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172 results for “lake ecosystem”
Video S1 - Native Cutthroat Trout and the Yellowstone Lake Ecosystem
<p><strong>Video S1.</strong> The Yellowstone Lake ecosystem in Yellowstone National Park. Following glacial recession, cutthroat trout evolved as the sole salmonid and dominant fish within Yellowstone Lake and its connected river network. Yellowstone Lake is a large aquatic system on the Yellowstone Plateau (2,357 m in elevation) with a highly protected watershed (> 3200 km2) located within Yellowstone National Park and the Bridger-Teton Wilderness of Wyoming, USA. Powerboat access is limited to only two locations, and most of the shoreline lies in protected (federally proposed) wilderness. Thermal structure of the lake is typically unstable with a weak and variable thermocline at a depth of 12–15 m during July-September. Surface water temperatures rarely exceed 18°C. The lake freezes over by late December and can remain frozen until late May or early June. In winter, ice about 1 m thick covers much of the lake except where shallow water covers active hot springs. During spring (May-July), cutthroat trout spawn in tributaries around Yellowstone Lake, where they are important prey for grizzly bears, black bears, river otters, and numerous avian predators.</p>
Planktonic functional diversity changes in synchrony with lake ecosystem state
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Managing ecosystems to effectively preserve function and services requires reliable tools that can infer changes in the stability and dynamics of a system. Conceptually, functional diversity (FD) appears a sensitive and viable monitoring metric stemming from suggestions that FD is a universally important measure of biodiversity and has a mechanistic influence on ecological processes. It is however unclear whether changes in FD consistently occur prior to state responses or vice versa, with no current work on the temporal relationship between FD and state to support a transition towards trait-based indicators. There is consequently a knowledge gap regarding when functioning changes relative to biodiversity change and where FD change falls in that sequence. We therefore examine the lagged relationship between planktonic FD and abundance-based metrics of system state (e.g. biomass) across five highly monitored lake communities using both correlation and cutting edge non-linear empirical dynamic modelling approaches. Overall, phytoplankton and zooplankton FD display synchrony with lake state but each lake is idiosyncratic in the strength of relationship. It is therefore unlikely that changes in plankton FD are identifiable before changes in more easily collected abundance metrics. These results highlight the power of empirical dynamic modelling in disentangling time lagged relationships in complex multivariate ecosystems, but suggest that FD cannot be generically viable as an early indicator. Individual lakes therefore require consideration of their specific context and any interpretation of FD across systems requires caution. However, FD still retains value as an alternative state measure or a trait representation of biodiversity when considered at the system level.</p> <p><strong>Dataset</strong></p> <p>The deposited dataset contains scripts used in functional diversity, cross correlation and convergent cross mapping analysis, the generation of figures and the custom functions underpinning the work. Raw plankton data is not provided but links to publicly available data portals and maintainer contact details are provided.</p>
The interaction of physical structure and nutrient loading drives ecosystem change in a large tropical lake over 40 years (DATA)
<p><strong><span>Datasets for manuscript entitled "The interaction of physical structure and nutrient loading drives ecosystem change in a large tropical lake over 40 years"</span></strong></p> <p><em><span>Includes data collected by Fadum and Hall as well as unplublished data from Vaux and Goldman 1984.</span></em></p> <p><span><strong>Abstract: </strong>Many lakes across the world are entering novel states and experiencing altered biogeochemical cycling due to local anthropogenic stressors. In the tropics, understanding the drivers of these changes can be difficult due to a lack of documented historic conditions or an absence of continuous monitoring that can distinguish between intra- and inter-annual variation. Over the last forty years (1980–2020), Lake Yojoa (Honduras) has experienced increased watershed development as well as the introduction of a large net-pen Tilapia farm, resulting in a dramatic reduction in seasonal water clarity, increased trophic state and altered nutrient dynamics, shifting Lake Yojoa from an oligotrophic (low productivity) to mesotrophic (moderate productivity) ecosystem. To assess the changes that have occurred in Lake Yojoa as well as putative drivers for those changes, we compared Secchi depth (water clarity), dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations at continuous semi-monthly intervals for the three years between 1979 and 1983 and again at continuous 16-day intervals for 2018–2020. Between those two periods we observed the loss of a clear water phase that previously occurred in the months when the water column was fully mixed. Seasonal peaks in DIN coincident with mixing suggest that an enhanced accumulation of ammonium in the hypolimnion (the bottom layer of a stratified lake) during stratification, and release to the epilimnion (the top layer of a stratified lake) with mixing maintains high algal abundance and subsequently low Secchi depth during what was previously the clear water phase. This interaction of nutrient loading and Lake Yojoa's monomictic stratification regime illustrates a key phenomenon in how physical water column structure and nutrients interact in tropical monomictic lakes. This work highlights the need to consider nutrient dynamics of warm anoxic hypolimnions, not just surface water nutrient concentrations, to understand environmental change in these societally important but understudied ecosystems.</span></p> <p> </p> <p><em><strong><span>(for more recent years of data collection see additional zenodo repositories by Fadum and/or Hall) </span></strong></em></p>
Multidecadal Time Series of Measured Chlorophyll-a in Lakes and Estuarine-Coastal Ecosystems, 1966-2024
The photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll-a is a commonly measured index of phytoplankton biomass and water quality across all aquatic ecosystem types. Some monitoring and research programs have sustained chlorophyll-a measurements for decades at monthly or higher frequency. Each of these time series is an invaluable record of phytoplankton variability at a particular location. The patterns of that variability have been essential for identifying the underlying processes of phytoplankton change at time scales of days, months, seasons, years and decades. Multidecadal series are rare and valuable because they provide empirical records of phytoplankton changes over the recent decades of unprecedented global change. These records also provide an empirical basis for comparing patterns and rates of change across geographic regions and ecosystem types. This data package contains multidecadal time series of measured chlorophyll-a concentration in three ecosystem types: 134 freshwater lakes (including a small number of reservoirs) that do not freeze; 78 high latitude lakes that do freeze; and 176 coastal ecosystems defined as water bodies where freshwater and seawater mix, including estuaries, coastal bays and lagoons, tidal rivers, and the Baltic Sea. Although there are other published compilations of chlorophyll-a time series, this package was compiled specifically to report observations made at monthly or higher frequency and sustained over multiple decades. The mean time series duration in this package is 33 years, and the mean number of sampling dates per site was 503 (range 186 to 2381). Thus, this data package provides an empirical basis for analyses to measure and compare decadal-scale patterns and rates of phytoplankton biomass variability between inland lakes and water bodies at the land-ocean interface. All chl-a measurements reported here were accessed from published repositories, except these four sites. We acknowledge and thank the following data providers for perm
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Thaw Gradient: Growing season CO2 fluxes and several ecosystem measurements, growing season 2006-2007.
This dataset contains growing season CO2 fluxes, aboveground biomass, soil temperature, volumetric moisture content, seasonal thaw depth, and NDVI measured at 50 grid points along EML gradient sites measured.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Thaw Gradient, Ecosystem carbon balance: Eddy covariance CO2 flux data of a heterogenous landscape undergoing permafrost thaw.
In this larger study, we are asking the question: Is old carbon that comprises the bulk of the soil organic matter pool released in response to thawing of permafrost? We are answering this question by using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure radiocarbon isotope ratios in soil organic matter, soil respiration, and dissolved organic carbon, in tundra ecosystems. The objective of these proposed measurements is to develop a mechanistic understanding of the SOM sources contributing to C losses following permafrost thawing. We are making these measurements at an established tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Field measurements center on a natural experiment where permafrost has been observed to warm and thaw over the past several decades. This area represents a gradient of sites each with a different degree of change due to permafrost thawing. As such, this area is unique for addressing questions at the time and spatial scales relevant for change in arctic ecosystems. Understanding how landscape level physical and biological changes effect carbon cycling is important for estimating the carbon balance of an ecosystem undergoing permafrost thaw.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Thaw Gradient, Ecosystem carbon balance: Growing season, chamber-based, CO2 flux data, 2004-2010.
In this larger study, we are asking the question: Is old carbon that comprises the bulk of the soil organic matter pool released in response to thawing of permafrost? We are answering this question by using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure radiocarbon isotope ratios in soil organic matter, soil respiration, and dissolved organic carbon, in tundra ecosystems. The objective of these proposed measurements is to develop a mechanistic understanding of the SOM sources contributing to C losses following permafrost thawing. We are making these measurements at an established tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Field measurements center on a natural experiment where permafrost has been observed to warm and thaw over the past several decades. This area represents a gradient of sites each with a different degree of change due to permafrost thawing. As such, this area is unique for addressing questions at the time and spatial scales relevant for change in arctic ecosystems. This data set includes carbon fluxes (NEE, Reco and GPP) measured and gapfilled in three areas with different degrees of thawing (minimal moderatedd and extensive thaw).
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Thaw Gradient, The radiocarbon value of ecosystem respiration, 2004-2012 I: Reco.
In this larger study, we are asking the question: Is old carbon that comprises the bulk of the soil organic matter pool released in response to thawing of permafrost? We are answering this question by using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure radiocarbon isotope ratios in soil organic matter, soil respiration, and decomposition in tundra ecosystems. The objective of these proposed measurements is to develop a mechanistic understanding of the SOM sources contributing to C losses following permafrost thawing. We are making these measurements at an established tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Field measurements center on a natural experiment where permafrost has been observed to warm and thaw over the past several decades. This area represents a gradient of sites each with a different degree of change due to permafrost thawing. As such, this area is unique for addressing questions at the time and spatial scales relevant for change in arctic ecosystems. This data set includes the growing season radiocarbon values of ecosystem and plant respiration at the thaw gradient and CiPEHR (a permafrost warming experiment). Depending on the year, the measurements were taken monthly during the growing season or just once a growing season.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Thaw Gradient, The radiocarbon value of ecosystem respiration, 2004-2012 II: Rplant.
In this larger study, we are asking the question: Is old carbon that comprises the bulk of the soil organic matter pool released in response to thawing of permafrost? We are answering this question by using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure radiocarbon isotope ratios in soil organic matter, soil respiration, and decomposition in tundra ecosystems. The objective of these proposed measurements is to develop a mechanistic understanding of the SOM sources contributing to C losses following permafrost thawing. We are making these measurements at an established tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Field measurements center on a natural experiment where permafrost has been observed to warm and thaw over the past several decades. This area represents a gradient of sites each with a different degree of change due to permafrost thawing. As such, this area is unique for addressing questions at the time and spatial scales relevant for change in arctic ecosystems. This data set includes the growing season radiocarbon values of ecosystem and plant respiration at the thaw gradient and CiPEHR (a permafrost warming experiment). Depending on the year, the measurements were taken monthly during the growing season or just once a growing season.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Thaw Gradient, The radiocarbon value of ecosystem respiration, 2004-2016 III: Atm.
In this larger study, we are asking the question: Is old carbon that comprises the bulk of the soil organic matter pool released in response to thawing of permafrost? We are answering this question by using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure radiocarbon isotope ratios in soil organic matter, soil respiration, and decomposition in tundra ecosystems. The objective of these proposed measurements is to develop a mechanistic understanding of the SOM sources contributing to C losses following permafrost thawing. We are making these measurements at an established tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Field measurements center on a natural experiment where permafrost has been observed to warm and thaw over the past several decades. This area represents a gradient of sites each with a different degree of change due to permafrost thawing. As such, this area is unique for addressing questions at the time and spatial scales relevant for change in arctic ecosystems. This data set includes the growing season radiocarbon values of ecosystem and plant respiration at the thaw gradient and CiPEHR (a permafrost warming experiment). Depending on the year, the measurements were taken monthly during the growing season or just once a growing season.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) Extended sites: winter ecosystem respiration chamber measurements using snow removal method. Oct-Nov 2009, Oct-Dec 2011, Oct-Nov; March-April 2012, Feb-May 2013.
The Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem warming cause a net release of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C, that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool, influence ecosystem C loss?, and 3) How do winter and summer warming alone, and in combination, affect ecosystem C exchange? We are answering these questions using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure ecosystem carbon balance and radiocarbon isotope ratios at a warming experiment located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. This dataset contains point measurements of winter ecosystem respiration fluxes using the snow removal method and the soil temperature, air temperature, and snow depth associated with each flux.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR): Winter ecosystem respiration measurements using soda lime, 2010-2019
The Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem warming cause a net release of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C, that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool, influence ecosystem C loss?, and 3) How do winter and summer warming alone, and in combination, affect ecosystem C exchange? We are answering these questions using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure ecosystem carbon balance and radiocarbon isotope ratios at a warming experiment located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Soda Lime absorption of CO2 over the winter season is a method of estimating cumulative soil respiration across the site.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR): Fall ecosystem respiration chamber measurements, 2009; 2011-2013.
The Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem warming cause a net release of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C, that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool, influence ecosystem C loss?, and 3) How do winter and summer warming alone, and in combination, affect ecosystem C exchange? We are answering these questions using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure ecosystem carbon balance and radiocarbon isotope ratios at a warming experiment located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. This dataset contains static chamber measurements of CO2 flux at CiPEHR during the falls of 2009,2011, 2012, and 2013.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating and Drying Research (DryPEHR): Fall ecosystem respiration chamber measurements, 2011,2013.
This drying and warming experiment addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem drying, warming and permafrost thaw cause a net release or uptake of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool influence ecosystem C loss? 3) How do drying and warmign affect plant communities and ecosystem properties? We are answering these questions using a combined warming and drying experiment (DryPEHR), which is situated with the Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project and located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Warming treatment here refers to growing season air temperature warming (~1C) using open top chambers (OTC) combined with soil 'warming' using snow fences during the snow covered months. Drying is achieve using an automated pumping system that lowers the water table in the dry plots. Soil warming began in 2008; OTCs and drying in 2011. This dataset contains static chamber measurements of CO2 flux at DryPEHR during the falls of 2011 and 2013.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR): Winter ecosystem respiration chamber measurements using on-plot method, Oct 2012-May 2013.
The Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem warming cause a net release of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C, that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool, influence ecosystem C loss?, and 3) How do winter and summer warming alone, and in combination, affect ecosystem C exchange? We are answering these questions using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure ecosystem carbon balance and radiocarbon isotope ratios at a warming experiment located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. This dataset contains point measurements of winter ecosystem respiration fluxes using the on-plot method and the soil temperature, air temperature, and snow depth associated with each flux.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating and Drying Research (DryPEHR): Winter ecosystem respiration chamber measurements using on-plot method, Oct 2012-May 2013.
This drying and warming experiment addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem drying, warming and permafrost thaw cause a net release or uptake of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool influence ecosystem C loss? 3) How do drying and warmign affect plant communities and ecosystem properties? We are answering these questions using a combined warming and drying experiment (DryPEHR), which is situated with the Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project and located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Warming treatment here refers to growing season air temperature warming (~1C) using open top chambers (OTC) combined with soil 'warming' using snow fences during the snow covered months. Drying is achieve using an automated pumping system that lowers the water table in the dry plots. Soil warming began in 2008; OTCs and drying in 2011. This dataset contains point measurements of winter ecosystem respiration fluxes using the on-plot method and the soil temperature, air temperature, and snow depth associated with each flux.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR): Fall ecosystem respiration chamber measurements, 2014 - 2017
The Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem warming cause a net release of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C, that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool, influence ecosystem C loss?, and 3) How do winter and summer warming alone, and in combination, affect ecosystem C exchange? We are answering these questions using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure ecosystem carbon balance and radiocarbon isotope ratios at a warming experiment located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. This dataset contains static chamber measurements of CO2 flux at CiPEHR during the shoulder season of 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating and Drying Research (DryPEHR): Fall ecosystem respiration chamber measurements, 2014 - 2017
This drying and warming experiment addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem drying, warming and permafrost thaw cause a net release or uptake of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool influence ecosystem C loss? 3) How do drying and warmign affect plant communities and ecosystem properties? We are answering these questions using a combined warming and drying experiment (DryPEHR), which is situated with the Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project and located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Warming treatment here refers to growing season air temperature warming (~1C) using open top chambers (OTC) combined with soil 'warming' using snow fences during the snow covered months. Drying is achieve using an automated pumping system that lowers the water table in the dry plots. Soil warming began in 2008; OTCs and drying in 2011. This dataset contains static chamber measurements of CO2 flux at DryPEHR during the shoulder season of 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017.
Legacy effects of fish but not elevation influence lake ecosystem response to environmental change
<p>How communities reorganize during climate change depends on the distribution of diversity within ecosystems and across landscapes. Understanding how environmental and evolutionary history constrain community resilience is critical to predicting shifts in future ecosystem function. </p> <p>The goal of our study was to understand how communities with different histories respond to environmental change with regard to shifts in elevation (temperature, nutrients) and introduced predators. We hypothesized that community responses to the environment would differ in ways consistent with local adaptation and initial trait structure. </p> <p>We transplanted plankton communities from lakes at different elevations with and without fish in the Sierra Nevada Mountains in California to mesocosms at different elevations with and without fish. We examined the relative importance of the historical and experimental environment on functional (size structure, effects on lower trophic levels), community (zooplankton composition, abundance, and biomass), and population (individual species abundance and biomass) responses.</p> <p>Communities originating from different elevations produced similar biomass at each elevation despite differences in species composition; that is, the experimental elevation, but not the elevation of origin, had a strong effect on biomass. Conversely, we detected a legacy effect of predators on plankton in the fishless environment. <em>Daphnia pulicaria</em> that historically coexisted with fish reached greater biomass under fishless conditions than those from fishless lakes, resulting in greater zooplankton community biomass and larger average size. </p> <p>Therefore, trait variation among lake populations determined the top-down effects of fish predators. In contrast, phenotypic plasticity and local diversity were sufficient to maintain food web structure in response to changing environmental conditions associated with elevation. </p>
Data underlying the article 'How nutrient retention and TN:TP ratios depend on ecosystem state in thousands of Chinese lakes'.
<div> <p>Here we share the data underlaying the publication 'How nutrient retention and TN:TP ratios depend on ecosystem<br>state in thousands of Chinese lakes' <a title="Persistent link using digital object identifier" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170690" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170690</a>.</p> </div> <div>In this study, we used data for analysis, models and R-scripts.</div> <div>The dataset contains data for the historic (2012) situation, and data for an economic-focused scenario and a sustainability-focused scenario for 2050.</div> <div> </div> <div>Raw input data originates from</div> <div>1) Climate scenario variables: HydroLAKES (Messager et al., 2016)</div> <div>2) Historic climate variables: https://doi.org/10.4121/13348004</div> <div>3) Nutrient losses to land for the SSP scenarios: Wang et al. 2020</div> <div> </div> <div>Model input and output data can be found in this database</div> <div>1) Simulated climate variables: folder 1</div> <div>2) Scenario specific parameter values: folder 1</div> <div>3) PCLake+ model output: folder 3</div> <div> </div> <div>R-scripts, as well as the used model (PCLake+), can be found in this database</div> <div>1) R-script to run PCLake+: folder 2 and 6</div> <div>2) R-script to process PCLake+ output data: folder 4</div> <div>3) PCLake+ software: folder 5: GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE, Version 3, 29 June 2007</div> <div> </div> <div>Data used for analysis can be found in this database</div> <div>1) ProcessedData.cvs: folder 4</div>
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