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51 results for “geomorphology”
Data set - Island area and historical geomorphological dynamics shape multifaceted diversity of barrier island floras
<div> <p><span>The influence of island dynamics and characteristics on taxonomic diversity, particularly species richness, are well studied. Yet, our knowledge on the influence of island dynamics and characteristics on other facets of diversity, namely functional and phylogenetic diversity, is limited, constraining our understanding of assembly processes on islands (e.g., biogeographic history, dispersal and environmental filtering, and species interactions). Using barrier islands, a highly dynamic and so far, understudied island type, we investigate how multiple facets of vascular plant diversity (functional, phylogenetic and taxonomic diversity) are shaped by island geomorphology, modern and historic area, and habitat heterogeneity. In line with our expectation, historical dynamics in island geomorphology affected phylogenetic and taxonomic diversity via habitat heterogeneity. However, island area was the best predictor across all facets of diversity. Specifically, larger islands had higher functional and phylogenetic diversity than expected by chance while most of the smaller islands had lower diversity. The influence of area on functional diversity acted via habitat heterogeneity, with habitat heterogeneity influencing negatively functional diversity. Our results suggest that larger islands accumulate functionally and phylogenetically unique species. Further, results for functional diversity pointed towards potential area-heterogeneity trade-offs, with these trade-offs likely resulting from increased interspecific competition favoring a specific set of trait values (of stronger competitors), particularly on smaller islands. Together, these results demonstrate that going beyond taxonomic diversity contributes to identifying underlying processes shaping diversity-area relationships. </span></p> </div>
Dataset: Substantial organic and particulate nitrogen and phosphorus export from geomorphologically stable African tropical forest landscapes
<p>Raw chemical and stream data from the publication 'Substantial organic and particulate nitrogen and phosphorus export from geomophologically stable African tropical forest landscapes'. </p> <p>Data shows dissolved and particulate nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations of stream waters of two forested first order streams withing the Congo Basin. </p>
Dispersal and coastal geomorphology limit potential for mangrove range expansion under climate change
<p>Latitudinal range limits for mangroves on high-energy, wave-dominated coasts are controlled by geomorphological features and estuarine dynamics. Mangroves reach a southern global range limit along the South African coastline, but the distribution is patchy, with stands occurring in only 16% of the estuaries in the region. Yet, the persistence of forests planted >50 years ago beyond the natural distribution limit suggests that additional estuaries could support mangroves. Understanding regional drivers is necessary to inform global scale estimates for how this important ecosystem is predicted to respond to climate change.</p> <p>Here, we combine species distribution modeling (MaxEnt), Lagrangian particle tracking using an eddy- and tide-resolving numerical ocean model, and connectivity matrices, to identify suitable mangrove habitats at present, as well as under the IPCC RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 climate scenarios.</p> <p>Within the current South African distribution range (± 900 km), eight more estuaries were identified as suitable under contemporary conditions. When considering potential range extension (± 110 km), an additional 14 suitable estuaries were identified. Connectivity matrices suggest limited long-distance dispersal, stranding mostly at or near the release location, and a decreased probability of connectivity towards the range limit. Under both future climate scenarios, 30% of estuaries currently supporting mangroves are predicted to become unsuitable, while an additional six estuaries beyond the current distribution are predicted to become suitable. However, there is limited connectivity between these new sites and established forests.</p> <p><em>Synthesis</em>: This study shows that dispersal substantially limits mangrove distribution at the southern African range limit and highlights the importance of including this process in species distribution models. Ultimately, our results provide new insight for mangrove conservation and management at range limits that are not controlled predominantly by temperature, as it has been assumed that mangroves will largely expand to higher latitudes under climate change.</p>
Dataset from Osika and Jania (2024): Geomorphological and historical records of the surge-type behaviour of Hansbreen (Svalbard)
<h2>Geomorphological map of the terrestrial and submarine forefield of Hansbreen</h2> <p>This dataset contains shapefiles of geomorphological features in the terrestrial and submarine forefield of Hansbreen, a marine-terminating glacier in Hornsund (southern Spitsbergen, Svalbard), associated and described further in Osika and Jania (2024).</p> <p>Field investigation was conducted in 2021-2023. Mapping was performed in QGIS 3.22 using the WGS84/UTM33N spatial reference system and based on several datasets:</p> <ul> <li>a very high-resolution orthophotomap and DEM generated and published by Błaszczyk et al. (2022),</li> <li>bathymetric data generated and published by Błaszczyk et al. (2021) and from Kartverket.</li> </ul> <p>For detailed information about data sources used for mapping, see:</p> <p>Błaszczyk M and 12 others (2021) Factors controlling terminus position of Hansbreen, a tidewater glacier in Svalbard. J. Geophys. Res.: Earth Surf., 126(2), e2020JF005763 (doi: 10.1029/2020JF005763).</p> <p>Błaszczyk M, Laska M, Sivertsen A and Jawak SD (2022) Combined Use of Aerial Photogrammetry and Terrestrial Laser Scanning for Detecting Geomorphological Changes in Hornsund, Svalbard. Remote Sens., 14(3), 601. (doi: 10.3390/rs14030601).</p> <p> </p> <p><em>This work was funded by the National Science Centre of Poland (grant no. 2021/41/N/ST10/02070).</em></p> <p>Please cite the database alongside this resource: Osika A., Jania J., 2024: Geomorphological and historical records of the surge-type behaviour of Hansbreen (Svalbard). Annals of Glaciology 65, e31. doi:10.1017/aog.2024.32</p>
LPL30-A multilevel dataset of landform mapping and geomorphologic descriptors for the Loess Plateau of China
<p>LPL30</p>
Geomorphology variables predict fish assemblages for forested and endorheic rivers
<p>This dataset contains data from field collections described in the paper: "Shields, R., Pyron, M., Arsenault, E., Thorp, J., Minder, M., Artz, C., Costello, J., Otgonganbat, A., Mendsaikhan, B., Maasri., A. (2022) Geomorphology variables predict fish assemblages for forested and endorheic rivers. Ecology and Evolution. ECE-2021-08-01367". </p> <p>Stream fishes are restricted to specific environments with appropriate habitats for feeding and reproduction. Interactions between streams and surrounding landscapes influence the availability and type of fish habitat, nutrient concentrations, suspended solids, and substrate composition. Valley width and gradient are geomorphological variables that influence the frequency and intensity that a stream interacts with the surrounding landscape. For example, in constrained valleys, canyon walls are steeply-sloped and valleys are narrow, limiting the movement of water into riparian zones. Wide valleys have long, flat floodplains that are inundated with high discharge. We tested for differences in fish assemblages with geomorphology variation among streams in US and Mongolia montane forested and endorheic ecoregions. Montane rivers of Mongolia are pristine and have few invasive species, compared to montane rivers of the western US. Sites where we collected were defined as geomorphologically unique river segments (i.e., functional process zones; FPZs) using an automated ArcGIS-based tool. This tool extracts geomorphic variables at the valley and catchment scales and uses them to cluster stream segments based on their similarity. We collected a representative fish sample from replicates of FPZs. Then, we used constrained ordinations to determine if river geomorphology could predict fish assemblage variation. Our constrained ordination approach using geomorphology to predict fish assemblages resulted in significance using fish taxonomy and traits in several watersheds. The watersheds where constrained ordinations were not successful were next analyzed with unconstrained ordinations to examine patterns among fish taxonomy and traits with geomorphology variables. US and Mongolia montane river fish assemblages varied with geomorphology variables including river elevation, gradient, valley width, channel sinuosity, valley slope, and annual precipitation. These results provide evidence that fish assemblages respond similarly and strongly to geomorphic variables on two continents. We recommend increased conservation of river ecosystems of the US and Mongolia, to prevent further degradation.</p>
Dataset for "Discovery of a Geomorphological Analog to Martian Araneiforms in the Qaidam Basin, Tibetan Plateau"
<p>The numerical code and related data for the paper "Discovery of a Geomorphological Analog to Martian Araneiforms in the Qaidam Basin, Tibetan Plateau".</p>
Remote Sensing and Geomorphological Covariates and Labels of main Peruvian Glaciers
<p>Abstract: The Peruvian Glacier Classification Dataset is a comprehensive collection designed to facilitate research and analysis in the field of glaciology and remote sensing. Comprising a total of 9 rasterStacks, each representing distinct glacier regions within Peru, the dataset offers a rich set of 25 morphological and Landsat 8 derived covariates for in-depth study. These covariates have been meticulously selected to capture a wide range of features and characteristics associated with glaciers and their surrounding environments. Moreover, the dataset includes true labels indicating the classification of each pixel into Glacier and Non-Glacier classes, as determined by the National Inventory of 2017.</p> <p>Description: The Peruvian Glacier Classification Dataset presents a valuable resource for researchers, scientists, and practitioners interested in glacial dynamics, environmental monitoring, and geospatial analysis. Comprising 9 main glacier regions within Peru (Blanca, Central, Huallanca, Huayhuasha, Huaytapallana, Raura,Urubamba, Vilcabamba,Vilcanota), the dataset provides an extensive collection of covariates derived from both morphological features and Landsat 8 satellite imagery. These covariates have been processed and curated to offer comprehensive insights into the intricate nature of glaciers and their surroundings.</p> <p>Key Features:</p> <ol> <li> <p>Morphological Covariates: The dataset encompasses a diverse array of morphological features extracted from high-resolution elevation data calculated with SAGA GIS. </p> </li> <li> <p>Landsat 8 Derived Covariates: Landsat Covariates corresponding to the period 2017–2018 obtained from Landsat Collection 2 Level 2 and Tier 1 surface reflectance (SR) products (Vermote et al., 2016) available online: https://www.usgs.gov/landsat-missions/landsat-collection-2-surface-reflectance (accessed on 1 July 2023). procesing with GoogleEarth Engine study. https://code.earthengine.google.com/fea31b7f2a3fdbc1065644616819134a. This includes the following covariates: BLUE, GREEN, RED, NIR, SWIR1, SWIR2, NDFI, ndsi, ndvi, NDWI , NDWIns, NDSInw, nbr2, VNSIR, NDMI, TCG .</p> </li> <li> <p>True Labels: Ground truth information is provided through accurate classification labels for each pixel, classifying it as either belonging to the Glacier or Non-Glacier class. These labels are based on the authoritative National Inventory of 2017, enhancing the reliability and usability of the dataset.</p> </li> </ol>
A Multi-algorithm Approach for Modeling Coastal Wetland Eco-geomorphology
<p>This dataset includes the input data for MACES to run simulations on three representative coastal wetland sites: two saltmarsh wetland (Venice Lagoon and Plum Island Estuary) and a mangrove wetland (Hunter Estuary).</p>
Data from: How temporal patterns in rainfall determine the geomorphology and carbon fluxes of tropical peatlands
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Dispersal and coastal geomorphology limit potential for mangrove range expansion under climate change
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Geomorphology variables predict fish assemblages for forested and endorheic rivers
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Data set - Island area and historical geomorphological dynamics shape multifaceted diversity of barrier island floras
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Permafrost soil database with information on site, topography, geomorphology, hydrology, soil stratigraphy, soil carbon, ground ice isotopes, and vegetation at thermokarst features near Toolik and Noatak River, 2009-2013
This database contains soil and permafrost stratigraphy associated with thermokarst features near Toolik Lake and the Noatak River collected by Torre Jorgenson and Andrew Balser during summers 2009-2011. The Access Database has main data tables (tbl_) for site (environmental), soil stratigraphy, soil physical data, soil chemical data, soil isotopes (ground ice), soil radiocarbon dates, topography and bathymetry, and vegetation cover. The site data includes information of location, observers, geomorphology, topography, hydrology, soil summary characteristics, pH and EC, soil classification, and vegetation cover by species. Soil stratigrapy has information on soil texture and ground ice. Soil physical and chemical data includes lab data on bulk density, moisture, carbon, and nitrogen. The database has 37 reference tables (REF_) that have codes and descriptions for variables used in site, soil stratigraphy, and vegetation cover tables.
Data from: Contribution of small isolated habitats in creating refuges from biological invasions along a geomorphological gradient of floodplain waterbodies
<p>1. Habitat fragmentation, which involves habitat size reduction and isolation, is a major cause of biodiversity decline. However, interest in small isolated habitats has increased among ecosystem managers because these fragments can serve as remnant refuges for unique and/or endangered species in human-altered landscapes.</p> <p>2. In a fragmented floodplain of northern Japan, we demonstrate how habitat fragmentation and habitat quality shape the refuges for a unique endangered minnow (Rhynchocypris percnurus sachalinensis) from biological invasions. We focused on two invasive minnows, topmouth gudgeon (Pseudorasbora parva) and rosy bitterling (Rhodeus ocellatus ocellatus), which are the dominant invasive species. By using a graph theoretical approach and structural equation modeling, we elucidated the relationships among habitat fragmentation, habitat quality and the abundance of invasive minnows with the endangered swamp minnow.</p> <p>3. We found that the invasion of topmouth gudgeon, which has a high mobility and environmental tolerance, negatively affected swamp minnow populations. The invasive species may outcompete the native species in their overlapping trophic niche.</p> <p>4. Analyses indicated that habitat fragmentation (decreasing habitat size and connectivity) indirectly and positively affected the population abundance of swamp minnow by reducing the potential for invasion by topmouth gudgeon. We further found an interaction between the indirect effects of habitat fragmentation and local habitat quality: the indirect effects became more apparent in the relatively deeper habitats that were of better quality for natives. This result was likely attributed to the strong control effect of the abiotic stressor. Interspecific competition between the two minnows would be masked in shallow ponds because the native populations are primarily restricted by the abiotic factor, and its abundance is inherently limited regardless of pressure by invaders.</p> <p>5. In fragmented landscapes, evenly conserving all small fragments within a limited budget is difficult. The change in importance of small isolated ponds across a pond-depth gradient suggests that conservation priorities for small fragments should be established by considering local habitat quality. Our findings do not justify habitat fragmentation but suggest that both landscape-scale and local-scale perspectives synergistically aid in the management of biological invasions in modified habitat networks.</p>
Data from: Multilocus phylogeography of a widespread savanna-woodland adapted rodent reveals the influence of Pleistocene geomorphology and climate change in Africa's Zambezi region
Understanding historical influences of climate and physiographic barriers in shaping patterns of biodiversity remains limited for many regions of the world. For mammals of continental Africa, phylogeographic studies, particularly for West African lineages, implicate both geographic barriers and climate oscillations in shaping small mammal diversity. In contrast, studies for southern African species have revealed conflicting phylogenetic patterns for how mammalian lineages respond to both climate change and geologic events such as river formation, especially during the Pleistocene. However, these studies were often biased by limited geographic sampling or exclusively focused on large-bodied taxa. We exploited the broad southern African distribution of a savanna–woodland-adapted African rodent, Gerbilliscus leucogaster (bushveld gerbil) and generated mitochondrial, autosomal and sex chromosome data to quantify regional signatures of climatic and vicariant biogeographic phenomena. Results indicate the most recent common ancestor for all G. leucogaster lineages occurred during the early Pleistocene. We documented six divergent mitochondrial lineages that diverged ~0.270–0.100 mya, each of which was geographically isolated during periods characterized by alterations to the course of the Zambezi River and its tributaries as well as regional 'megadroughts'. Results demonstrate the presence of a widespread lineage exhibiting demographic expansion ~0.065–0.035 mya, a time that coincides with savanna–woodland expansion across southern Africa. A multilocus autosomal perspective revealed the influence of the Kafue River as a current barrier to gene flow and regions of secondary contact among divergent mitochondrial lineages. Our results demonstrate the importance of both climatic fluctuations and physiographic vicariance in shaping the distribution of southern African biodiversity.
Bathymetric and terrain digital model (representative of the geomorphological reference condition) of the river-floodplain system corresponding to the Douro reach between Toro and Zamora (Castilla y León).
<p>Digitally edited digital model to represent the previous geomorphological situation in the Toro-Zamora section.</p>
The role of tropical cyclone on Changjiang River subaqueous delta geomorphology: a numerical investigation of Tropical Cyclone Danas (2019)
<p>ecs_mesh: Model domain used for numerical simulation in Matlab data format.</p> <p>Variable description of ecs_mesh.mat:</p> <p>nodex/nodey: Longitude/Latitude of the vertices of the triangles</p> <p>cellx/celly: Longitude/Latitude of the faces of the triangles</p> <p>nodeh: Bathymetry of the vertices</p> <p>nv: Vertices composition of the triangles</p> <p> </p> <p>model_result_baroclinic: Used FVCOM model output from 2019-07-01 to 2019-08-01 in Matlab data format.</p> <p>Variable description of model_result_baroclinic.mat:</p> <p>SSC: Total suspended sediment concentration of all sediment classes, units: g/L</p> <p>deposition_flux: Deposition flux of suspended sediment, units: kg/m^2/h</p> <p>divergence_sed_flux: depth-integrated divergence of sediment flux, units: kg/m^2/h</p> <p>erosion_flux: Erosion flux of sea-bed surface sediment, units: kg/m^2/h</p> <p>salinity: sea water salinity, units: psu</p> <p>taub: Total bed stress, units: Pa</p> <p>time_model: Time of the results, time zone: LST</p> <p>u: Eastward water velocity, units: m/s</p> <p>v: Northward water velocity, units: m/s</p> <p>zeta: Water surface elevation</p> <p> </p> <p>model_verify: Bed elevation data from ADV, wave parameters from buoy, and bottom suspended sediment concentration from OBS in Matlab data format.</p> <p>Variable description of model_verify.mat:</p> <p>ADV_BEC_xx: Bed Elevation measurement from ADV at Station xx, units: mm</p> <p>ADV_time_xx: Measurement time of bed elevation of ADV at Station xx, time zone: LST</p> <p>Buoy_hs_S1: Significant wave height measurement from Buoy at Station S1, units: m</p> <p>Buoy_time_S1: Measurement time of Buoy at Station S1, time zone: LST</p> <p>Buoy_tpeak_S1: Peak wave period measurement from Buoy at Station S1, units: s</p> <p>OBS_SSC_S1: Suspended sediment concentration measurement from OBS at Station S1, units: g/L</p> <p>OBS_time_S1: Measurement time of OBS at Station S1, time zone: LST</p> <p>tauc_mtke_S1: In-situ bottom shear stress calculated from turbulence kinetic energy method, units: Pa</p> <p>time_mtke_S1: Time of calculated bottom shear stress, time zone: LST</p> <p>time_wind: Time of surface wind at S1 from CFSv2 model from 2019-06-01 to 2019-08-01 time zone: LST</p> <p>u_wind: Eastward velocity of surface wind at S1 from CFSv2 model, units: m/s</p> <p>v_wind: Northward velocity of surface wind at S1 from CFSv2 model, units: m/s</p>
Geomorphological Patterns in a Megaripple Field in China's Qaidam Basin and Their Implications for Megaripple Development
<p>The morphological parameters and grain-size distribution data of megaripples are presented, along with the R code utilized for data processing and visualization.</p>
Data from: Multilocus phylogeography of a widespread savanna-woodland adapted rodent reveals the influence of Pleistocene geomorphology and climate change in Africa’s Zambezi region
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.