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Fig. 5 in Trunk injection of systemic insecticides to control stem and leaf gall wasps, Josephiella species (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae), on Chinese banyan (Rosales: Moraceae) in Hawaii

Fig. 5. Mean ratings of tree health condition (A) and mean ratings of new shoot emergence (B) 14 mo afer treatment (rating of tree health condition: 1 = excellent, 2 = good, 3 = fair, 4 = poor, 5 = dead; rating of new shoots emergence: 1 = many, 2 = moderate, 3 = some, 4 = few, 5 = very few). Means with the same letter are not significantly different (Kruskal–Wallis test).

Fig. 2 in Trunk injection of systemic insecticides to control stem and leaf gall wasps, Josephiella species (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae), on Chinese banyan (Rosales: Moraceae) in Hawaii

Fig. 2. Mean stem gall infestation levels on new shoots associated with chemical treatments and untreated control (1–5, where 1 = no infestation and 5 = severe infestation), where * indicates P ≤ 0.05 and ** indicates P ≤ 0.01 within each sampling month (Kruskal–Wallis test).

Fig. 3 in Trunk injection of systemic insecticides to control stem and leaf gall wasps, Josephiella species (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae), on Chinese banyan (Rosales: Moraceae) in Hawaii

Fig. 3. Mean percentage (± SE) of leaves infested with leaf gall wasps associated with chemical treatments and untreated control. Means with the same letter are not significantly different (ANOVA).

Fig. 1 in Trunk injection of systemic insecticides to control stem and leaf gall wasps, Josephiella species (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae), on Chinese banyan (Rosales: Moraceae) in Hawaii

Fig. 1. Mean number (± SE) of stem galls (on 45 cm shoots) associated with chemical treatments and untreated control. Means with the same letter are not significantly different (ANOVA).

Fig. 6 in Trunk injection of systemic insecticides to control stem and leaf gall wasps, Josephiella species (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae), on Chinese banyan (Rosales: Moraceae) in Hawaii

Fig. 6. Mean ratings of tree health condition (A) and mean ratings of new shoot emergence (B) 22 mo afer treatment (rating of tree health condition: 1 = excellent, 2 = good, 3 = fair, 4 = poor, 5 = dead; rating of new shoots emergence: 1 = many, 2 = moderate, 3 = some, 4 = few, 5 = very few). Means with the same letter are not significantly different (Kruskal–Wallis test).

Fig. 2 in Anticarsia gemmatalis nucleopolyhedrovirus from soybean crops in Tamaulipas, Mexico: diversity and insecticidal characteristics of individual variants and their co-occluded mixtures

Fig. 2. Mortality of second instar Anticarsia gemmatalis following inoculation with 2 × 105 occlusion bodies per mL of (A) genotypic variants compared with a mixture of 30 field isolates (30wt) and reference Brazilian variant AgMNPV-2D (Ag-2D), and (B) co-occluded mixtures of variants (M1–M4).

Fig. 4 in Anticarsia gemmatalis nucleopolyhedrovirus from soybean crops in Tamaulipas, Mexico: diversity and insecticidal characteristics of individual variants and their co-occluded mixtures

Fig. 4. Weibull estimates of mean time to death of fourth instar Anticarsia gemmatalis infected by (A) the individual genotypic variants compared with a mixture of 30 field isolates (30wt) and reference Brazilian variant AgMNPV-2D (Ag-2D) (shape parameter a = 6.776), and (B) co-occluded mixtures of variants (M1–M4) (shape parameter a = 7.509).

Fig. 1 in Anticarsia gemmatalis nucleopolyhedrovirus from soybean crops in Tamaulipas, Mexico: diversity and insecticidal characteristics of individual variants and their co-occluded mixtures

Fig. 1. (A) HindIII restriction endonuclease profiles of 5 individual genotypic variants (G1–G5) compared with a mixture of 30 field isolates (30wt) obtained from pooled field-collected larvae and the reference Brazilian variant AgMNPV-2D (Ag-2D). Arrows indicate the position of marker fragments for each of the variants. (B) Prevalence of plaque purified variants in pooled sample of 30 Anticarsia gemmatalis larvae that died from polyhedrosis during laboratory rearing (n indicates total number of plaques of each genotypic variant out of a total of 52 plaques).

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Figure 2 in The impact of wheat resistance and bio-rational insecticides toxicity against cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi L. (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Figure 2: Trichomes density on mm 2 leaf area of various wheat varieties. Each value is the mean of five replications. *Mean followed by the same letter do not differ significantly at p = 0.05

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

Figure 3 in The impact of wheat resistance and bio-rational insecticides toxicity against cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi L. (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Figure 3. Effect of IGR's and plant extracts application on the population of Rhopalosiphum padi. A. After the first spray, B. After the second spray DBT (day before treatment), DAT (day after treatment).

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

Figure 1 in The impact of wheat resistance and bio-rational insecticides toxicity against cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi L. (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Figure 1: Rhopalosiphum padi preference at various time intervals and varieties. Each value is the mean of five replications. *Mean followed by the same letter do not differ significantly at p = 0.05

Fig. 3 in Anticarsia gemmatalis nucleopolyhedrovirus from soybean crops in Tamaulipas, Mexico: diversity and insecticidal characteristics of individual variants and their co-occluded mixtures

Fig. 3. Logarithm of mean occlusion body (OB) production in fourth instar Anticarsia gemmatalis infected by (A) the genotypic variants compared with a mixture of 30 field isolates (30wt) and reference Brazilian variant AgMNPV-2D (Ag-2D), and (B) co-occluded mixtures of variants (M1–M4).

Fig. 3 in Trichilia (Meliaceae) plants: an important source of biomolecules with insecticidal properties

Fig. 3. Survival curves of Copitarsia decolora larvae fed on an artificial diet supplemented with extracts of Trichilia hirta bark at 100, 500, 1,000, and 1,500 ppm: (a) hexane, (b) acetone, (c) methanol, and (d) aqueous.

Fig. 4 in Trichilia (Meliaceae) plants: an important source of biomolecules with insecticidal properties

Fig. 4. Survival curve of Copitarsia decolora larvae fed on an artificial diet supplemented with hexane extract of Trichilia havanensis bark at 100, 500, 1,000, and 1,500 ppm.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2015View details →

Fig. 1 in Incorporation of biorational insecticides with neonicotinoids to combat resurgence of Tetranychus urticae (Prostigmata: Tetranychidae) on rose

Fig. 1. Preference and non-preference test for spider mites by pro- viding imidacloprid (IMD)-or acetamiprid (ACT)-treated and untreated rose leaves as 2 choices at different days afer treatment (DAT) and observing the percentage of spider mites reaching a specific choice. Asterisk indicates significant difference between treatment and untreated control (P = 0.05, χ2 goodness of fit).

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2015View details →

Fig. 3 in Effects of cold-acclimation, pathogen infection, and varying temperatures on insecticide susceptibility, feeding, and detoxifying enzyme levels in Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae)

Fig. 3. Correlations between mean percentage mortality of Diaphorina citri and temperature for field-collected and uninfected D. citri and field-collected and 'Candidatus' Liberibacter asiaticus–infected D. citri, when exposed to chlorpyriphos (A), fenpropathrin (B), imidacloprid (C), thiamethoxam (D), and spinetoram (E).

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Fig. 1 in Effects of cold-acclimation, pathogen infection, and varying temperatures on insecticide susceptibility, feeding, and detoxifying enzyme levels in Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae)

Fig. 1. Comparison of cytochrome P450 (A), general esterase (B), and glutathione S-transferase (C) activity levels in laboratory susceptible Diaphorina citri adults at 5 temperatures. For glutathione S-transferase, means with the same uppercase letters are not significantly different from one another for imidacloprid-treated D. citri. Means with the same lowercase letters are not significantly different from one another for spinetoram-treated D. citri.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2016View details →

Fig. 2 in Effect of temperature on two bio-insecticides for the control of confused flour beetle (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Fig. 2. Mortality of Tribolium confusum adults with exposure to Beauveria bassiana (large dash line) A) on paper and B) in grain compared with controls not exposed (small dash line). Vertical error bars depict the residual SE of the mean.

Fig. 4 in Appraisal of the impact of three insecticides on the principal rice pests and their predators in China

Fig. 4. Temporal dynamics of predator insect diversity (a, diversity index; b, evenness index; c, dominance index; and d, species richness) in rice plots with various treatments (1 application per season).

Fig. 1 in Appraisal of the impact of three insecticides on the principal rice pests and their predators in China

Fig. 1. Effects of Virtako on planthopper abundance (mean number ± SE). Means followed by the same lowercase letter are not significantly different (ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test, P> 0.05).