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59 results for “genetic biodiversity”
Figure 3b. from First record of Limnatis paluda (Hirudinida, Arhynchobdellida, Praobdellidae) from Kazakhstan, with comments on genetic diversity of Limnatis leeches - Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e5004 (27 April 2015) https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5004
Figure 3b. - Limnatispaluda (Tennent 1859) from Suygaty Valley, Kazakhstan, KUZ Z702. Abbreviations: np, nephridiopore. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.Figure 3a.dorsal view of somites I–VIII.Figure 3b.left lateral view of somites I–VIII.Figure 3c.ventral view of somites I–VIII. <br> left lateral view of somites I–VIII.
Figure 8b. from First record of Limnatis paluda (Hirudinida, Arhynchobdellida, Praobdellidae) from Kazakhstan, with comments on genetic diversity of Limnatis leeches - Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e5004 (27 April 2015) https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5004
Figure 8b. - Limnatispaluda (Tennent 1859) from Suygaty Valley, Kazakhstan, KUZ Z702. Abbreviations: cod, common oviduct; fg, female gonopore; od, oviduct; ov, ovisac; vg, vagina.Figure 8a.dorsal view of female reproductive system including positions of ganglia XII and XIII. Scale bar: 0.25 mm.Figure 8b.left lateral view of schematic drawing of female reproductive system. <br> left lateral view of schematic drawing of female reproductive system.
Figure 3a. from First record of Limnatis paluda (Hirudinida, Arhynchobdellida, Praobdellidae) from Kazakhstan, with comments on genetic diversity of Limnatis leeches - Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e5004 (27 April 2015) https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5004
Figure 3a. - Limnatispaluda (Tennent 1859) from Suygaty Valley, Kazakhstan, KUZ Z702. Abbreviations: np, nephridiopore. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.Figure 3a.dorsal view of somites I–VIII.Figure 3b.left lateral view of somites I–VIII.Figure 3c.ventral view of somites I–VIII. <br> dorsal view of somites I–VIII.
Figure 5a. from First record of Limnatis paluda (Hirudinida, Arhynchobdellida, Praobdellidae) from Kazakhstan, with comments on genetic diversity of Limnatis leeches - Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e5004 (27 April 2015) https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5004
Figure 5a. - Limnatispaluda (Tennent 1859) from Suygaty Valley, Kazakhstan, KUZ Z702. Abbreviations: an, anus; np, nephridiopore. Scale bars: 1 mm.Figure 5a.dorsal view of somites XXIII–XXVII and caudal sucker.Figure 5b.ventral view of somites XXIII and caudal sucker. <br> dorsal view of somites XXIII–XXVII and caudal sucker.
Figure 5b. from First record of Limnatis paluda (Hirudinida, Arhynchobdellida, Praobdellidae) from Kazakhstan, with comments on genetic diversity of Limnatis leeches - Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e5004 (27 April 2015) https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5004
Figure 5b. - Limnatispaluda (Tennent 1859) from Suygaty Valley, Kazakhstan, KUZ Z702. Abbreviations: an, anus; np, nephridiopore. Scale bars: 1 mm.Figure 5a.dorsal view of somites XXIII–XXVII and caudal sucker.Figure 5b.ventral view of somites XXIII and caudal sucker. <br> ventral view of somites XXIII and caudal sucker.
Figure 3c. from First record of Limnatis paluda (Hirudinida, Arhynchobdellida, Praobdellidae) from Kazakhstan, with comments on genetic diversity of Limnatis leeches - Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e5004 (27 April 2015) https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5004
Figure 3c. - Limnatispaluda (Tennent 1859) from Suygaty Valley, Kazakhstan, KUZ Z702. Abbreviations: np, nephridiopore. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.Figure 3a.dorsal view of somites I–VIII.Figure 3b.left lateral view of somites I–VIII.Figure 3c.ventral view of somites I–VIII. <br> ventral view of somites I–VIII.
Data from: Integrating otolith and genetic tools to reveal intraspecific biodiversity in a highly impacted salmon population
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Data from: Archipelago-wide survey of Philippine forest dragons (Agamidae: Gonocephalus): multilocus phylogeny uncovers unprecedented levels of genetic diversity in a biodiversity hotspot
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Data from: Losing cichlid fish biodiversity: genetic and morphological homogenization of tilapia following colonization by introduced species
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Data from: Identifying Key Biodiversity Areas based on distinct genetic diversity
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Data from: Latitudinal biodiversity gradients at three levels: linking species richness, population richness, and genetic diversity
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Up in the air: threats to Afromontane biodiversity from climate change and habitat loss revealed by genetic monitoring of the Ethiopian Highlands bat
<p>Whilst climate change is recognised as a major future threat to biodiversity, most species are currently threatened by extensive human-induced habitat loss, fragmentation and degradation. Tropical high altitude alpine and montane forest ecosystems and their biodiversity are particularly sensitive to temperature increases under climate change, but they are also subject to accelerated pressures from land conversion and degradation due to a growing human population. We studied the combined effects of anthropogenic land-use change, past and future climate changes and mountain range isolation on the endemic Ethiopian Highlands long-eared bat, <i>Plecotus balensis</i>, an understudied bat that is restricted to the remnant natural high altitude Afroalpine and Afromontane habitats. We integrated ecological niche modelling, landscape genetics and model-based inference to assess the genetic, geographic and demographic impacts of past and recent environmental changes. We show that mountain range isolation and historic climates shaped population structure and patterns of genetic variation, but recent anthropogenic land-use change and habitat degradation are associated with a severe population decline and loss of genetic diversity. Models predict that the suitable niche of this bat has been progressively shrinking since the last glaciation period. This study highlights threats to Afroalpine and Afromontane biodiversity, squeezed to higher altitudes under climate change while losing genetic diversity and suffering population declines due to anthropogenic land-use change. We conclude that the conservation of tropical montane biodiversity requires a holistic approach, using genetic, ecological and geographic information to understand the effects of environmental changes across temporal scales and simultaneously addressing the impacts of multiple threats.</p>
Data from: Effects of fire regime on the population genetics of natural pine stands, in Genetic structure of forest trees in biodiversity hotspots at different spatial scales (Ph.D. thesis).
The recurrence of wildfires is predicted to increase worldwide due to climate change, resulting in severe impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. We used simple sequence repeat (SSR) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers to examine the effects of fire regime on genetic diversity, demographic history and fine-scale spatial genetic structure (SGS) of Pinus pinaster and P. halepensis, two conifers with similar adaptations to fire in the eastern Iberian Peninsula. Stands growing under high (HiFi) or low (LoFi) frequency of crown fires had similar levels of genetic diversity and similar demographic history, with bottlenecks detected in all stands in both species. HiFi populations were not genetically depleted, suggesting that adaptations such as a diverse canopy seed bank due to serotinous cones, an early age of first flowering and high gene flow buffer against possible reductions of genetic diversity. Significantly stronger SGS at SNPs in HiFi than LoFi stands of P. halepensis suggested fire-related altered dispersal possibly combined with microenvironmental selection in this fire-sensitive "seeder" species. In contrast, SGS at SNP markers was unrelated to fire regime in P. pinaster. This could be a consequence of more pronounced fire-resistance in this species enabling some adults to survive fire, hence causing a lower dependence on post-fire regeneration. Our results highlight that the impact of fire differs in species with similar life-history traits. Therefore, species-specific studies are needed to understand the role of wildfires for the evolution of future forests
Genetic and species-level biodiversity patterns are linked by demography and ecological opportunity
<p>The processes that give rise to species richness gradients are not well understood, but may be linked to resource-based limits on the number of species a region can support. Ecological limits placed on regional species richness should also affect population demography, suggesting that these processes could also generate genetic diversity gradients. If true, we might better understand how broad-scale biodiversity patterns are formed by identifying the common causes of genetic diversity and species richness. We develop a hypothetical framework based on the consequences of regional variation in ecological limits set by resource availability and heterogeneity to simultaneously explain spatial patterns of species richness and neutral genetic diversity. Repurposing raw genotypic data spanning 38 mammal species sampled across 801 sites in North America, we show that estimates of genome-wide genetic diversity and species richness share spatial structure. Notably, species richness hotspots tend to harbor lower levels of within-species genetic variation. A structural equation model encompassing eco-evolutionary processes related to resource availability, habitat heterogeneity, and contemporary human disturbance supports the spatial patterns we detect. These results suggest broad-scale patterns of species richness and genetic diversity could both partly be caused by intraspecific demographic and evolutionary processes acting simultaneously across species.</p>
Supplementary material 1 from: Jażdżewska AM, Corbari L, Driskell A, Frutos I, Havermans C, Hendrycks E, Hughes L, Lörz A-N, Stransky B, Tandberg AHS, Vader W, Brix S (2018) A genetic fingerprint of Amphipoda from Icelandic waters – the baseline for further biodiversity and biogeography studies. In: Brix S, Lörz A-N, Stransky B, Svavarsson J (Eds) Amphipoda from the IceAGE-project (Icelandic marine Animals: Genetics and Ecology). ZooKeys 731: 55–73. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.731.19931
Table S1 : Explanation note: Amphipod and outgroup accession numbers in BOLD, GenBank and station data.
Data from: Genetic structure and demographic history of the endangered tree species Dysoxylum malabaricum (Meliaceae) in Western Ghats, India: implications for conservation in a biodiversity hotspot
The impact of fragmentation by human activities on genetic diversity of forest trees is an important concern in forest conservation, especially in tropical forests. Dysoxylum malabaricum (white cedar) is an economically important tree species, endemic to the Western Ghats, India, one of the world's eight most important biodiversity hotspots. As D. malabaricum is under pressure of disturbance and fragmentation together with overharvesting, conservation efforts are required in this species. In this study, range-wide genetic structure of twelve D. malabaricum populations was evaluated to assess the impact of human activities on genetic diversity and infer the species' evolutionary history, using both nuclear and chloroplast (cp) DNA simple sequence repeats (SSR). As genetic diversity and population structure did not differ among seedling, juvenile and adult age classes, reproductive success among the old-growth trees and long distance seed dispersal by hornbills were suggested to contribute to maintain genetic diversity. The fixation index (FIS) was significantly correlated with latitude, with a higher level of inbreeding in the northern populations, possibly reflecting a more severe ecosystem disturbance in those populations. Both nuclear and cpSSRs revealed northern and southern genetic groups with some discordance of their distributions; however, they did not correlate with any of the two geographic gaps known as genetic barriers to animals. Approximate Bayesian computation-based inference from nuclear SSRs suggested that population divergence occurred before the last glacial maximum. Finally we discussed the implications of these results, in particular the presence of a clear pattern of historical genetic subdivision, on conservation policies.
Data from: Post-fire response and genetic diversity in Erica coccinea: connecting population dynamics and diversification in a biodiversity hotspot
Understanding the proceses of biological diversification is a central topic in evolutionary biology. The South African Cape fynbos, one of the major plant biodiversity hotspots out of the tropics, has prompted several hypotheses about the causes of generation and maintenance of biodiversity. Fire has been traditionally invoked as a key element to explain high levels of biodiversity in highly speciose fynbos taxa, such as the genus Erica. In this study, we have implemented a microevolutionary approach to elucidate how plant-response to fire may contribute to explain high levels of diversification in Erica. By using microsatellite markers, we investigated the genetic background of seeder (fire-sensitive) and resprouter (fire-resistant) populations of the fynbos species Erica coccinea. We found higher within-population genetic diversity and higher among-population differentiation in seeder populations and interpreted these higher levels of genetic diversification as a consequence of the comparatively shorter generation times and faster population turnover in the seeder form of this species. Considering that genetic divergence among populations may be seen as the initial step to speciation, the parallelism between these results and the pattern of biodiversity at the genus level offers stimulating insights into understanding causes of speciation of the genus Erica in the Cape fynbos.
Data from: Post-fire response and genetic diversity in Erica coccinea: connecting population dynamics and diversification in a biodiversity hotspot
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Data from: Genetic diversity loss in a biodiversity hotspot: ancient DNA quantifies genetic decline and former connectivity in a critically endangered marsupial.
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Data from: The Near East as a cradle of biodiversity: a phylogeography of banded newts (genus Ommatotriton) reveals extensive inter- and intraspecific genetic differentiation
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.