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803 results for “hippocampal”
Data from: Distinct catecholaminergic pathways projecting to hippocampal CA1 transmit contrasting signals during navigation in familiar and novel environments
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Data from: Traces of phylogeny and ecology in hippocampal neuron numbers
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Raw data obtained from multi-electrode electrophysiological recordings of hippocampal slices
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Data from: Hippocampal sequences represent working memory and implicit timing
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Data from: Whole-brain spatial organization of hippocampal single-neuron projectomes
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Impact of the entorhinal feed-forward connection to the CA3 on hippocampal coding
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Data from: Topography of inputs into the hippocampal formation of a food-caching bird
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Hippocampal ensembles represent sequential relationships among an extended sequence of nonspatial events
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Statistical data from: Cholinergic modulation of hippocampally mediated attention and perception
<p>Attention to the relations between visual features modulates hippocampal representations. Moreover, hippocampal damage impairs discrimination of spatial relations. We explore a mechanism by which this might occur: modulation by the acetylcholine system. Acetylcholine enhances afferent input to the hippocampus and suppresses recurrent connections within it. This biases hippocampal processing toward environmental input, and should improve externally-oriented, hippocampally mediated attention and perception. We examined cholinergic modulation on an attention task that recruits the hippocampus. On each trial, participants viewed two images (rooms with paintings). On "similar room" trials, they judged whether the rooms had the same spatial layout from a different perspective. On "similar art" trials, they judged whether the paintings could have been painted by the same artist. On "identical" trials, participants simply had to detect identical paintings or rooms. We predicted that cholinergic modulation would improve performance on the similar room task, given past findings that hippocampal representations predicted, and hippocampal damage impaired, behavior on this task. To test this, nicotine cigarette smokers took part in two sessions: one before which they abstained from nicotine for 12 hours, and one before which they ingested nicotine in the past hour. Individual differences in expired breath carbon monoxide levels — a measure of how recently or how much someone smoked — predicted performance improvements on the similar room task. This finding provides novel support for computational models that propose that acetylcholine enhances externally oriented attentional states in the hippocampus.</p>
During hippocampal inactivation, grid cells maintain synchrony, even when the grid pattern is lost
<p>The grid cell network in the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) has been subject to thorough testing and analysis, and many theories for their formation have been suggested. To test some of these theories, we re-analyzed data from Bonnevie et al., 2013, in which the hippocampus was inactivated and grid cells were recorded in the rat MEC. We investigated whether the firing associations of grid cells depend on hippocampal inputs. Specifically, we examined temporal and spatial correlations in the firing times of simultaneously recorded grid cells before and during hippocampal inactivation. Our analysis revealed evidence of network coherence in grid cells even in the absence of hippocampal input to the MEC, both in regular grid cells and in those that became head-direction cells after hippocampal inactivation. This favors models, which suggest that phase relations between grid cells in the MEC are dependent on intrinsic connectivity within the MEC.</p>
Recruitment of release sites underlies chemical presynaptic potentiation at hippocampal mossy fiber boutons
<p>The MFB_cLTP_Data zip folder contains the data from the publication by Orlando M, Dvorzhak A, Bruentgens F, Maglione M, Rost BR, Sigrist SJ, Breustedt J, and Schmitz D. "Recruitment of release sites underlies chemical presynaptic potentiation at hippocampal mossy fiber <em>boutons" </em>that is under revision at PLOS Biology. </p> <p>Each file corresponds to a figure in the paper. The folder contains data from two photon live glutamate imaging, STED microscopy, electron microscopy of murine hippocampal mossy fiber boutons and autaptic neuron electrophysiology. We compared boutons in control conditions (CTRL) with boutons at wich chemical potentiation was induced by the application of 50 µM Forskolin for 15 minutes (FSK).</p>
OGD triggered Zn2+ rises and Ca2+ deregulation events in CA1 and CA3 hippocampal pyramidal neurons of MT-III and ZnT3 knockout mice.
<p>The posted data provide the control characterization of the oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) triggered occurrences of cytosolic Zn<sup>2+</sup> rises and terminal Ca<sup>2+</sup> deregulation events in individual CA1 and CA3 pyramidal neurons in acute hippocampal slices of the MT-III knockout mice ( <strong>004649 - 129S7-Mt3<sup>tm1Rpa</sup>/J</strong>, Jackson Laboratory) and ZnT3 knockout mice ( <strong>005064 -</strong> <strong>B6;129-Slc30a3<sup>tm1Rpa</sup>/J</strong>, Jackson Laboratory).</p>
Data for "Synapses without Tension Fail to Fire in an In Vitro Network of Hippocampal Neurons."
<p>Neurons in the brain communicate with each other at their synapses. It has long been understood that this communication occurs through biochemical processes. Here, we reveal a previously unrecognized paradigm wherein mechanical tension in neurons is essential for communication. Using <em>in vitro</em> rat hippocampal neurons, we find that (1) neurons become tout/tensed after forming synapses resulting in a contractile neural network, and (2) without this contractility, neurons fail to fire. To measure time evolution of network contractility in 3D (<em>not</em> 2D) extracellular matrix, we developed an ultra-sensitive force sensor with 1 nN resolution. We employed Multi-Electrode Array (MEA) and iGluSnFR, a glutamate sensor, to quantify neuronal firing at the network and at the single synapse scale, respectively. When neuron contractility is relaxed, both techniques show significantly reduced firing. Firing resumes when contractility is restored. This discovery highlights the essential contribution of neural contractility in fundamental brain functions and has implications for our understanding of neuronal physiology.</p>
Synaptopodin regulates denervation-induced plasticity at hippocampal mossy fiber synapses
<p>Neurological diseases can lead to the denervation of brain regions caused by demyelination, traumatic injury or cell death. The molecular and structural mechanisms underlying lesion-induced reorganization of denervated brain regions, however, are a matter of ongoing investigation. In order to address this issue, we performed an entorhinal cortex lesion (ECL) in mouse organotypic entorhino-hippocampal tissue cultures of both sexes and studied denervation-induced plasticity of mossy fiber synapses, which connect dentate granule cells (dGCs) with CA3 pyramidal cells (CA3-PCs) and play important roles in learning and memory formation. Partial denervation caused a strengthening of excitatory neurotransmission in dGCs, CA3-PCs and their direct synaptic connections, as revealed by paired recordings (dGC-to-CA3-PC). These functional changes were accompanied by ultrastructural reorganization of mossy fiber synapses, which regularly contain the plasticity-regulating protein synaptopodin and the spine apparatus organelle. We demonstrate that the spine apparatus organelle and synaptopodin are related to ribosomes in close proximity to synaptic sites and unravel a synaptopodin-related transcriptome. Notably, synaptopodin-deficient tissue preparations that lack the spine apparatus organelle failed to express lesion-induced synaptic adjustments. Hence, synaptopodin and the spine apparatus organelle play a crucial role in regulating lesion-induced synaptic plasticity at hippocampal mossy fiber synapses.</p>
Data from: Time or distance: flexible coding of Hippocampal cells
<p>Analysis of neuronal activity in the hippocampus of behaving animals has revealed cells acting as "Time Cells," which exhibit selective spiking patterns at specific time intervals since a triggering event, and "Distance Cells," which encode the traversal of specific distances. Other neurons exhibit a combination of these features, alongside place selectivity. This study aims to investigate how the task performed by animals during recording sessions influences the formation of these representations. The data used here was originally curated in a treadmill running study conducted by Kraus et al. (2013) in which rats were trained to run at different velocities. The rats were recorded in two trial contexts: a "fixed time" condition, where the animal ran on the treadmill for a predetermined duration before proceeding, and a "fixed distance" condition, where the animal ran a specific distance on the treadmill. Our findings indicate that the type of experimental condition significantly influenced the encoding of hippocampal cells. Specifically, distance-encoding cells dominated in fixed-distance experiments, whereas time-encoding cells dominated in fixed-time experiments. These results underscore the flexible coding capabilities of the hippocampus, which are shaped by over-representation of salient variables associated with reward conditions.</p> <p>Data used in Absramson et al., 2023, "<strong>Time or distance: flexible coding of Hippocampal cells</strong>", originally curated by Kraus et al., Neuron, 78(6), 1090-1101, 2013.</p>
Sex-specific fear acquisition following early life stress is linked to amygdala and hippocampal purine and glutamate metabolism
<p>Motion tracking dataset used for the paper "<strong><em>Sex-specific fear acquisition following early life stress is linked to amygdala and hippocampal purine and glutamate metabolism</em></strong>", by Joeri Bordes et al.</p> <p><strong><span>Abstract</span></strong></p> <p>Early life stress (ELS) can negatively impact health, increasing the risk of stress-related disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Importantly, PTSD disproportionately affects women, emphasizing the critical need to explore how sex differences influence the genetic and metabolic neurobiological pathways underlying trauma-related behaviors. This study uses the limited bedding and nesting (LBN) paradigm to model ELS and investigate its sex-specific effects on fear memory formation. Employing innovative unsupervised behavioral classification, the current study reveals distinct behavioral patterns associated with fear acquisition and retrieval in male and female mice following ELS. Females exposed to LBN display heightened active fear responses, contrasting with males. Furthermore, the study examined the crucial link between behavioral regulation and cellular metabolism in key brain regions involved in fear and stress processing. Sex-specific and stress-dependent alterations were observed in purine, pyrimidine, and glutamate metabolism within the basolateral amygdala, the dorsal hippocampus, and the ventral hippocampus. These findings provide crucial insights into the complex interplay between metabolic pathways, the neurobiological underpinnings of fear memory, and stress responses. Importantly, they emphasize the significance of considering sex-specific metabolic alterations when investigating stress-related disorders, opening potential avenues for the development of targeted interventions.</p>
Data for: The hippocampal representation of context is preserved despite neural drift
<p>The hippocampus is thought to mediate episodic memory through the instantiation and reinstatement of context-specific cognitive maps. However, recent longitudinal experiments have challenged this view, reporting that most hippocampal cells change their tuning properties over days even in the same environment. Often referred to as<em> neural</em> or <em>representational drift</em>, these dynamics raise questions about the capacity and content of the hippocampal code. One such question is whether and how these long-term dynamics impact the hippocampal code for context. To address this, we imaged large CA1 populations over more than a month of daily experience as freely behaving mice participated in an extended geometric morph paradigm. We find that long-timescale changes in population activity occurred orthogonally to the representation of context in network space, allowing for consistent readout of contextual information across weeks. This population-level structure was supported by heterogeneous patterns of activity at the level of individual cells, where we observed evidence of a positive relationship between interpretable contextual coding and long-term stability. Together, these results demonstrate that long-timescale changes to the CA1 spatial code preserve the relative structure of contextual representation.</p>
Theta dominates cross-frequency coupling in hippocampal-medial entorhinal circuit during awake-behavior in rats
<p>Hippocampal theta and gamma rhythms are hypothesized to play a role in the physiology of higher cognition. Prior research has reported that an offset in theta cycles between the entorhinal cortex, CA3, and CA1 regions promotes independence of population activity across the hippocampus. In line with this idea, it has recently been observed that CA1 pyramidal cells can establish and maintain coordinated place cell activity intrinsically, with minimal reliance on afferent input. Counter to these observations is the contemporary hypothesis that CA1 neuron activity is driven by a gamma oscillation arising from the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) that relays information by providing precisely timed synchrony between MEC and CA1. Reinvestigating this in rats during appetitive track running, we found that theta is the dominant frequency of cross-frequency coupling between the MEC and hippocampus, with hippocampal gamma largely independent of entorhinal gamma.</p>
Experience-driven rate modulation is reinstated during hippocampal replay
<p>Replay, the sequential reactivation within a neuronal ensemble, is a central hippocampal mechanism postulated to drive memory processing. While both rate and place representations are used by hippocampal place cells to encode behavioral episodes, replay has been largely defined by only the latter – based on the fidelity of sequential activity across neighboring place fields. Here, we show that dorsal CA1 place cells in rats can modulate their firing rate between replay events of two different contexts. This experience-dependent phenomenon mirrors the same pattern of rate modulation observed during behavior and can be used independently from place information within replay sequences to discriminate between contexts. Our results reveal the existence of two complementary neural representations available for memory processes.</p>
Idiothetic representations are modulated by availability of sensory inputs and task-demands in hippocampal-septal circuit
<p>This is the dataset underlying the results presented in the article titled: "Idiothetic representations are modulated by availability of sensory inputs and task-demands in hippocampal-septal circuit". Data is sub-divided per brain regions: CA1, CA3, and lateral septum (LS). Then each region is subdivided by mouse number, and finally by experiment (day). Each experiment contains two main files: ms.mat (miniscope data) and behav.mat (behavior data). These two streams are not sampled at the same frequency and should thus be interpolated during analysis (timestamps are available for both streams). Each .mat files can be opened with Matlab or with any HDF5 reader (e.g. in H5py Python).</p>
ScienceDex guides
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.