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Figure 10 in Nesting behavior, ecology, and functional morphology of the trapdoor spider-hunting spider wasp Aporus (Plectraporus) hirsutus (Banks) (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae)
Figure 10. Aporus (Plectraporus) hirsutus (Banks) antenna orbit/socket position (Wasbauer and Kimsey 1985, this study).
Figures 1–2. Aporus hirsutus and Aptostichus simus. 1 in Nesting behavior, ecology, and functional morphology of the trapdoor spider-hunting spider wasp Aporus (Plectraporus) hirsutus (Banks) (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae)
Figures 1–2. Aporus hirsutus and Aptostichus simus. 1) Aporus hirsutus resting on sand, digging in sand, sandy coastal back dunes, Santa Barbara County, CA; 12 June 2014; A. Abela. The species name "hirsutus" refers to the hairiness of the body. Species identification structures include short antennae and forelegs, quasi-triangular flattened head, elongate pronotum, swollen forefemur and foretibia, thick foretarsal rake spines, and only two submarginal cells in forewing. The concave back of the head, not seen to this degree in other Nearctic Aporus species, fits snugly against the front of the convex pronotum, enabling the wasp to tunnel unobstructed through sand. Photograph © Alice Abela. 2) Aptostichus simus female on sand, Montaña de Oro State Park, San Luis Obispo County, CA; 8 June 2014; A. Abela. Females lack obvious distinguishing external morphological features, except for sharply delineated patch of endite cuspules on abdominal venter. All Aptostichus species have psammophilous body coloration (Bond 2012). Photograph © Alice Abela.
Figure 9 in Nesting behavior, ecology, and functional morphology of the trapdoor spider-hunting spider wasp Aporus (Plectraporus) hirsutus (Banks) (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae)
Figure 9. Aptostichus species California geographic distribution (from Bond 2012) and Aporus (Plectraporus) hirsutus (Banks) geographic range (Wasbauer and Kimsey 1985; this study).
Figures 5–6. Aporus hirsutus hunting behavior. 5 in Nesting behavior, ecology, and functional morphology of the trapdoor spider-hunting spider wasp Aporus (Plectraporus) hirsutus (Banks) (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae)
Figures 5–6. Aporus hirsutus hunting behavior. 5) Aporus hirsutus female digging into sand, using her mandibles and foretarsal digging rake, apparently searching for host Aptostichus simus, sandy coastal back dunes, Santa Barbara County, CA; 12 June 2014; A. Abela. Photograph © Alice Abela. 6) Aptostichus simus trapdoor being propped open by a twig. Note the flimsy silk and sand consistency of the trapdoor and sides of entrance, Montaña de Oro State Park, San Luis Obispo, CA; 5 July 2020; A. Abela. Photograph © Alice Abela.
Figures 3–4. Aporus hirsutus adult feeding. 3 in Nesting behavior, ecology, and functional morphology of the trapdoor spider-hunting spider wasp Aporus (Plectraporus) hirsutus (Banks) (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae)
Figures 3–4. Aporus hirsutus adult feeding. 3) Aporus hirsutus female taking nectar from flowers of Eriogonum parvifolium, Vandenberg Air Force Base, Santa Barbara County, CA; 6 August 2014; A. Abela. Photograph © Alice Abela. 4) Aporus hirsutus female with immobilized Aptostichus simus, immature, on sand, Surf Beach at Vandenberg Air Force Base, Santa Barbara County, CA; 28 March 2015; A. Abela. The wasp appressed her mouthparts and basal antennal segments to the paralyzed prey and, apparently, used this individual only for adult feeding. Photograph © Alice Abela.
Figure 11 in Nesting behavior, ecology, and functional morphology of the trapdoor spider-hunting spider wasp Aporus (Plectraporus) hirsutus (Banks) (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae)
Figure 11. Aporus (Plectraporus) hirsutus (Banks) degree of body hairiness (Wasbauer and Kimsey 1985; this study).
Balancing carnivore conservation and sustainable hunting of a key prey species: a case study on the Florida panther and white-tailed deer
<p>1. Large carnivore restoration programs are often promoted as capable of providing ecosystem services. However, these programs rarely measure effects of successful restoration on other economically and ecologically important species. In South Florida, while the endangered Florida panther (Puma concolor coryi) population has increased in recent years due to conservation efforts, the population of its main prey, the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), has declined in some regions. The extent to which panther predation has affected deer populations has been difficult to assess because several other factors have changed during this period, including hydrology and hunting regulations.</p> <p>2. We collected known-fate survival data on 241 GPS-collared adult deer (156 females and 85 males) from 2015 to 2018 in the Florida Panther National Wildlife Refuge and the Big Cypress National Preserve in Florida, USA, to assess effects of panther predation on the deer population, while also evaluating the impacts of hunting and hydrology.</p> <p>3. Predation was the primary cause of death (110 of 134 mortalities), and 87% of predation events were attributed to panthers, a much greater rate than reported by studies conducted before the panther genetic restoration effort initiated in 1995. One deer was legally harvested, and two were likely killed by poachers. Increasing water depth decreased female survival but had little impact on male survival, and drowning was never a cause of mortality.</p> <p>4. Females had greater survival probability than males, except during fawning season. From 2015 to 2018, annual survival rates increased from 0.61 (0.52-0.70) to 0.86 (0.79-0.91) for females, and from 0.45 (95% CI: 0.33-0.58) to 0.79 (0.69-0.86) for males.</p> <p>5. Synthesis and applications – High predation rates, coupled with previous evidence of low recruitment of deer in South Florida, suggest that it will be challenging to meet society's competing demands for large predator restoration and sustainable deer harvest. Deer hunting in the area must remain tightly controlled, for now, if it is to be sustainable, and managers should seek to mitigate effects of high waters and improve deer habitat quality to increase deer population viability. Future work should closely monitor the deer population to assess if management actions can increase vital rates and abundance in the context of high predation rates.</p>
No evidence that lionfish Pterois miles coordinate and reciprocate during hunts
<p><span>Collaborative hunting can be defined as predators coordinating their movements in time and space, assuming different roles in catching prey. As lionfishes are naturally solitary hunters; an experimental study documenting active recruitment, coordination and alternating (potentially reciprocal) striking in dwarf lionfish <em>Dendrochirus zebra</em> received major attention. A hypothesis was that collaborative hunting may contribute to the successful invasion of another lionfish species, <em>Pterois miles</em>, in the Caribbean. A first study on <em>P. miles</em> in the native range, the Red Sea did not find evidence for any recruitment signaling. Here, we expand on these results, testing for coordinated movements and for alternation in strikes. We exposed subject pairs to inaccessible prey in three transparent housings. The two lionfish did not aggregate at the same prey housing or even share larger space units in the presence of prey. In a second experiment, we found that some alternation can be induced if prey items become alternatingly accessible at two corners, with each lionfish tending to monopolise one corner each. When the movement of prey is slow or even absent, we observed less alternation than expected by chance. In conclusion, <em>P. miles</em> in the Red Sea does not use any coordination to hunt prey.</span></p>
Hunting for vampires and other unlikely forms of parity violation at the Large Hadron Collider: truth-jet and reco-jet datasets
<p>All truth-jet and reco-jet datasets used in the <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.09876">paper</a>.</p> <p><strong>Main</strong>: fragments are named `truth-jet_${MODEL}.tar.gz`, where MODEL is either `pv_msme_${lambdaPV}` (PV-mSME and lambdaPV is a floating point number with "." replaced with "p"), or `sm` for the Standard Model (lambdaPV = 0).</p> <p>Within each are three directories for the independent splits:</p> <ul> <li>train,</li> <li>test, and</li> <li>private_test.</li> </ul> <p> In the paper, we describe "test" as the validation set and "private_test" as the test set. Data in "private_test" were not used until models were finalized for the paper.<br> Within each of those are the processed results from simulations with different random seeds. They are independent shards which can be trivially combined.</p> <p>Each data file is in <a href="https://www.h5py.org/">h5</a> format. Its data are under the key "events" as an array with shape (n, 20). That last axis contains the reconstructed four-momenta of the hardest five jets in the order [Px, Py, Pz, E] * 5, with missing jets filled with zeros.</p> <p>Truth-jet files have additional keys "flavors" and "helicities". These contain truth-level flavour and helicity information, respectively. Their shape is (n, 5), where the last axis contains the zero-padded results. Flavours are encoded in the PDG ID scheme.</p> <p><strong>Rotated</strong>: Rotated PV-mSME data are in archives named `truth-jet-rot_${HOUR}.tar.gz`.<br> These have similar (train, test, private_test) structures as the others, but comprise parts of the same mixed model and should be combined by subsampling to a weighted average.</p> <p>HOUR is an integer rotation in [0, 23] for which the detector is rotated by an angle given in radians as HOUR * 2 pi / 24. This rotated dataset has lambdaPV=1. We demonstrate merging of these datasets in the code sharing (<a href="https://github.com/Rupt/paper-hunting-vampires">git</a>, <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6827723">Zenodo</a>).</p>
Hunting for vampires and other unlikely forms of parity violation at the Large Hadron Collider: calo-image datasets for the standard model
<p>An example calo-image dataset used in the <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.09876">paper</a>: standard model.</p> <p>Each shard is named `calo-image_sm_${DATASET}_${INDEX}.tar.gz`. Each contains one data file. DATASET is in {train,test,private_test} to label the three independent splits for training, validation, and testing respectively. INDEX labels separate batches which should be trivially combined.</p> <p>Each data file is in <a href="https://www.h5py.org/">h5</a> format. Its data are under the key "entries" as an array with shape (n, 32, 32) corresponding to (event_index, eta, phi) for the n calorimeter images in an unrolled eta--phi surface.</p> <p> </p>
Hunting for vampires and other unlikely forms of parity violation at the Large Hadron Collider: calo-image datasets for lambdaPV=1
<p>An example calo-image dataset used in the <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.09876">paper</a>: PV-mSME with lambdaPV=1.</p> <p>Each shard is named `calo-image_pv_msme_1_${DATASET}_${INDEX}.tar.gz`. Each contains one data file. DATASET is in {train,test,private_test} to label the three independent splits for training, validation, and testing respectively. INDEX labels separate batches which should be trivially combined.</p> <p>Each data file is in <a href="https://www.h5py.org/">h5</a> format. Its data are under the key "entries" as an array with shape (n, 32, 32) corresponding to (event_index, eta, phi) for the n calorimeter images in an unrolled eta--phi surface.</p> <p> </p>
Data from: Evidence for seasonal compensation of hunting mortalities in a long-lived migratory bird
<p>Understanding whether hunting mortality is additive to or compensated by other mortality sources is at the heart of managing harvested populations. Long-lived species are expected to exhibit hunting mortality additive to other sources of mortality, making them ideal candidates for population management through sport harvest. Previous studies on these processes have focussed on density-dependent natural mortality compensating for hunting mortality, but when harvest occurs in distinct periods of the year, heterogeneity in hunting vulnerability between individuals could also lead to compensatory mortality between these periods. We explore this new idea using the case of the greater snow goose (<em>Anser caerulescens atlantica</em>), a harvested species whose population became overabundant in the late 20<sup>th</sup> century. To control this population, wildlife agencies liberalized hunting regulations with unprecedented actions such as special hunting seasons implemented in spring 1999 in Canada and in winter 2009 in the USA. To determine the relative impact of each measure on survival, we estimated survival of adult geese on a seasonal basis using 30 years of capture-mark-reencounter data in a joint live-and-dead-encounter multievent model. We also used this quasi-experimental set-up to evaluate possible compensation in hunting mortality between seasons. We found that both special hunting seasons decreased goose survival in the seasons and periods in which they were implemented. However, survival increased during the spring hunting season after the establishment of the special winter hunting season in the USA in 2009. There was a negative relationship between annual spring and winter mortalities, suggesting that the increase in hunting mortality in winter was compensated by a reduction in spring mortality after 2009.</p> <p><em>Synthesis and applications:</em> To our knowledge, we report the first documented instance of hunting mortality in one season being compensated by a reduction in hunting mortality in a subsequent season. We suggest that heterogeneity in hunting vulnerability among individuals, possibly linked to the presence of juveniles, may explain this phenomenon. A better knowledge of seasonal patterns and relationships between mortality components is needed to improve our understanding of population dynamics and management of harvested populations.</p>
Dataset: J.B. Hunt Transport Services, Inc. (JBHT) Stock Performance
This dataset provides historical stock market performance data for specific companies. It enables users to analyze and understand the past trends and fluctuations in stock prices over time. This information can be utilized for various purposes such as investment analysis, financial research, and market trend forecasting.
Fig. 1 in Golden jackal (Canis aureus Linnaeus, 1758) and Red fox (Vulpes vulpes Linnaeus, 1758) population dynamics in Sarnena Sredna Gora Mts., Bulgaria based on hunting statistics
Fig. 1. Golden jackal (Canis aureus L.) and Red fox (Vulpes vulpes L.) population dynamics trends in Sarnena Sredna Gora Mts., Bulgaria, for a period of 11 years based on the analysis of the hunting data base (number of shot individuals)
Fig. 1 in Characteristics of the hunting behavior of the Red-footed Falcon (Falco vespertinus) in South-Eastern Bulgaria
Fig. 1. Mean duration of the hovering series of Red-footed Falcons in relation to the sex and period of the lifecycle of the birds.
Fig. 2 in Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in wild boars (Sus scrofa) hunted in Ukraine
Fig. 2. Box plot of Toxoplasma gondii serology results from wild boars from Ukraine, obtained using a locally available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and majority criteria based on results of three tests (locally available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), commercial ELISA (ID Screen Toxoplasmosis Indirect Multi-Species), and an indirect immunofluorescence test (IFAT)). ELISA proportion (OD sample/mean OD of positive controls *100) using the locally available ELISA is on the Y-axis and majority criteria is on the X-axis.
Fig. 1 in Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in wild boars (Sus scrofa) hunted in Ukraine
Fig. 1. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among wild boars by region in Ukraine, based on results from a locally available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). For regions with at least one seropositive wild boar, the number of seropositive wild boards out of number of tested wild boars is shown.
Fig. 2 in Surrogate hosts: Hunting dogs and recolonizing grey wolves share their endoparasites
Fig. 2. Normalized helminth prevalence in hunting dogs from the wolf area (dark grey, n = 49) and control area without wolves (light grey, n = 29). Lack of statistical significance was determined using a GLM.
Fig. 3. S. grueneri and S in Surrogate hosts: Hunting dogs and recolonizing grey wolves share their endoparasites
Fig. 3. S. grueneri and S. taeniata developmental cycles with their intermediate and definitive host in areas without wolves (A) and with wolves (B). In wolf habitats, wolves increase S. grueneri prevalence in their prey, in turn leading to a higher infection rate in hunting dogs. S. grueneri and S. taeniata strains spread by wolves are well‾adapted to both ungulate species, while S. grueneri and S. taeniata strains spread by hunting dogs from the control area are restricted to roe deer (right ungulate pictogram). The epidemiological influence of wolves regarding the spread of Sarcocystis in comparison to hunting dogs has a higher impact on red deer (left ungulate pictogram) than on roe deer. Sarcocystis strains in hunting dogs from the wolf area are likely to be a mixture of both dog and wolf strains. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)
Fig. 1 in Surrogate hosts: Hunting dogs and recolonizing grey wolves share their endoparasites
Fig. 1. Normalized Sarcocystis spp. prevalence in hunting dogs from the wolf area (dark grey, n = 49) and control area without wolves (light grey, n = 29). Hunting dogs were infected with 11 distinct Sarcocystis species, of which two species only occurred in wolf inhabited areas. They were significantly more likely to be infected with the 'wolf- ‾specialized' parasite S. grueneri when sharing their habitat with wolves (p = 0.035). It was not possible to determine a correlation for an infection with the other 'wolf specialist' S. taeniata and wolf presence (n.s. = not significant, p = 0.476). P values were extracted from GLMs.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.