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SBC LTER: Reef: Kelp Forest Community Dynamics: Cover of sessile organisms, Uniform Point Contact

These data describe the cover of sessile invertebrates, understory macroalgae, and bottom substrate types as determined by a uniform point contact method. The presence of over 150 taxa of sessile invertebrates and macroalgae are recorded at 80 uniformly spaced points along permanent 40m x 2m transects. Multiple species can be recorded at any given point. Percent cover of a given species on a transect can be estimated from UPC observations as the fraction of total points at which that species was present x 100. The total percent cover of all species combined using this method can exceed 100%; however, the percent cover of any single species cannot exceed 100%. These data are part of SBC LTERs kelp forest monitoring program, which began in 2000 and was designed to track long-term patterns in species abundance and diversity of reef-associated organisms in the Santa Barbara Channel, California, USA. The sampling locations in this dataset include nine reef sites along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel and at two sites on the north side of Santa Cruz Island. These sites reflect several oceanographic regimes in the channel and vary in distance from sources of terrestrial runoff. Data collection began in 2000 and this dataset is updated annually. The time period of data collection varied among the 11 kelp forest sites. Sampling at BULL, CARP, and NAPL began in 2000, sampling at the other 6 mainland sites (AHND, AQUE, IVEE, GOLB, ABUR, MOHK) began in 2001 (transects 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 at IVEE were added in 2011). Data collection at the two Santa Cruz Island sites (SCTW and SCDI) began in 2004. See Methods for more information. The two tables in this data package include: 1) The percent cover of sessile invertebrate and understory macroalage; and 2) the percent cover of bottom substrate.

SBC LTER: Reef: Kelp Forest Community Dynamics: Fish abundance

These data describe the abundance and size of fish species as part of SBCLTER's kelp forest monitoring program to track long-term patterns in species abundance and diversity. This study began in 2000 in the Santa Barbara Channel, California, USA. The abundance and size of all taxa of resident kelp forest fish encountered along permanent transects are recorded at nine reef sites located along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel and at two sites on the north side of Santa Cruz Island. These sites reflect several oceanographic regimes in the channel and vary in distance from sources of terrestrial runoff. In these surveys, fish were counted in either a 40x2m benthic quadrat, or in the water parcel 0-2m off the bottom over the same area. The table in this data package documented the annual benthic fish community survey which was conducted once a year around late July or early August. The time period of data collection for the annual benthic fish community survey varied among the 11 kelp forest sites. Sampling at BULL, CARP, and NAPL began in 2000, sampling at the other 6 mainland sites (AHND, AQUE, IVEE, GOLB, ABUR, MOHK) began in 2001 (transects 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 at IVEE were added in 2011). Data collection at the two Santa Cruz Island sites (SCTW and SCDI) began in 2004. The monthly fish survey at ABUR (Transect 1, 2, and 3), AQUE (Transect1), and MOHK (Transect 1) in 2002. The Transect 2 and 3 at ABUR were discontinued in June 2006. See Methods for more information.

SBC LTER: Reef: Seasonal Kelp Forest Community Dynamics: Detritus biomass

These data describe the abundance of macroalgal detritus (grams wet mass m-2) as part of SBCLTER's seasonal kelp forest monitoring program to track long-term patterns in species abundance and diversity. Detritus was collected in six permanent 1 m2 quadrats positioned uniformly along 40 m transects in each sampling plot. Sample collections were brought back to the laboratory, identified to species and weighed wet. The seasonal surveys were initiated in 2008 at five reef sites along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel, California, US.

SBC LTER: Reef: Seasonal Kelp Forest Community Dynamics: Urchin size frequency distribution

These data describe the size frequency distribution of red (Mesocentrotus franciscanus) and purple (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus) sea urchins within permanent plots of SBCLTER's seasonal kelp forest monitoring program to track long-term patterns in species abundance and diversity. The diameter of the test (shell without spines) was recorded to the nearest 0.5 cm for 50 red and 50 purple sea urchins located within a 40 m x 2 m area of each plot. Size frequency data of red and purple sea urchins are not collected in the continual kelp removal plots. When combined with size-mass relationships established in the laboratory these data were used to provide a non-destructive, in situ estimate of the dry mass per unit area of bottom for each species. The experiment was initiated in 2008 at five reef sites along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel.

SBC LTER: Reef: Seasonal Kelp Forest Community Dynamics: Cover of sessile organisms, Uniform Point Contact

These data describe the percent cover of sessile invertebrates and understory macroalgae within permanent plots of SBCLTER's seasonal kelp forest monitoring program to track long-term patterns in species abundance and diversity. Percent cover was determined using a uniform point contact method that consists of noting the identity and relative vertical position of all organisms under 80 uniformly placed points located within a 1 m wide band centered on permanent 40 m transects in each sampling plot. Each species may only be recorded once per point. Using this method, the percent cover of all species combined may exceed 100%, however, the maximum percent cover possible for any single species cannot exceed 100%. The experiment was initiated in 2008 at five reef sites along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel.

SBC LTER: Reef: Seasonal Kelp Forest Community Dynamics: Cover of bottom substrate and sand depth

These data describe the percent cover of eight bottom substrate types within permanent plots of SBCLTER's seasonal kelp forest monitoring program to track long-term patterns in species abundance and diversity. The type of bottom substrate was recorded at 80 uniformly spaced points along permanent 40m x 2m transects. Percent cover of each substrate type on transect was estimated as the proportion of the 80 points contacted by the substrate type x 100. In cases where the substrate type was sand, the depth of the sand was measured. The experiment was initiated in 2008 at five reef sites along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel. The two tables in this data package include: 1) The percent cover of eight bottom substrate types; and 2) the sand depth of each sampling point (sand depth = 0 if substrate type is not sand)

SBC LTER: Reef: Seasonal Kelp Forest Community Dynamics: Abundance and size of Giant Kelp

These data describe the abundance and size of giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) within permanent plots of SBCLTER's seasonal kelp forest monitoring program to track long-term patterns in species abundance and diversity. The number of giant kelp > 1 m tall were recorded within four contiguous 20 m x 1m permanent plots located within a 40 m x 2 m area. The number of fronds > 1 m tall were counted for each individual and used as an estimate of its size. The experiment was initiated in 2008 at five reef sites along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel.

SBC LTER: Reef: Seasonal Kelp Forest Community Dynamics: Fish abundance

These data describe the abundance and size of reef-associated fish within permanent plots of SBCLTER's seasonal kelp forest monitoring program to track long-term patterns in species abundance and diversity. The number, size and species identity of reef fish were recorded within a 2 m wide swath centered along a 40 m long transect extending up to 2 m off the bottom. Fish size was measured as total length estimated to the nearest cm. The experiment was initiated in 2008 at five reef sites along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel.

SBC LTER: Reef: Kelp Forest Community Dynamics: Abundance and size of Giant Kelp (Macrocystis Pyrifera), ongoing since 2000

These data describe the abundance of giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, and are part of the SBCLTER kelp forest monitoring program. The study was initiated in 2000, in the Santa Barbara Channel, California, USA, and this dataset is updated once per year. The number and size (number of fronds and diameter of holdfasts) of plants were recorded along permanent transects at nine reef sites located along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel and at two sites on the north side Santa Cruz Island. These sites reflect several oceanographic regimes in the channel and vary in distance from sources of terrestrial runoff. The time period of data collection varied among the 11 kelp forest sites. Sampling at BULL, CARP, and NAPL began in 2000, sampling at the other 6 mainland sites (AHND, AQUE, IVEE, GOLB, ABUR, MOHK) began in 2001 (transects 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 at IVEE were added in 2011). Data collection at the two Santa Cruz Island sites (SCTW and SCDI) began in 2004. See Methods for more information.

SBC LTER: Reef: Seasonal Kelp Forest Community Dynamics: Invertebrate and algal density

These data describe the abundance of common reef associated species of macro invertebrates and macroalgae within permanent plots of SBCLTER's seasonal kelp forest monitoring program to track long-term patterns in species abundance and diversity. The number of individuals of approximately 50 taxa were recorded by divers along 40 m transects within each plot. Small species of macroalgae and macinvertebrates were counted within six permanent 1 m2 quadrats positioned uniformly along the 40 m transect, while larger species were counted within four contiguous 20 m2 sub-sections of each 40 m x 2 m transect. Also included at the quadrat scale are estimates of an average size-related measurement of each species, which was developed specifically for each species for the purpose of estimating its biomass. The experiment was initiated in 2008 at five reef sites along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel.

SBC LTER: Reef: Kelp Forest Community Dynamics: Invertebrate and algal density

These data describe the density and size of a select group of about 50 species of benthic invertebrates and understory algae in fixed plots (either 1m x 1m or 20m x 1m) along permanent transects. These data are part of SBCLTER’s kelp forest monitoring program to track long-term patterns in species abundance and diversity of reef-associated organisms in the Santa Barbara Channel, California, USA. The sampling locations in this dataset are at nine reef sites along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel and at two sites on the north side of Santa Cruz Island. These sites reflect several oceanographic regimes in the channel and vary in distance from sources of terrestrial runoff. Sampling began in 2000, and these data are updated annually. The time period of data collection varied among the 11 kelp forest sites. Sampling at BULL, CARP, and NAPL began in 2000, sampling at the other 6 mainland sites (AHND, AQUE, IVEE, GOLB, ABUR, MOHK) began in 2001 (transects 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 at IVEE were added in 2011). Data collection at the two Santa Cruz Island sites (SCTW and SCDI) began in 2004. See Methods for more information. See Methods for more information.

SBC LTER: Reef: Kelp Forest Community Dynamics: Transect geospatial metadata

The data table provides summaries of depth information (mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation) for all of the transects surveyed as part of the SBC LTER Kelp Forest Monitoring program. All data are expressed in meters, reference to mean lower low water (MLLW). Each value is the result of 160 observations, four at each meter (n=160). The sampling locations in this dataset are 40 meter transects at nine reef sites along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel and at two sites on the north side of Santa Cruz Island. The PDF document provides descriptive information of the transect such as headings and relative locations of the points along the transect. Data were recorded in 2010 and 2011, except that IVEE transect 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 were recorded in 2024.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2020View details →

zenodo48/100

Data from paper: "Large-scale variations in the dynamics of Amazon forest canopy gaps from airborne lidar data and opportunities for tree mortality estimates"

Data from the paper: Dalagnol, R. et al. Large-scale variations in the dynamics of Amazon forest canopy gaps from airborne lidar data and opportunities for tree mortality estimates. Sci Rep 11, 1388 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-80809-w Link: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-80809-w   This repository contains: 1) Data frame with data from static and dynamic gaps used in Figure 2 (Dalagnol_2020_Data_Multitemporal_gaps.csv). Each row is the aggregated measurement at 5-km resolution. The site component referes to the five site studied with multitemporal data. Site order from 1 to 5 is DUC, TAP, FN1, BON and TAL. 2) Data frame with data from static gaps and environmental factors used in Table 1, Figure 3, 4, 5 (Dalagnol_2020_Data_Singledate_gaps_Modeling.csv). Each row is the aggregated measurement of one site observed by airborne lidar data. 3) Raster file at 5-km resolution with dynamic gap fraction estimates presented in Figure 5 (dynamic_gap_fraction_amazon.tif).   If you need anything else, please contact the corresponding author: Ricardo Dalagnol (ricds@hotmail.com).

zenodo48/100

Roots Carbon Dynamics in Temperate forest roots, Thuringia, Germany

These files contain radiocarbon, d13C, NSC concentrations, and CO2 efflux rates measured for aspen (Populus tremula hybrids) roots collected during 2018 growing season in the Großer Hermannsberg Mountain, Germany (50°42’50’’ N, 10°36’13’’ E, 616 m a.s.l). Coarse (> 2 mm) and fine (2 ≤ mm) roots collected from three 'treatments': before stem girdling (Pre-girdling), ~3 months after girdling (Girdling) and ~3 months after girdling but in un-girdled trees (Control). The files with the relevant results: '13C', '14C', 'CO2_efflux', 'NSC'. Few roots from the 'Pre-girdling' treatment were incubated for respiration measurements 7 d after harvest. The files with the relevant results: 'Repeated_incubations_isotopes', 'Repeated_incubations_fluxes'.  Results of incubations used for Q10 calculations presented in the file 'CO2_efflux_Q10'. Temperature and rainfall in the site during 2018 growing season are presented in the file 'Field_temperature_rainfall'. Results used to reconstruct local atmospheric D14C-CO2 record are presented in the file 'Local_atmospheric_CO2_D14C'. The file 'Metadata' contains information about the headers in the other files.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2020View details →

openCC (other)May 2023View details →

Long-term (1993-2019) dynamics of tree populations on a mapped 3-ha permanent plot in old-growth northern hardwood forest, Huron Mts., Marquette Co., MI, USA

This data-set includes multiple remeasurements, over 25 years, of all woody stems >2 cm diameter (total of 2125 stems) on a 2.72-ha stem-mapped plot in old-growth northern hardwood forest in the Huron Mountains region of northern Marquette County, MI. The plot and surrounding forest is dominated by sugar maple (Acer saccharum) and eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis). Among secondary species, yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis) and basswood (Tilia americana) are most common. Soils (identified as Kalkaska series) are developed on deep sandy glacial outwash. The plot is within a much larger region of old-growth forest, protected since ca. 1880, with only minimal disturbance associated with access tracks and trails. Numerous other forest community and dendrochronological studies support the interpretation that the area around the study plot has not experienced stand-initiating disturbance for at least 400 years. Initial mapping and measurements (1993-1995 for 2.52 ha; an additional 0.2 ha added in 1999) used a 20x20 m grid established in a near-level area of uniform substrate. All stems were identified to species, mapped on polar coordinates from the center of each grid cell (including, at first measurement, identifiable dead trees, standing and down), and diameter at breast height (dbh) measured to nearest 0.1 cm. All stems were remeasured on a five-year cycle 1999-2019, and new mortality was recorded at each remeasurement. New recruits > 2 cm dbh were added at each remeasurement.

openCC (other)Jun 2021View details →

Simulated forest dynamics (2016-2100) for six future climate-fire scenarios and five representative landscapes in Greater Yellowstone, USA

We simulated fire (incorporating fuels feedbacks) and forest dynamics on five landscapes spanning the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE) to ask: (1) How and where are forest landscapes likely to change with 21st-century warming and fire activity? (2) Are future forest changes gradual or abrupt, and do forest attributes change synchronously or sequentially? (3) Can forest declines be averted by mid-21st-century stabilization of atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations? We used the spatially explicit individual-based forest model iLand to track multiple attributes (forest extent, stand age, tree density, basal area, aboveground carbon stocks, dominant forest types, species occupancy) through 2100 for six climate scenarios. The five study landscapes are representative of dominant forest types and environmental gradients of the Northern Rockies; collectively, they encompass nearly 300,000 ha, of which 279,488 ha are potentially stockable with trees. This data set contains annual landscape-level output data for simulations to 2100 with 6 climate scenarios (3 general circulation models x 2 representative concentration pathways) x 5 landscapes x 20 iterations of simulated fires. We include the data and R scripts used for the analyses of abrupt change in the publication associated with these data; all other analyses used standard functions in R.

openCC (other)Jul 2021View details →

SBC LTER: Reef: Kelp Forest Community Dynamics: Fish abundance (Reformatted to a Darwin Core Archive)

This data package is formatted as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A, event core). For more information on Darwin Core see https://www.tdwg.org/standards/dwc/. This Level 2 data package was derived from the Level 1 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/edi/189/2, which was derived from the Level 0 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/knb-lter-sbc/17/35. The abstract below was extracted from the Level 0 data package and is included for context: These data describe the abundance and size of fish species as part of SBCLTER's kelp forest monitoring program to track long-term patterns in species abundance and diversity. This study began in 2000 in the Santa Barbara Channel, California, USA. The abundance and size of all taxa of resident kelp forest fish encountered along permanent transects are recorded at nine reef sites located along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel and at two sites on the north side of Santa Cruz Island. These sites reflect several oceanographic regimes in the channel and vary in distance from sources of terrestrial runoff. In these surveys, fish were counted in either a 40x2m benthic quadrat, or in the water parcel 0-2m off the bottom over the same area. The two tables in this data package include: 1) The annual benthic fish community survey which was conducted on 11 reefs once a year around late July or early August; and 2) The monthly fish survey which was conducted once a month at a subset of the sites (3 of the annual sites) The time period of data collection for the annual benthic fish community survey varied among the 11 kelp forest sites. Sampling at BULL, CARP, and NAPL began in 2000, sampling at the other 6 mainland sites (AHND, AQUE, IVEE, GOLB, ABUR, MOHK) began in 2001 (transects 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 at IVEE were added in 2011). Data collection at the two Santa Cruz Island sites (SCTW and SCDI) began in 2004. The monthly fish survey at ABUR (Transect 1, 2, and 3), AQUE

openCC (other)Aug 2023View details →

El Verde long-term invertebrate data - Luquillo Forest Dynamics Plot (LFDP)

The data set consists of 44 files: (1) abundance data for the walking stick, Lamponius portoricensis, (2) estimates of abundance (Minimum Number Known Alive) for 17 species of terrestrial snails, and (3) 42 files containing data on size and mark-recapture estimates of population size for the snails Caracolus caracolla and Nenia tridens from the Wet Season of 1995 to the Wet Season of 2019 (no dry season data for 1995 or after 2012). Note: MNKA estimates are not always identical to the number of individuals indicated in the Mark-Recapture data, because some individuals (e.g., those that were lost before being marked) had to be excluded from calculations for Mark-Recapture estimates of abundance. Note, no data were collected in 2020 or 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.

openCC (other)Nov 2023View details →

Census of species, diameter and location at the Luquillo Forest Dynamics Plot (LFDP), Puerto Rico

Censuses are performed every 5 years, the last one was finished in 2012 and the quality control process in 2013. File LFDP_CENSUS1 contains data for the Census 1 (Survey 1,2,and 3) of pre LFDP including the Tag number Species code, quadrat location and date and stem diameter D130 (diameter measured at 130 cm from the ground (DBH). It also contains the diameter as recorded for all stems in survey 1, 2 and 3. LFDP_CENSUS1a has the same structure as LFDP_census1. In LFDP_census1a file, however, the stem diameters have been calculated to allocate "missed" stems that were found in survey 2, 3 or Census 2 to either Census 1 survey 1 (stems >=10 cm D130) or Census 1 survey 3 (stems >=1, <10 cm D130). We calculated the diameter the stem would have had, if it had been recorded at the same time the quadrat it was located in was assessed, in the appropriate survey for that stem size. To extrapolate the stem size back in time, we used the actual growth rate of that individual stem if more than one measurement was available. If only one diameter measurement was available we used the median growth rate for that species in the appropriate size class (median growthrate of stems <10 cm, or median for stems >=10, <30 cm D130). Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.