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78 results for “isotope ratio”
Dataset for: Improving the accuracy of δ18O and δ17O values of O2 measured by continuous-flow isotope-ratio mass spectrometry with a multi-point isotope-ratio calibration
<p>Dataset containing raw and treated isotope-ratio mass spectrometry and laser absorption spectroscopy data, accompanying the manuscript "Improving the accuracy of δ18O and δ17O values of O2 measured by continuous-flow isotope-ratio mass spectrometry with a multi-point isotope-ratio calibration". This dataset also contains O2 concentration and partial pressure data used for figures in the associated manuscript.</p>
Throughfall and Isotopic Ratios on WS1 at the Andrews Experimental Forest, 2010-2011
The data in this set describes the throughfall collection on WS1 during 2010 and 2011, as well as the isotopic data assessed from these samples. In the Fall of 2010 there were eleven collection periods and in the Spring of 2011 there were eight collection periods. Data is no longer being collected. Throughfall and rainfall were measured at point locations, measured for the quantity and isotopic composition (Oxygen-16/18 and Hydrogen/Deuterium). Stemflow was also collected off of two PSME trees, one on the north-facing and one on the south-facing slope. These are the "plots" for this study, although they have no defined radius. During the Fall 2010 collection period, thirteen collectors were used, near the stream channel, along the trail in WS1. During the Spring 2011, there were eighteen collectors at each of two plots. Rainfall was also measured in an opening at the WS1 landing for comparison.
A GC-IRMS method for measuring sulfur isotope ratios of carbonyl sulfide from small air samples
<p>This dataset contains supporting files, figures and datasets for the method of sulfur isotope measurements of carbonyl sulfide and ambient air measurements in the Netherlands during 2020 and 2021.</p>
Temporal evolution of plutonium concentrations and isotopic ratios, cesium activity concentrations, granulometric parameters and organic matter properties in the Ukedo–Takase Rivers draining the Difficult-To-Return Zone in Fukushima, Japan (2013–2020)
<p>The current dataset was compiled to investigate the temporal evolution of plutonium concentrations, isotopic ratios and radiocesium activity concentrations in flood sediment deposits collected in the Ukedo and Takase Rivers, draining a part of the Difficult-to-Return Zone, in Fukushima Prefecture, from 2013 to 2020. These radionuclides were released in large quantities during the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident that occurred in March 2011 in Northeastern Japan (Steinhauser et al., 2014). Models showed that ~ 80 % of radionuclide releases occurred over the ocean (Mathieu et al., 2018; MEXT, 2011). The radioactive plume is drained by several coastal rivers to the Pacific Ocean, and sediment-bound radionuclide transfers in these rivers are mainly controlled by the occurrence of typhoons and tropical storms (Evrard et al., 2021). The objective of the research relying on the current database is to investigate the temporal changes in Pu signatures that occurred between 2013 and 2020 in flood sediment deposits collected in the Ukedo and the Takase Rivers, and to identify potential factors controlling these changes by the means of statistical approach.</p> <p>The current dataset comprises an Excel file including the variables description, and the data itself.</p>
Fig. 1 in Using hydrogen stable isotope ratios to trace the geographic origin of the population of Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) trapped in northern China
Fig. 1. Implied relationship standard curve equation between Bactrocera dorsalis and precipitation based on a δ2H stable isotope (solid line indicates the linear regression and dash lines indicate the 95% confident intervals).
Data to accompany "Stable isotope ratios in seawater nitrate reflect the influence of Pacific water along the northwest Atlantic margin".
<p>This dataset accompanies the article by Owen A. Sherwood, Samuel H. Davin, Nadine Lehmann, Carolyn Buchwald, Evan N. Edinger, Moritz F. Lehmann, and Markus Kienast: "Stable isotope ratios in seawater nitrate reflect the influence of Pacific water along the northwest Atlantic margin", Biogeosciences, 18, 1–20, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2021-45">https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2021-45</a>.</p> <p>The dataset comprises nutrient concentrations and nitrate isotope ratios for “bottle” samples of seawater collected by CTD/Rosette from 25 stations along the northwest Atlantic Ocean, from the Labrador shelf to northern Baffin Bay. Seawater physical properties measured by CTD are also provided for the depths at which bottle samples were collected. The complete sampling and analytical methods are provided in the accompanying article. </p>
Algal lipid distributions and hydrogen isotope ratios reflect phytoplankton community dynamics in Rotsee (Switzerland)
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Size and isotopic ratios of macroinvertebrates in mangroves with and without seabirds
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Coastal Wetland Basal Consumer and End Member C-13 and N-15 Isotopic Ratios Across a Mangrove Encroachment Gradient, 2019
Foundation species support highly productive and valuable ecosystems, but anthropogenic disturbances and environmental changes are increasingly causing foundation species shifts, where one foundation species replaces another. The consequences of foundation shifts are not well understood, as there is limited research on the equivalency of different foundation species and the functions they support. Here, we provide insight into community-level consequences of foundation shifts in the Gulf of Mexico, where the typical marsh foundation species (Spartina alterniflora) is being replaced with a mangrove foundation species (Avicennia germinans), forcing marsh fauna to rely on Avicennia for foundational support. We evaluated the interactions of two common and ecologically valuable basal consumers, fiddler crabs (Uca spp.) and marsh periwinkle snails (Littoraria irrorata), with both foundation species across sites with different levels of mangrove encroachment. By investigating both physical support, measured as habitat association and co-occurrence, and trophic support, as basal resource diet contributions, we found that Avicennia can physically replace Spartina for some consumers, but is not providing equivalent trophic support. Uca and Littoraria commonly occupy encroached sites and associate with mangroves but incorporate almost no mangrove plant matter into their diets. The ultimate consequences of a foundation shift in the case of mangrove encroachment may include shifting energy flows and resource use and decreased populations of basal consumers. Looking at interactions with foundation species from multiple perspectives is necessary to obtain a complete picture of the effects that foundational shifts are having, especially as such shifts are becoming increasingly common.
Concentration of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), carbon and nitrogen concentrations, C:N ratios and del 13C isotope value for lakes and rivers on North Slope from Brooks Range to Prudhoe Bay, Arctic LTER 1988 to 2005
Composite file describing plant, animal, water, and sediment samples collected at various sites near Toolik Research Station (68 38'N, 149 36'W). Sample site descriptors include an assigned number specific to the file, a number that relates the samples to other samples collected on the same date and time (sortchem), site, date, time, and depth. Samples are identified by type, category, and a short description. Data include isotope values, carbon and nitrogen concentrations, and C:N ratios of samples.
McMurdo Dry Valleys Isotope Ratios of Ice and Snow in Taylor Valley
As a part of the McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER program, isotope ratios have been determined from 295 ice/snow samples in Taylor Valley, Antarctica. Hydrogen/deuterium isotope ratios are given for all samples, and for a subset, there are oxygen isotope ratios, and a deuterium-excess. Values are reported relative to VSMOW, +/- 1.0 per mil for hydrogen, and +/- 0.1 for oxygen.
Isotope Ratios for Taylor Valley Streams
As a part of the McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER program, isotope ratios have been determined for 166 samples of stream water in Taylor Valley, Antarctica. Hydrogen/deuterium isotope ratios are given for all samples, and for a subset, there are oxygen isotope ratios, and a deuterium-excess. Values are reported relative to VSMOW, +/- 1.0 per mil for hydrogen, and +/- 0.1 for oxygen.
Protein stable isotope fingerprinting (P-SIF): Multidimensional protein chromatography coupled to stable isotope-ratio mass spectrometry
<p>Carbon stable isotope ratios (δ<sup>13</sup>C) for protein fractions extracted from a mixture of cultured cells of <em>Allochromatium vinosum </em>DSM 180 and <em>Synechocystis</em> sp. PCC6803, as well as from extracts of each pure culture.</p> <p>Citation: Mohr W, Tang T, Sattin SR, Bovee RJ, Pearson A. (2014) Protein stable isotope fingerprinting (P-SIF): Multidimensional protein chromatography coupled to stable isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. Analytical Chemistry 86, 8514-8520.</p> <p>Contact: Ann Pearson (pearson@eps.harvard.edu)</p>
Sample preservation methods for nitrous oxide concentration and isotope ratio measurements in aquatic environments
<p>This is the raw data for the method paper submitted in Limnology and Oceanography: Methods titled "Sample preservation methods for nitrous oxide concentration and isotope ratio measurements in aquatic environments".</p>
Analysis of the occurrence of the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in the winter season on the southwestern islands of Japan using the insect's strontium radiogenic isotope ratio (87Sr/86Sr)
<p><em>Spodoptera frugiperda</em>, an invasive pest insect that targets maize and other crops, first arrived in Japan in the summer of 2019. This species occurs year-round in East Asian subtropical regions such as southern mainland China and the island of Taiwan, where the mean air temperature in the coldest month is above 10°C. Adults are similarly found throughout the year on the southwestern islands of Japan. Trap monitoring there showed continuous or intermittent <em>S. frugiperda</em> catches in the 3 winter seasons since 2019. However, it was difficult to distinguish between immigrants arriving from these neighboring areas and local individuals occurring on each Japanese island. In this study, the possible natal origin of captured insects on 5 small islands (Yonagunijima, Taramajima, Okinawajima, Amamioshima, and Tanegashima) was determined by investigating the strontium radiogenic isotope ratios (<sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr) and comparing them with those of reference hosts and insects. Since trapping data and the <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr values of trapped insects didn't support <em>S. frugiperda</em>'s winter breeding on the northernmost island, Tanegashima, further analysis was limited to the 4 southern islands. The <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr values of reference host plants and reared insects on the 4 islands ranged from 0.70929 to 0.71009, while those of catch insects ranged from 0.70885 to 0.71090. The <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr values of the catch insects and the reference on the 4 islands did not differ significantly. In addition, the monthly averages of daily mean air temperature in January and February 2020–2022 were above 10°C, and the wind direction at the surface was mostly from the northeast or northwest. These pieces of evidence, together with winter host availability, suggested that <em>S. frugiperda</em> occurs year-round on the islands. In other words, the year-round occurrence area of <em>S. frugiperda</em> in East Asia extends to the Japanese southwestern islands below Amamioshima Island.</p>
Enhancing understanding of the hydrological cycle via pairing of process‐oriented and isotope ratio tracers
<p>This dataset contains monthly average output files from the iCAM6 simulations used in the manuscript "Enhancing understanding of the hydrological cycle via pairing of process-oriented and isotope ratio tracers," in review at the Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. A file corresponding to each of the tagged and isotopic variables used in this manuscript is included. Files are at 0.9° latitude x 1.25° longitude, and are in NetCDF format. Data from two simulations are included: 1) a simulation where the atmospheric model was "nudged" to ERA5 wind and surface pressure fields, by adding an additional tendency (see section 3.1 of associated manuscript), and 2) a simulation where the atmospheric state was allowed to freely evolve, using only boundary conditions imposed at the surface and top of atmosphere.</p> <p>Specific information about each of the variables provided is located in the "usage notes" section below.</p> <p>Associated article abstract:</p> <p>The hydrologic cycle couples the Earth's energy and carbon budgets through evaporation, moisture transport, and precipitation. Despite a wealth of observations and models, fundamental limitations remain in our capacity to deduce even the most basic properties of the hydrological cycle, including the spatial pattern of the residence time (RT) of water in the atmosphere and the mean distance traveled from evaporation sources to precipitation sinks. Meanwhile, geochemical tracers such as stable water isotope ratios provide a tool to probe hydrological processes, yet their interpretation remains equivocal despite several decades of use. As a result, there is a need for new mechanistic tools that link variations in water isotope ratios to underlying hydrological processes. Here we present a new suite of "process-oriented tags," which we use to explicitly trace hydrological processes within the isotopically enabled Community Atmosphere Model, version 6 (iCAM6). Using these tags, we test the hypotheses that precipitation isotope ratios respond to parcel rainout, variations in atmospheric RT, and preserve information regarding meteorological conditions during evaporation. We present results for a historical simulation from 1980 to 2004, forced with winds from the ERA5 reanalysis. We find strong evidence that precipitation isotope ratios record information about atmospheric rainout and meteorological conditions during evaporation, but little evidence that precipitation isotope ratios vary with water vapor RT. These new tracer methods will enable more robust linkages between observations of isotope ratios in the modern hydrologic cycle or proxies of past terrestrial environments and the environmental processes underlying these observations.<br> </p>
Aircraft profiles of stable isotope ratios in atmospheric total and condensed water from the NASA ORACLES mission.
<p>Aircraft in-situ measurements of water concentration and heavy water isotope ratios D/H and 18O/16O of cloud water and total water (water vapor plus condensed water) were collected during the NASA ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS (ORACLES) project. Aircraft sampling took place in the southeast Atlantic marine boundary layer and lower troposphere (equator to 22 degrees south) over the months of Sept. 2016, Aug. 2017, and Oct. 2018. Isotope measurements were made using cavity ring-down spectroscopic analyzers integrated into the Water Isotope System for Precipitation and Entrainment Research (WISPER). The WISPER data are processed into mean latitude-altitude curtains and individual vertical profiles for each sampling period.</p> <p> </p> <p>The WISPER data accompanied a suite of other variables including standard meteorological quantities (wind, temperature, moisture), trace gas and aerosol concentrations, radar, and lidar remote sensing, which can be accessed through the DOIs listed further down. The ORACLES campaigns are described by Redemann et al., (2021). The water isotope measurements are further described in Henze et al., (2021). The absolute error with respect to the SMOW-SLAP scale is explained in detail by Henze et al., (2021).</p> <p> </p> <p>Total water concentration and isotope ratios were binned and averaged onto latitude-altitude grids using a kernel estimation approach, with weighting designed to estimate the mean during the approximate month-long duration of each sampling period. Standard deviations for each bin are also computed using kernel density estimation.</p> <p> </p> <p>Time intervals during aircraft vertical profiling are isolated and averaged onto 50-meter vertical levels. The files include water concentration and isotope ratios for both total water and cloud water in addition to temperature, pressure, latitude, and longitude.</p> <p> </p> <p>See included file README.txt for additional details.</p> <p> </p> <p>References</p> <p>---------------</p> <p>Henze, D., Noone, D., and Toohey, D.: Aircraft measurements of water vapor heavy isotope ratios in the marine boundary layer and lower troposphere during ORACLES, Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2021-238, in review, 2021.</p> <p> </p> <p>Redemann, J., Wood, R., Zuidema, P., Doherty, S. J., Luna, B., LeBlanc, S. E., Diamond, M. S., Shinozuka, Y., Chang, I. Y., Ueyama, R., Pfister, L., Ryoo, J.-M., Dobracki, A. N., da Silva, A. M., Longo, K. M., Kacenelenbogen, M. S., Flynn, C. J., Pistone, K., Knox, N. M., Piketh, S. J., Haywood, J. M., Formenti, P., Mallet, M., Stier, P., Ackerman, A. S., Bauer, S. E., Fridlind, A. M., Carmichael, G. R., Saide, P. E., Ferrada, G. A., Howell, S. G., Freitag, S., Cairns, B., Holben, B. N., Knobelspiesse, K. D., Tanelli, S., L'Ecuyer, T. S., Dzambo, A. M., Sy, O. O., McFarquhar, G. M., Poellot, M. R., Gupta, S., O'Brien, J. R., Nenes, A., Kacarab, M., Wong, J. P. S., Small-Griswold, J. D., Thornhill, K. L., Noone, D., Podolske, J. R., Schmidt, K. S., Pilewskie, P., Chen, H., Cochrane, S. P., Sedlacek, A. J., Lang, T. J., Stith, E., Segal-Rozenhaimer, M., Ferrare, R. A., Burton, S. P., Hostetler, C. A., Diner, D. J., Seidel, F. C., Platnick, S. E., Myers, J. S., Meyer, K. G., Spangenberg, D. A., Maring, H., and Gao, L.: An overview of the ORACLES (ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS) project: aerosol–cloud–radiation interactions in the southeast Atlantic basin, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 1507–1563, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1507-2021, 2021.</p> <p> </p> <p>The complete archive of ORACLES data are accessible via the digital object identifiers (DOIs) provided under ORACLES Science Team references as follows:</p> <p> </p> <p>ORACLES Science Team: Suite of Aerosol, Cloud, and Related Data Acquired Aboard P3 During ORACLES 2018, Version 3, NASA Ames Earth Science Project Office, https://doi.org/10.5067/Suborbital/ORACLES/P3/2018_V3, 2020a. </p> <p> </p> <p>ORACLES Science Team: Suite of Aerosol, Cloud, and Related Data Acquired Aboard P3 During ORACLES 2017, Version 3, NASA Ames Earth Science Project Office, https://doi.org/10.5067/Suborbital/ORACLES/P3/2017_V3, 2020b. </p> <p> </p> <p>ORACLES Science Team: Suite of Aerosol, Cloud, and Related Data Acquired Aboard P3 During ORACLES 2016, Version 3, NASA Ames Earth Science Project Office, https://doi.org/10.5067/Suborbital/ORACLES/P3/2016_V3, 2020c. </p> <p> </p> <p>ORACLES Science Team: Suite of Aerosol, Cloud, and Related Data Acquired Aboard ER2 During ORACLES 2016, Version 3, NASA Ames Earth Science Project Office, https://doi.org/10.5067/Suborbital/ORACLES/ER2/2016_V3, 2020d.</p>
Data from: New perspectives on soil animal trophic ecology through the lens of C and N stable isotope ratios of oribatid mites
<p>Knowledge of the trophic ecology of soil animals is important for understanding their high alpha diversity as well as their functional role in soil food webs and systems. In the last 20 years, the analysis of natural variations in stable isotope ratios (<sup>15</sup>N/<sup>14</sup>N, <sup>13</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C) has revolutionized our view on soil animal trophic ecology. Here, we review the state of the art of the trophic ecology of a highly abundant and diverse soil animal taxon, oribatid mites (Oribatida), investigated by stable isotope analyses. The review is based on 25 papers reporting stable isotope data of 292 oribatid mite taxa from 30 different sites. Four main findings emerged. (1) Oribatid mites cluster into six trophic groups, i.e. moss feeders, lichen feeders, primary decomposers, fungal feeders/secondary decomposers, predators/scavengers and marine algal feeders, plus one additional group, which incorporates CaCO<sub>3</sub> in their cuticle for defence but still belongs to the fungal feeders/secondary decomposers group. (2) Of the 292 species studied 43.7% were classified as fungal feeders/secondary decomposers, 27.0% as primary decomposers and 15.7% as predators/scavengers, only few species include CaCO<sub>3</sub> into their skeleton (6.1%), feed on lichens (4.9%), mosses (2.1%) or marine algae (0.7%). (3) In about one-third of the species studied the trophic niche was constant or varied little between sites or habitats, but in two-thirds of the species, their trophic niche varied between habitats, with some species even shifting trophic levels, indicating trophic plasticity. (4) When aggregated at higher taxonomic level oribatid mite species clustered in only three instead of six trophic groups. This indicates that species within the same high-level taxon often belong to different trophic groups, for example, because feeding habits evolved convergently. Therefore, to accurately reflect the trophic ecology of oribatid mites their stable isotope signatures need to be analysed at the species level. However, stable isotope analyses also have limitations, e.g. feeding on bacteria and fungi cannot be separated, and the same is true for feeding on ectomycorrhizal and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Other methods such as fatty acid, amino acid and molecular gut content analyses as well as microbiome analyses may complement stable isotope studies and resolve oribatid mite trophic niche differentiation at a higher resolution. This will contribute to a better understanding of the local coexistence of large numbers of species in soil. Finally, we provide perspectives on how to integrate microarthropods into soil food webs using stable isotope and other methods allowing deeper insight into their<br>trophic structure.</p>
Measurements of lead concentrations and isotope ratios of moss and lichens from Portland, Oregon, U.S., and surrounding rural areas
<p>We conducted a high-resolution study of lead in an urban moss, <em>Orthotrichum lyellii,</em> to better understand lead distributions and sources in Portland, Oregon, United States. The goal of this study was to identify modern and persistent legacy urban lead sources. This included an investigation of the impact of relic lead-sheathed telecommunication cables on environmental lead levels. Here we present lead levels and isotopic compositions of (1) moss samples collected from Portland in 2013, (2) moss samples collected 10 years later in 2023 for proximity to lead-sheathed telecommunication cables, (3) archival moss and lichen samples, and (4) rural moss samples. The findings of this study and methods can be found in the linked primary article.</p>
Seasonal dynamics of sinking organic matter in the Pacific Arctic Ocean revealed by nitrogen isotope ratios of amino acids
<p><span>The Pacific Arctic Ocean has experienced a rapidly changing climate, sea-ice retreat, and enhanced primary production over the past few decades. The export production generated by photoautotrophs and heterotrophs has been characterized in the Arctic Ocean, but their seasonal variations in relative proportion are largely unknown due to the limited access in the ice-covered season. We measured the concentration and nitrogen isotope ratio of individual amino acids from sinking particles in the northern east Siberian Sea (KAMS1), northern Chukchi Sea (KAMS2), and Northwind Ridge (KAMS4) from August 2017 to July 2019. </span><span>The average trophic position, based on differences in the nitrogen isotope ratios of glutamic acid and phenylalanine, can indicate the relative proportions of biogenic organic matters derived from photoautotrophs and heterotrophs in sinking particles. Decreasing values (close to 1.0) in summer at KAMS2 in 2018 suggest that primary producers are responsible for most of the downward flux of sinking particles. However, the average trophic position at KAMS1 in 2017 increased to > 1.5 in autumn and was maintained at approximately 1.7 during ice-covered winter periods, likely due to greater contributions from heterotrophic organisms. Exceptionally high average trophic positions (close to 2.0) of sinking particles in summer at KAMS1 in 2017 and KAMS4 in 2018 were likely due to small export of photoautotrophs due to the surface seawater stratification and limited pelagic production. </span><span>T</span><span>he average trophic position in sinking particles should reflect the spatiotemporal variation in export particle composition in the </span><span>Pacific Arctic Ocean</span><span>.</span></p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.