-duration trips. These effects are likely to have implications for colony health and productivity. We also found that bee density (bees/thousand flowers) and visitation rates to flowers were lower under cover, however we did not detect a resultant change in pollination. Our findings highlight the need for environment-specific management techniques for pollinators. Improving honey bee orientation under covers and increasing our understanding of the effects of covers on bee nutrition and brood rearing should be primary objectives for maintaining colonies and potentially improving pollination in these systems.
Data from: Pollination on the dark side: acoustic monitoring reveals impacts of a total solar eclipse on flight behavior and activity schedule of foraging bees
The total solar eclipse of 21 August 2017 traversed ~5000 km from coast to coast of North America. In its 90-min span, sunlight dropped by three orders of magnitude and temperature by 10–15°C. To investigate impacts of these changes on bee (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) pollinators, we monitored their flights acoustically in natural habitats of Pacific Coast, Rocky Mountain, and Midwest regions. Temperature changes during the eclipse had little impact on bee activity. Most of the explained variation (R2) in buzzing rate was attributable to changes in light intensity. Bees ceased flying during complete darkness at totality, but flight activity was unaffected by dim light in partial phases before and after totality. Flights of bees during partial phases of the eclipse lasted longer than flights made under full sun, showing that behavioral plasticity matched bee flight properties to changes in light intensity during the eclipse. Efforts of citizen scientists, including hundreds of school children, contributed to the scope and educational impact of this study.
Data from: Assessing the effects of human activities on the foraging opportunities of migratory shorebirds in Austral high-latitude bays
Human presence at intertidal areas could impact coastal biodiversity, including migratory waterbird species and the ecosystem services they provide. Assessing this impact is therefore essential to develop management measures compatible with migratory processes and associated biodiversity. Here, we assess the effects of human presence on the foraging opportunities of Hudsonian godwits (Limosa haemastica, a trans-hemispheric migratory shorebird) during their non-breeding season on Chiloé Island, southern Chile. We compared bird density and time spent foraging in two similar bays with contrasting disturbance levels: human presence (mostly seaweed harvesters accompanied by dogs) was on average 0.9±0.4 people per 10 ha in the disturbed bay, whereas it was negligible (95% days absent) in the non-disturbed bay. Although overall abundances were similar between bays, godwit density was higher in the non-disturbed bay throughout the low tide period. Both days after the start of the non-breeding season and tidal height significantly affected godwit density, with different effects in either bay. Time spent foraging was significantly higher in the non-disturbed bay (86.5±1.1%) than in the disturbed one (81.3±1.4%). As expected, godwit density significantly decreased with the number of people and accompanying dogs in the disturbed bay. Our results indicate that even a low density of people and dogs can significantly reduce the foraging opportunities of shorebirds. These constraints, coupled with additional flushing costs, may negatively affect godwits' pre-migratory fattening. Hence, as a first step we suggest limiting human presence within bays on Chiloé to 1 person per 10 ha and banning the presence of accompanying dogs in sensitive conservation areas.
Data from: Geographical variation in ant foraging activity and resource use is driven by climate and net primary productivity
<p><b>Aim: </b>Foraging activity is critical for animal survival. Comprehending how ecological drivers influence foraging behavior would benefit our understanding of the link between animals and ecological processes. Here, we evaluated the influence of ecological drivers on ant foraging activity and relative resource use.</p> <p><b>Location: </b>Six Brazilian biomes: Amazon, Atlantic rainforest, Caatinga, Cerrado, Pampa and Pantanal.</p> <p><b>Taxon: </b>Formicidae.</p> <p><b>Methods: </b>We assessed ant foraging activity and resource use by sampling across 60 sites. We placed baited tubes that contained one of five liquid resources (sugar, lipids, amino acid, sodium and distilled water). We used model selection to assess the influence of ecological drivers (temperature, precipitation, temperature seasonality and net primary productivity) on ant foraging activity and relative resource use.</p> <p><b>Results: </b>Foraging activity was higher in wetter, more productive and less thermally seasonal environments. The relative use of amino acids increased at higher temperatures while the relative use of lipids decreased. The relative use of sugar increased in drier and less productive environments with high temperature seasonality while the relative use of amino acid and sodium decreased in those environments. The relative use of lipids was complex: increasing with increasing temperature seasonality and decreasing with increasing precipitation. Further, the relative use of sodium was greater where the foraging activity was high.</p> <p><b>Main Conclusions: </b>We demonstrate how ecological drivers are correlated to ant foraging activity and resource use in the field across large spatial scales. The search for resources encompasses different interactions involving ants with abiotic and biotic components in the ecosystem. Thus, we suggest that changes in climate and NPP, which influence the intensity and the way that ants search for resources, will result in changes in ant-mediated ecological processes.</p>
Figure 5 in Foraging mode of Australolacerta rupicola (FitzSimons, 1933) (Sauria: Lacertidae): evidence of seasonal variation in an extremely active predator?
Figure 5. Australolacerta rupicola feeding on a spider (a) and a grasshopper (b). Credit: S. Kirchhof.
Figure 8. Correspondence analysis plots. M1–M4 in The foraging activity of Mesobuthus gibbosus (Scorpiones: Buthidae) in central and south Aegean archipelago
Figure 8. Correspondence analysis plots. M1–M4: moon phase classes from minimum (M1) to maximum (M4); Al1–Al4: moon altitude classes; Az1–Az4: moon azimuth classes; sw, sitand-wait; dk, doorkeeping; C, Crete; K, Koufonisi.
Figure 4 in The foraging activity of Mesobuthus gibbosus (Scorpiones: Buthidae) in central and south Aegean archipelago
Figure 4. Comparative diagrams of average wind speed measurements (¡S.D.) in the open field and inside bushes in Crete (C) and Koufonisi (K) per sampling hour.
Figure 1 in The foraging activity of Mesobuthus gibbosus (Scorpiones: Buthidae) in central and south Aegean archipelago
Figure 1. Maps of the study sites. In order to maintain uniformity in sampling, the study area was divided into line transects (represented as arrows) each approximately 7 m apart.
Figure 7. Correspondence analysis plots. A1–A4 in The foraging activity of Mesobuthus gibbosus (Scorpiones: Buthidae) in central and south Aegean archipelago
Figure 7. Correspondence analysis plots. A1–A4: air temperature classes from minimum (A1) to maximum (A4); H1–H4: air relative humidity classes; S1–S4: soil temperature classes; W1– W4: wind speed classes; M1–M4: moon phase classes; sw, sit-and-wait; dk, doorkeeping; C, Crete; K, Koufonisi.
Figure 6 in The foraging activity of Mesobuthus gibbosus (Scorpiones: Buthidae) in central and south Aegean archipelago
Figure 6. The distribution of the body lengths of the observed foraging individuals at both study sites.
Figure 3 in The foraging activity of Mesobuthus gibbosus (Scorpiones: Buthidae) in central and south Aegean archipelago
Figure 3. Comparative diagrams of average air relative humidity measurements (¡S.D.) in the open field and inside bushes in Crete (C) and Koufonisi (K) per sampling hour.
FIG. 6 in Foraging ecology of the giant Amazonian ant Dinoponera gigantea (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Ponerinae): activity schedule, diet and spatial foraging patterns
FIG. 6. Ritualized territorial contest between Dinoponera gigantea foragers from diVerent colonies at the border of their foraging areas. (A) Ants lock their mandibles together, vigorously antennate each other's head, and constantly kick one another with the Žrst pair of legs. (B) As the contest escalates the dominant ant (right) directs the tip of the gaster against the opponent's body. The subordinate ant eventually walks away as she breaks free.
FIG. 2 in Foraging ecology of the giant Amazonian ant Dinoponera gigantea (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Ponerinae): activity schedule, diet and spatial foraging patterns
FIG. 2. Frequency distribution of trip duration relative to diVerent activities performed by workers of Dinoponera gigantea in a Brazilian rainforest site. Although foraging ants may be away from the nest for up to 3 h, successful foragers usually return after 30–60 min of searching. Data are based on continuous 12-h observations at colony Nos 9 and 10, from 6.00 a.m. to 6.00 p.m. Two successful foragers from each colony are not included in the graphs because the duration of their foraging trips could not be recorded.
Figure 1 in Into the light: atypical diurnal foraging activity of Blyth's horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus lepidus (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) on Tioman Island, Malaysia
Figure 1: Map showing Tioman Island in the State of Pahang, Peninsular Malaysia, along with locations of villages and Tekok-Juara trail where day-flying RHiNOlOpHus lepidus was recorded.
Figure 3 in Into the light: atypical diurnal foraging activity of Blyth's horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus lepidus (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) on Tioman Island, Malaysia
Figure 3: Spectrogram of echolocation calls of RHiNOlOpHus lepidus recorded at Juara, Tioman Island, on September 26, 2017 at 11:59 h, showing a feeding buzz.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
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