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70 results for “gametophyte”
FIGURE 2 in A study of chromosome and gametophyte development in Pellaea connectens C. Chr.
FIGURE 2. Gametophyte development of Pellaea connectens. A: spore; B: rhizoid; C: filamentous prothallus; D: germinating filament; E: spatulate prothallus; F: asymmetrical prothallus; G: cordate and symmetric prothallus; H: irregular prothallus; I–J: antheridia (arrows identify antheridia); K: antheridial dehiscence (arrow identifies antheridium); L–M: archegonia (arrows identify archegonia); N: first juvenile leaf; O: young sporophytes.
FIGURE 1 in A study of chromosome and gametophyte development in Pellaea connectens C. Chr.
FIGURE 1. Mitotic metaphase and spores of Pellaea connectens. A–B: mitotic metaphase of root tip cells; C: mitotic metaphase of tender bud cells; D: the spores in a sporangium.
FIGURES 19‒34. Cheilolejeunea cuspidifera. 19. Gametophyte, ventral view. 20‒24. Leaf lobe apices. 25‒27. Underleaves. 28‒29. Lobules. 30. Lobule apex showing second and first teeth. 31 in Three new species of Cheilolejeunea (Spruce) Steph. (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) from northern Brazil
FIGURES 19‒34. Cheilolejeunea cuspidifera. 19. Gametophyte, ventral view. 20‒24. Leaf lobe apices. 25‒27. Underleaves. 28‒29. Lobules. 30. Lobule apex showing second and first teeth. 31. Marginal cells of the leaf lobules. 32. Laminal cells. 33. Stem in cross section. 34. Gynoecial branch with innovation (from holotype, Mário H.T. Araújo 1245).
FIGURES 11‒18. Cheilolejeunea caracariensis. 11. Gametophyte, ventral view. 12. Leaf lobe apex. 13. Underleaf and lobule. 14 in Three new species of Cheilolejeunea (Spruce) Steph. (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) from northern Brazil
FIGURES 11‒18. Cheilolejeunea caracariensis. 11. Gametophyte, ventral view. 12. Leaf lobe apex. 13. Underleaf and lobule. 14: Free margin of leaf lobule. 15. Leaf lobule apex. 16. Laminal cells. 17‒18. Stems in cross sections (from holotype, Mário H.T. Araújo 1217a).
FIGURES 1‒10. Cheilolejeunea aracaensis. 1. Gametophyte, ventral view. 2‒3 in Three new species of Cheilolejeunea (Spruce) Steph. (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) from northern Brazil
FIGURES 1‒10. Cheilolejeunea aracaensis. 1. Gametophyte, ventral view. 2‒3. Portion of gametophyte, ventral view. 4. Underleaf and lobule. 5‒6. Leaf lobules apices. 7. Laminal cells. 8: Stem in cross section. 9. Gynoecial branch with perianth, ventral view. 10: Androecial branch, ventral view (from holotype, C. Zartman 9686).
FIGURE 4. Megasporogenesis and female gametophyte development. A, T in Embryology of Myosoton and Stellaria and its taxonomic significance (Caryophyllaceae)
FIGURE 4. Megasporogenesis and female gametophyte development. A, T: Stellaria pallida; B–S: Stellaria media; A: Parietal cell and sporogenous cell; B: Anticlinal division of parietal cell; C: Periclinal division of sporogenous cell; D: Anticlinal division of sporogenous cell; E: Megasporocyte; F: Linear tetrad; G: Mononuclear embryo sac; H–I: 2-nucleate embryo sac; J: 4-nucleate embryo sac; K–L: 8- nucleate embryo sac; M–N: Mature embryo sac; O: The early stage of ovary; P: Ovary dissepiments degeneration; Q: Mature ovules; R: The micropyle is formed by the inner integument; S–T: The ovules are centrifugally throughout the placenta and supported by the long funiculus.
FIGURE 1. Sterile gametophyte characters. a. differentiated cortex, large stem drawn from Tylimanthus saccatus Engel 28427 in Molecular, morphological, and biogeographic perspectives on the classification of Acrobolboideae (Acrobolbaceae, Marchantiophyta)
FIGURE 1. Sterile gametophyte characters. a. differentiated cortex, large stem drawn from Tylimanthus saccatus Engel 28427 (LB185); b. undifferentiated cortex, small stem drawn from Marsupidium sp. Renner s.n. (LB203); c–d. leaf rhizoids: c. drawn from A. ciliatus Long 34895 (LB198); d. drawn from T. laxus Holz CR00-197 (LB162); e–h. leaf shapes: e. symmetrically bifid leaf drawn from A. wilsonii Long 39345 (LB144); f. asymmetrically bifid leaf drawn from T. flavicans Frey & Schaumann 01-372c; g. orbicular leaf drawn from Acrobolbus concinnus Renner 5251 (LB197); h. reniform leaf drawn from M. surculosum Engel 21271 (LB183); i. cell walls with trigones drawn from T. madeirensis Stech 04-509 (LB169); j. cell walls lacking trigones drawn from T. saccatus Engel 18427 (LB185); k–l. leaf surface papillae: k. welt-papillae drawn from A. ochrophyllus Engel 26633 (LB191); l. striate papillae drawn from T. urvilleanus Briscoe 1100; m. oil bodies drawn from T. urvilleanus Briscoe 1191.
FIGURE 1 in The genus Phyllophorella (Phyllophoraceae, Rhodophyta) on the central coast of Peru, range extensions and anatomical description of the female gametophyte and carposporophyte
FIGURE 1. Map of the central coast of Peru showing the collection localities and the type localities (Callao and Barranco) of the Phyllophorella species.
FIGURES 26–31 in The genus Phyllophorella (Phyllophoraceae, Rhodophyta) on the central coast of Peru, range extensions and anatomical description of the female gametophyte and carposporophyte
FIGURES 26–31. Phyllophorella humboldtiana, pre- and post-fertilization processes. Longitudinal sections of female gametophytic
FIGURES 4–8 in The genus Phyllophorella (Phyllophoraceae, Rhodophyta) on the central coast of Peru, range extensions and anatomical description of the female gametophyte and carposporophyte
FIGURES 4–8. Habit of tetrasporophytic specimens of Phyllophorella peruviana from the central coast of Peru. 4. 05-001465-2 (Ancón). 5. 05-000510 (Paracas). 6. NAM-221(a) (Pucusana). 7. 05-001784(a) (Marcona). 8. 05-001543-1 (Paracas). Bar = 5 cm.
FIGURES 32–37 in The genus Phyllophorella (Phyllophoraceae, Rhodophyta) on the central coast of Peru, range extensions and anatomical description of the female gametophyte and carposporophyte
FIGURES 32–37. Phyllophorella humboldtiana, post-fertilization processes. Longitudinal sections of female gametophytic individuals (Marcona, 05-000725(a) and 05-000718(a)). 32. Gonimoblastic filaments (g) approaching transformed medullary cells. 33. Transformed medullary cells generating gonimoblastic filaments. 34. Gonimoblastic filaments covering part of the cystocarp. 35. Carposporangia among star-shaped medullary cells inside an immature cystocarp. 36. Mature cystocarp with groups of carpospores. 37. Detail of a mature cystocarp, showing star-shaped cells and carpospores. Bar = 50 μm (Figs 32, 33, 37) and Bar = 100 μm (Figs. 34–36).
FIGURE 3 in The genus Phyllophorella (Phyllophoraceae, Rhodophyta) on the central coast of Peru, range extensions and anatomical description of the female gametophyte and carposporophyte
FIGURE 3. Phylogenetic tree inferred in RAxML from the analysis of COI sequences from Phyllophorella species and other sequences from the family Phyllophoraceae, including Phyllophora crispa (type). The numbers indicate bootstrap values ML (≥50) over the branches and PP (≥0.5) below the branches. * signals total support, ♀ represents female gametophyte.
FIGURE 2 in The genus Phyllophorella (Phyllophoraceae, Rhodophyta) on the central coast of Peru, range extensions and anatomical description of the female gametophyte and carposporophyte
FIGURE 2. Phylogenetic tree inferred in RAxML from the analysis of rbcL sequences from Phyllophorella species and other sequences from the family Phyllophoraceae, including Phyllophora crispa (type). The numbers indicate bootstrap values ML (≥50) over the branches and PP (≥0.5) below the branches. * signals total support, ♀ represents female gametophyte.
FIGURES 14–25 in The genus Phyllophorella (Phyllophoraceae, Rhodophyta) on the central coast of Peru, range extensions and anatomical description of the female gametophyte and carposporophyte
FIGURES 14–25. Comparison of habit and asexual reproductive structures (tetrasporangia) of Phyllophorella peruviana and P. humboldtiana from the central coast of Peru. 14/20. Habit of tetrasporophyte of P. peruviana, 05-001784(a)/Habit of tetrasporophyte of P. humboldtiana, 05-000327 (Bar = 5 cm). 15/21. Extended circular sori along the frond/Extended irregular sori along the frond (Bar = 5 mm). 16/22. Closeup showing defined protuberant nemathecial sori/Irregular protuberant sori (Bar = 1 mm). 17/23. Cross sections of a circular sorus/Continuous sori (Barra = 100 μm). 18/24. Cross sections showing chains of tetrasporangia (Barra = 100 μm). 19/25. Cross sections showing chains of tetraspores (Barra = 20 μm).
FIGURES 9–13 in The genus Phyllophorella (Phyllophoraceae, Rhodophyta) on the central coast of Peru, range extensions and anatomical description of the female gametophyte and carposporophyte
FIGURES 9–13. Habit of tetrasporophytic and female gametophytic specimens of Phyllophorella humboldtiana from the central coast of Peru. 9. 05-000725(a) (Marcona, female gametophyte) with cystocarps (arrow). 10. 05-001378-1 (Marcona, female gametophyte) with cystocarps (arrow). 11. Closeup from previous figure showing cystocarps over the frond surface. 12. 05-000887 (Ancón, tetrasporophyte). 13. 05-001332(a) (Callao, tetrasporophyte). Bar = 5 cm (Figs 9, 10, 12, 13) and Bar = 5 mm (Fig. 11).
Reference population and gametophyte culture genotypes
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Data from: Breakdown of gametophytic self-incompatibility in subdivided populations
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Data from: No evidence for Fabaceae Gametophytic self-incompatibility being determined by Rosaceae, Solanaceae, and Plantaginaceae S-RNase lineage genes
Background: Fabaceae species are important in agronomy and livestock nourishment. They have a long breeding history, and most cultivars have lost self-incompatibility (SI), a genetic barrier to self-fertilization. Nevertheless, to improve legume crop breeding, crosses with wild SI relatives of the cultivated varieties are often performed. Therefore, it is fundamental to characterize Fabaceae SI system(s). We address the hypothesis of Fabaceae gametophytic (G)SI being RNase based, by recruiting the same S-RNase lineage gene of Rosaceae, Solanaceae or Plantaginaceae SI species. Results: To address if Fabaceae GSI is RNase based we first looked for the presence of SSK1 like genes (described only in species having RNase based GSI), in the Trifolium pratense, Medicago truncatula, Cicer arietinum, Glycine max, and Lupinus angustifolius genomes. Since we find these genes in Fabaceae species, we characterize the S-lineage T2-RNase genes in these genomes. Except for T. pratense, all species are self-compatible (SC). Nevertheless, in T. pratense, but also in M. truncatula and C. arietinum we identify S-RNase lineage genes that in phylogenetic analyses cluster with Pyrinae S-RNases. In M. truncatula and C. arietinum genomes, where large scaffolds are available, these sequences are surrounded by F-box genes that in phylogenetic analyses also cluster with S-pollen genes. In T. pratense the S-RNase lineage genes show, however, expression in tissues not involved in GSI. Moreover, levels of diversity are lower than those observed for other S-RNase genes. The M. truncatula and C. arietinum S-RNase and S-pollen like genes phylogenetically related to Pyrinae S-genes, are also expressed in tissues other than those involved in GSI. To address if other T2-RNases could be determining Fabaceae GSI, here we obtained a style with stigma transcriptome of Cytisus striatus, a species that shows significant difference on the percentage of pollen growth in self and cross-pollinations. Expression and polymorphism analyses of the C. striatus S-RNase like genes revealed that none of these genes, is the S-pistil gene. Conclusion: We find no evidence for Fabaceae GSI being determined by Rosaceae, Solanaceae, and Plantaginaceae S-RNase lineage genes. Since none of the C. striatus T2-RNase genes expressed in style with stigma is involved in GSI specificity, there is no evidence that T2-RNase lineage genes could be determining GSI in this species. Therefore, to characterize the Fabaceae S-pistil gene(s), expression analyses, levels of diversity, and segregation analyses in controlled crosses are needed for those genes showing high expression levels in the tissues where GSI occurs.
Metadata for bacterial MAGs from giant kelp gametophytes
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Data from: Genetic architecture of inbreeding depression and the maintenance of gametophytic self-incompatibility
Gametophytic self-incompatibility is a widespread genetic system, which enables hermaphroditic plants to avoid self-fertilization and mating with close relatives. Inbreeding depression is thought to be the major force maintaining self-incompatibility; however, inbreeding depression is a dynamical variable that depends in particular on the mating system. In this paper we use multilocus, individual based simulations to examine the co-evolution of self-incompatibility and inbreeding depression within finite populations. We focus on the conditions for the maintenance of self-incompatibility when self-compatible mutants are introduced in the population by recurrent mutation, and compare simulation results with predictions from an analytical model treating inbreeding depression as a fixed parameter (thereby neglecting effects of purging within the self-compatible sub-population). In agreement with previous models, we observe that the maintenance of self-incompatibility is associated with high inbreeding depression and is facilitated by high rates of self-pollination. Purging of deleterious mutations by self-compatible mutants has little effect on the spread of those mutants as long as most deleterious alleles have weak fitness effects: in this case, the genetic architecture of inbreeding depression has little effect on the maintenance of self-incompatibility. By contrast, purging may greatly enhance the spread of self-compatible mutants when deleterious alleles have strong fitness effects.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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