Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
1,418
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.7.1
Dataset results
1,418 results for “grass”
Grass exposure, mesquite height, and plant greenness at a Jornada Basin LTER sand-sheet site, July and September 2019
Two large wind storms in March and April, 2019 caused severe erosion and exposed the roots of many grass patches in the wind-erodible "sand sheet" of the Jornada LTER. These data are from these wind-affected areas. Field transect measurements of grass cover (line-point intercept, grass plants with exposed roots (1-m belt transect), grass plants with green shoots (1-m belt transect), mesquite (PRGL) height (maximum height of cord on transect for each individual) for 18 transects in the sandy loam "sand sheet" geomorphic surface of Jornada. Also included are histograms of UAV-based measurements of green chromatic coordinate (GCC) and grass patch size (cm2) for individual grass patches within each 1-m belt transect.
Density-dependent demography of creosote bush (Larrea tridentata) along grass-shrub ecotones.
The encroachment of woody plants into grasslands is a global phenomenon with implications for biodiversity and ecosystem function. Understanding and predicting the pace of expansion and the underlying processes that control it are key challenges in the study and management of woody encroachment. Theory from spatial population biology predicts that the occurrence and speed of population expansion should depend sensitively on the nature of conspecific density dependence. If fitness is maximized at the low-density encroachment edge then shrub expansion should be "pulled" forward. However, encroaching shrubs have been shown to exhibit positive feedbacks, whereby shrub establishment modifies the environment in ways that facilitate further shrub recruitment and survival. In this case there may be a fitness cost to shrubs at low density causing expansion to be "pushed" from behind the leading edge. We studied the spatial dynamics of creosotebush (Larrea tridentata), which has a history of encroachment into Chihuahuan Desert grasslands over the past century. We used demographic data from observational censuses and seedling transplant experiments to test the strength and direction of density dependence in shrub fitness along a gradient of shrub density at the grass-shrub ecotone. We also used seed-drop experiments and wind data to construct a mechanistic seed dispersal kernel, then connected demography and dispersal data within a spatial integral projection model (SIPM) to predict the dynamics of shrub expansion. The SIPM predicted that, contrary to expectations based on potential for positive feedbacks, the shrub encroachment wave is "pulled" by maximum fitness at the low-density front. However, the predicted pace of expansion was strikingly slow (ca. 8 cm/yr), and this prediction was supported by independent re-surveys of the ecotone showing little to no change in spatial extent of shrub cover over 12 years. Encroachment speed was acutely sensitive to seedling recruitment,
Supplementary dataset to "Draft genome assembly of the biofuel grass crop Miscanthus sacchariflorus"
<p><em>Miscanthus sacchariflorus</em> (Maxim.) Hack. is a C4 perennial rhizomatous biofuel grass crop. <em>M. sacchariflorus</em> is among the most widely distributed species within the genus, particularly at cold northern latitudes, and one of the progenitor species of the main biomass commercial crop <em>M. × giganteus</em>. We generated a 2.54 Gbps whole-genome assembly of the diploid <em>M. sacchariflorus</em> “Robustus 297” genotype, which represented ~59% of the expected genome size. We later anchored this assembly in the chromosomal-scale <em>M. sinensis</em> genome to improve its contiguity. We annotated 86,767 and 69,049 protein-coding genes in the unanchored and anchored, respectively. We estimated our assemblies include ~85% of the <em>M. sacchariflorus</em> genes based on homology, core markers and RNA-seq alignments stats. Raw data and further metadata are available under Bioproject PRJNA435476.</p> <ul> <li>Msac_v2.fasta: Unanchored whole-genome assembly (WGA) of M. sacchariflorus in FASTA format.</li> <li>Msac_v3.fasta: The previous WGA re-scaffolded with the M. sinensis public reference.</li> <li>Msac_v3.agp: Chromosomal position in the M. sinensis reference of the previous scaffolds in Msac_v3.fasta</li> <li>Msac_v2.gff3: Gene annotation of the unanchored WGA in GFF3 format, which contains 86,767 coding genes</li> <li>Msac_v3.gff3: Gene annotation of the anchored WGA in GFF3 format, which contains 69,049 coding genes</li> <li>Msac_v2.func_annot.tsv: Text table containing the functional annotation of the 86,767 coding genes in Msac_v2.gff3</li> <li>Msac_v2.repeats_annotation.gff3: Repeats annotation (Repeatmasker) of the unanchored reference.</li> <li>Msac_v2.masked.fasta.gz: Repeats-masked version (Repeatmasker) of Msac_v2.fasta</li> <li>all.satsuma.blocks_Msac_v2-vs-Msin.gz: Every alignment from scaffolds in Msac_v3.fasta into M. sinensis reference</li> <li>Msac_v2.orthology_Msin.tsv: Ortologous between Msac_v2 and M. sinensis</li> <li>Msac_v3-vs-Msin.tsv: Ortologous between Msac_v3 and M. sinensis</li> </ul>
Data from: Synergistic effects of grass competition and insect herbivory on the weed Rumex obtusifolius in an inundative biocontrol approach
<p>Data are from a field experiment to test for synergistic interactions between grass competition and herbivory on <i>Rumex obtusifolius</i>, a prominent weed in temperate grasslands worldwide.</p><p><i>Rumex obtusifolius</i> was grown in the presence and absence of competition from the grass <i>Lolium perenne</i> and subjected to herbivory through targeted inoculation with root-boring <i>Pyropteron</i> spp.</p><p>To explore whether the interactive effects of competition and herbivory were size-dependent, <i>R. obtusifolius</i> was planted covering a large range of plant sizes found in managed grasslands.</p><p>The experimental layout followed a split-split plot design. Main-level factor was <i>L. perenne</i> competition, split-level factor was herbivory application, split-split-level factor was initial root mass of <i>R. obtusifolius</i>. Main-plots were arranged according to a randomized complete block design on the site (8 blocks, each containing a <i>L. perenne</i> competition and a no competition treatment).</p>
First spectral Reflectance Dataset of Equisetum hyemale (Snake grass) Invasive Alien Plant
<p><em><span>This repository contains the first spectral reflectance dataset of <span>snakegrass</span> (Equisetum hyemale) invasive alien species recorded in South Africa. Spectral reflectance measurements were collected under lab conditions using the Spectral Evolution PSR-300 full-range spectrometer. Spectral pre-processing was performed in R statistical software to remove noisy spectra and regions and perform averaging per sample (code accessible: https://github.com/mkganyago/SpectralEvolutionFileReader).<br></span></em></p>
A time series database of available P concentrations and grass growth in soils receiving DPW fertilizers
<p>This data set contains a time-series database of available and exchangeable P concentrations and grass dry matter yield in soils receiving struvites and hydrochar produced from DPS</p>
African Savanna grasses outperform trees across the full spectrum of soil moisture availability
<p>Summary</p> <ul> <li>Models of tree-grass coexistence in savannas make different assumptions about the relative performance of trees and grasses under wet vs. dry conditions. We quantified transpiration and drought tolerance traits in 26 tree and 19 grass species from the African savanna biome across a gradient of soil water potentials to test for a tradeoff between water use under wet conditions and drought tolerance.</li> <li>We measured whole-plant hourly transpiration in a growth chamber and quantified drought tolerance using leaf osmotic potential (Ψ<sub>osm</sub>). We also quantified whole-plant water use efficiency (WUE) and relative growth rate (RGR) under well-watered conditions.</li> <li>Grasses transpired twice as much as trees on a leaf-mass basis across all soil water potentials. Grasses also had a lower Ψ<sub>osm</sub> than trees, indicating higher drought tolerance in the former. Higher grass transpiration and WUE combined to largely explain the threefold RGR advantage in grasses.</li> <li>Our results suggest that grasses outperform trees under a wide range of conditions, and that there is no evidence for a trade-off in water use patterns in wet vs. dry soils. This work will help inform mechanistic models of water use in savanna ecosystems, providing much-needed whole-plant parameter estimates for African species.</li> </ul>
Data for “Herbivory damage but not plant disease under experimental warming is dependent on weather for three subalpine grass species”, Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Gothic, Colorado, 2015-2017.
Both theory and prior studies predict that climate warming should increase attack rates by herbivores and pathogens on plants. However, past work has often assumed that variation in abiotic conditions other than temperature (e.g., precipitation) do not alter warming responses of plant damage by natural enemies. Studies over short time periods span low variation in weather, and studies over long-time scales often neglect to account for fine-scale weather conditions. Here, we used a 20+ year field warming experiment to investigate if warming affects herbivory and disease are dependent on variation in ambient weather observed over three years. We studied three common grass species in a subalpine meadow in the Colorado Rocky Mountains, USA. We visually estimated herbivory and disease every two-weeks during the growing season and evaluated weather conditions during the previous two- or four-week time interval (two-week average air temperature, two- and four-week cumulative precipitation) as predictors of the probability and amount of damage. Herbivore attack was 13% more likely and amount of damage was 29% greater in warmed plots than controls across the focal species, but warming treatment had little affect on plant disease. Herbivory presence and damage increased the most with experimental warming when preceded by wetter, rather than drier, fine-scale weather, but preceding ambient temperature did not strongly interact with elevated warming to influence herbivory. Disease presence and damage increased, on average, with warmer weather and more precipitation regardless of warming. The effect of warming over reference climate on herbivore damage is dependent on and amplified by fine-scale weather variation, suggesting more boom-and-bust damage dynamics with increasing climate variability. However, the mean effect of regional climate change is likely reduced monsoon rainfall, for which we predict a reduction in insect herbivore damage. Plant disease was generally unrelated
Data and code from: A mixture of grass-legume cover crop species may ameliorate water stress in a changing climate, a greenhouse experiment at Dickinson College in Carlisle, PA, USA, 2021.
Data and R code associated with a greenhouse study investigating the influence of water stress on growth, root traits, and biomass of rye and crimson clover seedlings grown separately or together. Data were collected in the Dr. Inge P. Stafford Greenhouse of Dickinson College (Carlisle PA, USA) in June 2021.
Grass Yield Compilation from University of Wisconsin Extension Grass Variety Trials (1983-2016)
Beginning in 1983, the UW Madison Extension has been conducting yield trials of grass varieties annually to be published in UW Extension Publication A1525. These trials are conducted at several research stations in the state of Wisconsin: Arlington, Lancaster, Marshfield and Spooner Agricultural Stations. Yield is collected for each grass variety at each cutting. The work was started by Dr. Michael Casler and was continued by Dr. Daniel Undersander. In this data set, the individual grass varieties have been aggregated to species level. Yield is recorded as the average annual total for each species at each location planted in a given year, in tons/acre. Grass species included are: bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), festulolium (Festulolium braunii K.A.), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), meadow bromegrass (Bromus riparius Rehmann), meadow fescue [Schedonorus pratensis (Huds.) P. Beauv], orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), quackgrass (Elymus repens L.), reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.), smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.), tall fescue [Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbysh], and timothy (Phleum pratense L.).
Data for 'Weak latitudinal gradients in insect herbivory for dominant rangeland grasses of North America'
Data for Kent et al. Accepted manuscript in Ecology and Evolution, with abstract: Patterns of insect herbivory may follow predictable geographical gradients, with greater herbivory at low latitudes. However, biogeographic studies of insect herbivory often do not account for multiple abiotic factors (e.g. precipitation, soil nutrients) that could underlie gradients. We tested for latitudinal clines in insect herbivory as well as climatic, edaphic, and trait-based drivers of herbivory. We quantified herbivory on five dominant grass species over 23 sites across the Great Plains, USA. We examined the importance of climate, edaphic factors, and traits as correlates of herbivory. Herbivory increased at low latitudes when all grass species were analysed together and for two grass species individually, while two other grasses trended in this direction. Higher precipitation was related to more herbivory for two species but less herbivory for a different species, while higher specific root length was related to more herbivory for one species and less herbivory for a different species. Taken together, results highlight that climate and trait-based correlates of herbivory can be highly contextual and species specific. Patterns of insect herbivory on dominant grasses supports the hypothesis that herbivory increases towards lower latitudes, though weakly, and indicates that climate change may have species-specific effects on plant-herbivore interactions.
Experiment on Competition and the Local Distribution of the Grass Stipa neomexicana, Arizona, 1979 - 1986
This dataset contains the results on an experiment whose aim was to determine whether competitive displacement accounted for a species' local distribution. Within a grassland in southern Arizona, Stipa neomexicana, a C3 grass, was found to occur only on dry ridge crests with low total grass cover, while total grass cover is greater below the ridge crests in moister, low—lying areas. It was hypothesized that Stipa neomexicana was limited to these dry ridges by competitive exclusion. This hypothesis was tested by removal experiments conducted at three positions along the topographic gradient. The responses of Stipa were compared with those of Aristida glauca and other neighboring grass species, all of which are C4 grasses (Stipa being the only C3 grass in that area). This experiment was carried out from 1980 to 1983, in a grassland near Sonoita, Santa Cruz County, Arizona, USA.
Native seedlings recorded on field plots with and without invasive buffel grass during the monsoon season of 2013 near Tucson, Arizona, USA
Although buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) invasions on several continents have significant ecological impacts, little information is available on its effect on seedling emergence and establishment of native vegetation. In highly impacted areas of the Sonoran Desert of North America, perennial plants are particularly vulnerable during their seedling stage. We studied the impact of buffel grass on the emergence and early survival of native seedlings in a field experiment. We marked out 2m x 2m field plots at three locations near Tucson, Arizona, with and without buffel grass. We removed the buffel grass from half of those with the invasion, and censused and marked native perennial seedlings that emerged in each plot for ten weeks during July-September (monsoon season) of 2013. Emergence and survival of native perennials in the field were both significantly higher where mature buffel grass was removed or had never invaded than where it remained. Our results highlight the need for more manipulative studies of density to improve mechanistic understanding of population dynamics, and to forecast how populations and communities will respond in the long term to perturbations such as invasion.
Emerging fungal pathogen of an invasive grass: Implications for competition with native plant species
This data package includes data and code from an experiment testing the effects of a leaf spot fungal infection and competition from the invasive (to the U.S.) grass Microstegium vimineum on the performance of three native grass species: Dichanthelium clandestinum, Elymus virginicus, and Eragrostis spectabilis. The experiment was performed between June and September of 2019 in a greenhouse on the University of Florida campus in Gainesville, FL, USA. The leaf spot infection is caused by the fungal pathogen Bipolaris gigantea, which has recently emerged on populations of M. vimineum in the U.S. We tested the hypothesis that infection of B. gigantea would both directly and indirectly affect the native grass species by measuring the change in biomass of each species with and without pathogen inoculation (direct effects) and by measuring the effect of pathogen inoculation on M. vimineum competition through changes in native grass biomass across a density gradient of M. vimneum (indirect effects). The code includes statistical analyses and figures. The code was run using R (version 4.0.1).
Mammalian herbivores restrict the altitudinal range limits of three alpine grass species (transplant and herbivore exclusion experiment and demographic data from natural populations), West Elk Mountains, Colorado, USA 2015-2018
Though rarely experimentally tested, biotic interactions have long been hypothesized to limit low-elevation range boundaries of species. We tested the effects of herbivory on three alpine-restricted plant species by transplanting plants below (novel), at the edge (limit), or in the center (core) of their current elevational range and factorially fencing-out above- and belowground mammals in the West Elk Mountains, Colorado, USA from 2015-2018. Herbivore damage was greater in range limit and novel habitats than in range cores. Exclosures increased plant biomass and reproduction more in novel habitats than in range cores, suggesting demographic costs of novel interactions with herbivores. We then used demographic models to project population growth rates, which increased 5-20% more under herbivore exclosure at range limit and novel sites than in core habitats. Our results identify mammalian herbivores as key drivers of the low-elevation range limits of alpine plants and indicate that upward encroachment of herbivores could trigger local extinctions by depressing plant population growth.
Perennial grass recovery following livestock overgazing and shrub removal: an experiment at the Jornada Experimental Range (Jornada Basin LTER), 1996-2016
The objective of this ongoing study is to determine the effect of cattle grazing and shrub removal on the decline and recovery of perennial grasses in a mesquite-invaded black grama grassland on sandy soils in the northern Chihuahuan Desert. The experiment was implemented as a randomized complete block with 3 levels of grazing (summer, winter, and control) and 2 levels of shrub treatment (shrub removal and control) in each of 3 replicate blocks. The 18 experimental units are 0.5 ha (70 x 70 m) exclosures constructed in a mesquite-invaded black grama grassland in the southwest portion of the Jornada Experimental Range in Dona Ana County, New Mexico, USA. Vegetation sampling was conducted with the line-point intercept method. Initial pre-treatment sampling occurred in 1996. Grazing treatments removed 65-80% of aboveground perennial grass biomass over 24-36 hour periods in each of four years from summer 1996 to winter 2000; shrub removal occurred during this time as well. No livestock grazing or shrub removal have occurred since 2000. Post-treatment sampling occurred in 2002, 2009, and 2016.
Drought and herbivory effects on woody plant seedling establishment and grass competition in the Jornada Basin, 2016-2018
This dataset contains observations of seedling establishment and grass competition under precipitation manipulations, and herbivory and granivory exclosure treatments, in the Chihuahuan desert of southern New Mexico, USA. The experiment took place at the Jornada Basin LTER site. We used a rainfall manipulation system and various herbivore exclosures in a factorial design, to test hypotheses about how precipitation (PPT), competition between grasses and shrub seedlings, and predation affect the germination and first-year survival of Mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa), a shrub that has encroached in Southern Great Plains and Chihuahuan Desert grasslands. Data collected in these files include seedling counts in each treatment over observation years 2016 to 2018. This data supports the related publication in Ecological Applications (Weber-Grullon et al. in press). The dataset is complete.
SRM01 ShRaMPs (Shrub Rainout Manipulation Plots): interactive effects of drought and fire on grass and shrub physiology and productivity at Konza Prairie
ShRaMPs (Shrub Rainout Manipulation Plots) is a drought x fire experiment aimed at understanding the interactive effects of drought and fire frequency on tallgrass prairie communities experiencing varying degrees of shrub encroachment. Passive rainout shelters were constructed over existing, mature shrub islands and co-existing herbaceous communities on neighboring 1-year and 4-year burn watersheds (K1B and K4A). Shelters were either 'control' (ambient precipitation) or 'drought' (~50% precipitation reduction). A variety of leaf-level (gas exchange, water potential, turgor loss point, leaf δ13C) and whole-plant level (herbaceous and shrub biomass, plant water uptake) variables were measured during the 2019-2022 growing seasons to determine the physiological responses of a dominant C4 grass (Andropogon gerardii; big bluestem) and an encroaching clonal shrub (Cornus drummondii; rough-leaf dogwood). Soil volumetric water content was measured on-site for the duration of the experiment.
Biomass and shoot densities of marsh grasses at hayed and reference sites for samples collected in June and early July 2000
Biomass and shoot densities of dominant marsh grasses at hayed and reference sites for samples collected in June and early July 2000 at hayed and reference marsh sites near Stackyard Rd. and Patmos Rd, Rowley, Massachusetts
2003 Prescribed Burn Effect on Chihuahuan Desert Grasses and Shrubs at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico: Grass Recovery Study (2003-2018)
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife's plan to apply a prescribed burn to a large portion of McKenzie Flats was deemed an opportunity to study the effects of fire on vegetation at the boundary between shrubland and grassland. This study actually was undertaken on an area that had prescribed fire applied to 8 of 16 (300 m x 300 m) plots 10 years before in 1993. This previous study had also examined the effects of fencing to exclude the indigenous prong-horn antelope. In the 2003 study the prescribed fire was applied to the northeastern half of the 16 plots while the southwestern plots were intentionally protected. Sampling prior to the prescribed burn included quantification of cover of grass species in quadrats within all of the 16 plots. Measurements were made using "niner" quadrat frames that are 30 cm x 30 cm frames that are divided into 9 1-decimeter squares. Counts of grass species were made just prior to the June 2003 burn. Following the prescribed burn, quadrats were remeasured in the fall of 2003 to quantify mortality of grass species. These measurements were taken through the fall of 2012 and the fall of 2018. Measurements were not taken for 2014-2017.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.