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308 results for “fungal community”
Saline groundwater irrigation affects the date palm bulk soil associated fungal guild community and enhances the pathotroph abundance
<p><strong><em> Exploring the Influence of Saline Groundwater Irrigation on Soil Fungal Biodiversity in Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) Bulk Soil</em></strong></p>
Dead or alive; or does it really matter? Level of congruency between trophic modes in total and active fungal communities in High Arctic soil.
<p>These are the rDNA and rRNA fragments of Internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) extracted from snow fence experiment in Adventdalen, Svalbard. </p> <p>This is a dataset described in Wutkowska et al., (2019), 'Dead or alive; or does it really matter? Level of congruency between trophic modes in total and active fungal communities in High Arctic soil.', published in Frontiers in Microbiology</p> <p>All other corresponding data (for splitting libraries, environmental parameters etc.) can be found here: https://github.com/magdawutkowska/Dead_or_alive</p> <p> </p>
Irrigation water source matters: Saline groundwater irrigation lowers date palm root-associated fungal richness and alters their community patterns
<p>Saline groundwater irrigation is predominantly used for date palm (<em>Phoenix dactylifera</em>) cultivation in the arid regions of the Middle East and North Africa without knowing its impact on root-associated fungal (RAF) communities. We investigated the impact of irrigation water sources (freshwater <em>vs.</em> saline groundwater) on date palm RAF diversity, communities, and their assembly processes. Summarily, we show that water chemistry (pH and EC) mainly structures RAF communities, whereas water pH shapes saprotrophic and pathotrophic communities, and the higher abundance of saprotrophic RAF (i.e. <em>Acrocalymma vagum</em>) under saline groundwater irrigation, despite the higher importance of the drift process, indicates their potential role in nutrient cycling and plant growth promotion under saline conditions in arid agroecosystems.</p>
Fungal community composition and genetic potential regulate fine root decay in northern temperate forests
<p>Understanding how genetic differences among soil microorganisms regulate spatial patterns in litter decay remains a persistent challenge in ecology. Despite fine root litter accounting for ~50% of total litter production in forest ecosystems, far less is known about the microbial decay of fine roots relative to aboveground litter. Here, we evaluated whether fine root decay occurred more rapidly where fungal communities have a greater genetic potential for litter decay. Additionally, we tested if linkages between decay and fungal genes can be adequately captured by delineating saprotrophic and ectomycorrhizal fungal functional groups based on whether they have genes encoding certain ligninolytic class II peroxidase enzymes, which oxidize lignin and polyphenolic compounds. To address these ideas, we used a litterbag study paired with fungal DNA barcoding to characterize fine root decay rates and fungal community composition at the landscape scale in northern temperate forests, and we estimated the genetic potential of fungal communities for litter decay using publicly available genomes. Fine root decay occurred more rapidly where fungal communities had a greater genetic potential for decay, especially of cellulose and hemicellulose. Fine root decay was positively correlated with ligninolytic saprotrophic fungi and negatively correlated with ECM fungi with ligninolytic peroxidases, likely because these saprotrophic and ectomycorrhizal functional groups had the highest and lowest genetic potentials for plant cell wall degradation, respectively. These fungal variables overwhelmed direct environmental controls, suggesting fungal community composition and genetic variation are primary controls over fine root decay in temperate forests at regional scales.</p>
Data from: The spatial patterns of community composition, their environmental drivers and their spatial scale dependence vary markedly between fungal ecological guilds
<p><strong><span>Aim</span></strong></p> <p><span>How community composition varies in space and what governs the variation has been extensively investigated in macroorganisms. However, we have only limited knowledge for microorganisms, especially fungi, despite their ecological and economic significance. Based on previous research, we define and test a series of hypotheses regarding the composition of fungal communities, its most influential drivers and their spatial scale dependence. </span></p> <p><strong><span>Location</span></strong></p> <p><span>Czech Republic.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Time period</span></strong></p> <p><span>Present.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Taxa studied</span></strong></p> <p><span>Fungi.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Methods</span></strong></p> <p><span>We analyzed the distance decay relationships, community composition and its drivers (physical distance, litter and soil chemistry, tree composition, climate) in fungi, using multivariate analyses. We compared the results across three fungal ecological guilds (ectomycorrhizal fungi, saprotrophs and yeasts), two forest microhabitats (litter and bulk soil) and six spatial scales (from 5 m to 80 km) that comprehensively cover the Czech Republic.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Results</span></strong></p> <p><span>We found that, similar to macroorganisms, the ectomycorrhizal fungi and saprotrophs showed marked distance-decay relationships</span><span>,</span><span> and their community composition was driven mainly by vegetation and dispersal at local scales, but at regional scales, by environmental effects. In contrast, the third fungal guild, the unicellular yeasts, showed little distance decay, suggesting extraordinary spatial homogeneity, as often seen in microorganisms, such as bacteria.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Main conclusions</span></strong></p> <p><span>Our results underscore the remarkable variation in the community ecology of fungi, which seems to range well-known patterns both from the macro- and the microworld. Knowledge of these patterns advances our understanding of the ecology of fungi, rather understudied organisms of significant ecological and economic importance, which our findings identify as a potentially suitable model for bridging the gaps between the biogeography of micro- and macroorganisms. </span></p>
Data for: Environmental responses of fruiting fungal communities are phylogenetically structured
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Through their ephemeral reproductive structures (fruiting bodies), ectomycorrhizal forest soil fungi provide a resource for a plethora of organisms. Thus, resolving what biotic and abiotic factors determine the occurrence and abundance of fruiting bodies is fundamental for understanding the dynamics of forest trophic networks. While the influence of abiotic factors such as moisture and temperature on fungal fruiting are relatively well established, little is known about how these processes interact with the evolutionary history of fungal species to determine when, where, and in which abundance fungal fruiting bodies will emerge. A specific knowledge gap relates to whether species' responses to their environment are phylogenetically structured. Here, we ask whether related fungal taxa respond similarly to climatic factors and forest habitat characteristics, and whether such correlated responses will affect the assembly of fungal fruiting communities. To resolve these questions, we fitted joint species distribution models combining data on the species composition and abundance of fungal fruiting bodies, environmental variation, and phylogenetic relationships among fungal taxa. Our results show that both site-level forest characteristics (dominant tree species and forest age) and climatic factors related to phenology (effective heat sum) greatly influence the occurrence and abundance of fruiting bodies. More importantly, while different fungal species responded unequally to their shared environment, there was a strong <span>phylogenetic signal in their responses, so that related fungal species tended to fruit under similar environmental conditions. </span>Thus, not only are fruiting bodies short-lived and patchily distributed, but the availability of similar resources will be further aggregated in time and space. These strong constraints on resource availability for fungus-associated taxa highlight the potential of fungus-based networks as a model system for studies on the ecology and evolution of resource–consumer relations in ephemeral systems of high spatiotemporal patchiness.</span></p>
Data from: Fungal energy channeling sustains soil animal communities across forest types and regions
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Data from: A fungal endophyte alters poplar leaf chemistry, deters insect feeding, and shapes insect community assembly
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Different facets of bacterial and fungal communities drive soil multifunctionality in grasslands spanning a 3,500 km transect
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Long- and short-read metabarcoding technologies reveal similar spatio-temporal structures in fungal communities
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Raw data of the microarthropods and decomposition from: Effects of microarthropod density on soil fungal community composition in nutrient-poor ecosystems
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Data for: Environmental responses of fruiting fungal communities are phylogenetically structured
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Accounting for environmental variation in co‐occurrence modelling reveals the importance of positive interactions in root‐associated fungal communities
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Deciphering the interactions between plant species and their main fungal root pathogens in mixed grassland communities
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Simple attributes predict the value of plants as hosts to fungal and arthropod communities
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Data from: Peatland fungal community responses to nutrient enrichment: a story beyond nitrogen
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Canopy height and epiphytic bryophytes shape fungal communities in a temperate rainforest
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Data from: Fungal communities are important determinants of bacterial community composition in deadwood
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Fungal community composition and genetic potential regulate fine root decay in northern temperate forests
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Data from: The spatial patterns of community composition, their environmental drivers and their spatial scale dependence vary markedly between fungal ecological guilds
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