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114 results for “fungal diversity”
Prescribed fire is an effective restoration measure for increasing boreal fungal diversity
<p>Intensive forestry practices have had a negative impact on boreal forest biodiversity, subsequently, the need for restoration is pressing. Polypores (wood-inhabiting fungi) are key decomposers of dead-wood, but due to the lack of coarse woody debris (CWD) in forest ecosystems, many species are threatened. Here, we study the long-term effects on polypore diversity of two restoration treatments; creating CWD by felling whole trees and prescribed burning. This large-scale experiment is located in spruce-dominated boreal forests in southern Finland. The experiment has a factorial design (n=3) including three levels of created CWD (5, 30 and 60 m<sup>3</sup> ha<sup>-1</sup>) crossed with burning or no burning. In 2018, 16 years after the initiation, we inventoried polypores on ten experimentally cut logs and ten naturally fallen logs per stand. We found that overall polypore community composition differed between burned and unburned stands. However, only red-listed species' abundances and richness were positively affected by prescribed burning. We found no effects of CWD levels created mechanically by felling of trees. We show, for the first time, that prescribed burning is an effective measure for restoring polypore diversity in late-successional Norway spruce forest. Burning creates CWD with certain characteristics that differ from what is created by CWD-restoration by felling trees. Prescribed burning promotes primarily red-listed species, demonstrating its effectiveness as a restoration measure to promote diversity of threatened polypore species in boreal forest. However, as the CWD that the burning creates will decrease over time, to be functional, prescribed burns need to be applied regularly at the landscape scale. Large-scale and long-term experimental studies, such as this one, are invaluable for establishing evidence-based restoration strategies.</p>
Soil fungal communities contribute to the positive diversity-productivity relationship of tree communities under contrasting water availability
<p><span>Plant diversity has often been linked to increased productivity; however, this apparent diversity-productivity relationship may rely on inter-trophic interactions such as those between plants and soil microbes. Soil fungi can create complementarity between plant species via altered plant resource partitioning, facilitation via fungal networks, or biotic feedbacks, thereby promoting plant diversity-productivity relationships. Furthermore, these relationships are likely to be context-dependent in response to resource availability. </span></p> <p><span>We used a biodiversity-ecosystem function experiment with trees exposed to high and low water availability treatments to determine the contribution of soil fungal communities to the diversity-productivity relationship in tree communities. We used amplicon sequencing of soil fungi to assess fungal richness, community composition, and richness of functional guilds. We then applied structural equation modelling to determine relationships between tree diversity, fungal communities, and tree productivity and the role of water availability in these relationships.</span></p> <p><span>Tree species richness and functional diversity both increased above-ground tree productivity and influenced soil fungal community composition. Fungal community composition had a direct impact on tree productivity and enhanced net diversity effects on productivity. Therefore, fungal communities mediated a positive, indirect effect of tree richness on productivity. While total fungal richness was not associated with tree diversity, pathogen richness decreased and mycorrhizal richness increased with tree richness. Pathogen and mycorrhizal richness had either no impact or a weak negative effect on productivity. Tree species traits strongly affected fungal communities and these changes promoted productivity. Finally, water availability greatly influenced fungal communities but did not interact with tree diversity to affect productivity; indicating possible resilience of tree communities to altered precipitation regimes and associated changes in fungal communities.</span></p> <p><span>Synthesis: Our study highlights the crucial role that fungal communities play in shaping the relationship between tree diversity, traits, and productivity, and resilience to altered water availability. </span></p>
Soil fungal communities contribute to the positive diversity-productivity relationship of tree communities under contrasting water availability
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Data from: Links between plant and fungal diversity in habitat fragments of coastal shrubland
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Saprotrophic fungal diversity predicts ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity along the timberline in the framework of island biogeography theory
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Data from: Fungal and beetle diversity in deciduous fine woody debris in spruce-dominated forests in relation to substrate quantity and quality
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Fungal sporocarps house diverse and host-specific communities of fungicolous fungi
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Data from: A common ericoid shrub modulates the diversity and structure of fungal communities across an arbuscular to ectomycorrhizal tree dominance gradient
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Plant size-dependent influence of foliar fungal pathogens promotes diversity through allometric growth
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Data from: Discordance Down Under: Combining phylogenomics & fungal symbioses to detangle difficult nodes in a diverse tribe of Australian terrestrial orchids
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Large-scale fungal strain sequencing unravels the molecular diversity in mating loci maintained by long-term balancing selection
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Data from: Mast seeding in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is associated with reduced fungal sporocarp production and community diversity
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Prescribed fire is an effective restoration measure for increasing boreal fungal diversity
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Data from: Temperature variation, bacterial diversity, and fungal infection dynamics in the amphibian skin
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Data from: Higher fungal diversity is correlated with lower CO2 emissions from dead wood in a natural forest
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Fungal symbiont diversity drives growth of Holcus lanatus depending on soil nutrient availability
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Data from: Contrasting patterns of functional diversity in coffee root fungal communities associated with organic and conventionally-managed fields
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Data from: Soil fungal influence on the diversity-invasibility relationship depends on interacting species identities
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Data from: Bacterial and fungal growth on fungal necromass and its diverse components: shared profiles and divergent constraints revealed by high-throughput phenotyping
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eDNA metabarcoding reveals high soil fungal diversity and variation in community composition among Spanish cliffs
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.