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67 results for “heat exposure”
Heat Stress Exposure Maps - Base Scenario 1986 - 2005: Berlin, Germany (Map-1)
<p>Heat Stress Exposure Maps - Base Scenario 1986 - 2005: Berlin, Germany</p> <p>Map-1 (zip.file) ref. to DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.45015</p> <p> </p>
Potential impacts of future warming and land use changes on intra-urban heat exposure in Houston Texas
<p>Extreme heat events in the United States are projected to become more frequent and intense as a result of climate change. We investigated the individual and combined effects of land use and warming on the spatial and temporal distribution of daily minimum temperature (T<sub>min</sub>) and daily maximum heat index (HI<sub>max</sub>) during summer in Houston, Texas. Present-day (2010) and near-future (2040) parcel-level land use scenarios were embedded within 1-km resolution land surface model (LSM) simulations. For each land use scenario, LSM simulations were conducted for climatic scenarios representative of both the present-day and near-future periods. LSM simulations assuming present-day climate but 2040 land use patterns led to spatially heterogeneous temperature changes characterized by warmer conditions over most areas, with summer average increases of up to 1.5°C (T<sub>min</sub>) and 7.3°C (HI<sub>max</sub>) in some newly developed suburban areas compared to simulations using 2010 land use patterns. LSM simulations assuming present-day land use but a 1°C temperature increase above the urban canopy (consistent with warming projections for 2040) yielded more spatially homogeneous metropolitan-wide average increases of about 1°C (T<sub>min</sub>) and 2.5°C (HI<sub>max</sub>), respectively. LSM simulations assuming both land use and warming for 2040 led to summer average increases of up to 2.5°C (T<sub>min</sub>) and 8.3°C (HI<sub>max</sub>), with the largest increases in areas projected to be converted to residential, industrial and mixed-use types. Our results suggest that urbanization and climate change may significantly increase the average number of summer days that exceed current threshold temperatures for initiating a heat advisory for metropolitan Houston, potentially increasing population exposure to extreme heat.</p>
Bibliometric data for Heat exposure - Soccer
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Effect of Sleep Debt on Neurophysiological Responses to Heat Exposure
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05181345. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Characterization of Myocardial Blood Flow During Heat Exposure
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04549974. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Using naturalistic incubation temperatures to demonstrate how variation in the timing and continuity of heat wave exposure influences phenotype
<p>Most organisms are exposed to bouts of warm temperatures during development, yet we know little about how variation in the timing and continuity of heat exposure influences biological processes. If heat waves increase in frequency and duration as predicted, it is necessary to understand how these bouts could affect thermally sensitive species, including reptiles with temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD). In a multi-year study using fluctuating temperatures, we exposed <i>Trachemys scripta</i> embryos to cooler, male-producing temperatures interspersed with warmer, female-producing temperatures (heat waves) that varied in either timing during development or continuity and then analyzed resulting sex ratios. We also quantified the expression of genes involved in testis differentiation (<i>Dmrt1</i>) and ovary differentiation (<i>Cyp19A1</i>) to determine how heat wave continuity affects the expression of genes involved in sexual differentiation. Heat waves applied during the middle of development produced significantly more females compared to heat waves that occurred just 7 days before or after this window, and even short gaps in the continuity of a heat wave decreased the production of females. Continuous heat exposure resulted in increased <i>Cyp19A1 </i>expression while discontinuous heat exposure failed to increase expression in either gene over a similar time course. We report that even small differences in the timing and continuity of heat waves can result in drastically different phenotypic outcomes. This strong effect of temperature occurred despite the fact that embryos were exposed to the same number of warm days during a short period of time, which highlights the need to study temperature effects under more ecologically relevant conditions where temperatures may be elevated for only a few days at a time. In the face of a changing climate, the finding that subtle shifts in temperature exposure result in substantial effects on embryonic development becomes even more critical.</p>
Data from: Paternal intergenerational epigenetic response to heat exposure in male Wild guinea pigs
Epigenetic modifications, of which DNA methylation is the best studied one, can convey environmental information through generations via parental germ lines. Past studies have focused on the maternal transmission of epigenetic information to the offspring of isogenic mice and rats in response to external changes, whereas heterogeneous wild mammals as well as paternal epigenetic effects have been widely neglected. In most wild mammal species, males are the dispersing sex and have to cope with differing habitats and thermal changes. As temperature is a major environmental factor we investigated if genetically heterogeneous Wild guinea pig (Cavia aperea) males can adapt epigenetically to an increase in temperature and if that response will be transmitted to the next generation(s). Five adult male guinea pigs (F0) were exposed to an increased ambient temperature for 2 months, i.e. the duration of spermatogenesis. We studied the liver (as the main thermoregulatory organ) of F0 fathers and F1 sons, and testes of F1 sons for paternal transmission of epigenetic modifications across generation(s). Reduced representation bisulphite sequencing revealed shared differentially methylated regions in annotated areas between F0 livers before and after heat treatment, and their sons' livers and testes, which indicated a general response with ecological relevance. Thus, paternal exposure to a temporally limited increased ambient temperature led to an 'immediate' and 'heritable' epigenetic response that may even be transmitted to the F2 generation. In the context of globally rising temperatures epigenetic mechanisms may become increasingly relevant for the survival of species.
Data from: Oxygen limitation is not the cause of death during lethal heat exposure in an insect
Oxygen- and capacity-limited thermal tolerance (OCLTT) is a controversial hypothesis claiming to explain variation in, and mechanistically determine, animal thermal limits. The lack of support from Insecta is typically argued to be a consequence of their high-performance respiratory systems. However, no studies have reported internal body oxygen levels during thermal ramping so it is unclear if changes in ambient gas are partially or fully offset by a compensatory respiratory system. Here we provide such an assessment by simultaneously recording haemolymph oxygen (pO2) levels – as an approximation of tissue oxygenation - while experimentally manipulating ambient oxygen and subjecting organisms to thermal extremes in a series of thermolimit respirometry experiments using pupae of the butterfly Pieris napi. The main results are that while P. napi undergo large changes in haemolymph pO2 that are positively correlated with experimental oxygen levels, haemolymph pO2 is similar pre- and post-death during thermal assays. OCLTT predicts that reduction in body oxygen level should lead to a reduction in CTmax. Despite finding the former, there was no change in CTmax across a wide range of body oxygen levels. Thus, we argue that oxygen availability is not a functional determinant of the upper thermal limits in pupae of P. napi.
3-Monochloropropandiol and Glycidyl Esters in Heat-Processed Oil-Based Food Products: Exposure and Risk
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Limitations of plant stress tolerance upon heat and CO2 exposure in black ploplar: Assessment of photosynthetic traits and stress volatile emissions
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Heat hardening improves thermal tolerance in abalone, without the trade-offs associated with exposure to chronic elevated temperature
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Heat exposure variations and mitigation in a densely populated neighborhood during a hot day: Towards a people-oriented approach to urban climate management
<p>Archive with PALM simulation results.</p>
Effect of Heat Exposure on Cognition in Persons With Tetraplegia
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02488824. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Changes in Biomarker of Exposure in Adults Who Smoke Cigarettes Switching From Cigarettes to Heated Tobacco Products
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06179290. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Assessment of the Effects of Acute Exposure to Cold and Heat on Appetite
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06809296. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 0. Publications: 6.
Reduced Exposure Study in Smokers Using the Tobacco Heating System 2.2 (THS 2.2) for 5 Days in a Confinement Setting
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01970982. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Data from: Paternal intergenerational epigenetic response to heat exposure in male Wild guinea pigs
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Data from: Oxygen limitation is not the cause of death during lethal heat exposure in an insect
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Using naturalistic incubation temperatures to demonstrate how variation in the timing and continuity of heat wave exposure influences phenotype
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Changes in transcript expression in circulating whole blood resulting from exposure to neurotoxic doses of D-amphetamine or Heat Stroke/Hyperthermia
GEO Series GSE64778. Rattus norvegicus. 64 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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