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77 results for “light interaction”
Unveiling the genetic networks: Exploring the dynamic interaction of photosynthetic phenotypes in woody plants across varied light gradients
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Light spectrum matters: Interactive effects of light and nutrients on phytoplankton communities and trophic transfer
<p>Phytoplankton is highly sensitive to both the quantity (intensity) and quality (spectrum) of available light, due to a large range of light-absorbing pigments. While light is considered as a main driver for trophic energy transfer, focus has been primarily on the intensity of light. This study investigated the role of different light spectra on the community structure and biochemical composition of natural phytoplankton. We found that light spectrum affects the species composition and biochemistry of phytoplankton communities with these effects being highly dependent on light intensity and nutrients. Additionally, we tested for potential nutritional constraints for the zooplankton species <em>Daphnia pulex</em> in response to changes in the phytoplankton community and found different growth responses of <em>D. pulex</em> as a result of changing mineral and biochemical growth contraints for the <em>Daphnia</em> species. We conclude that, beyond nutrients and light intensity, also the light spectrum influences plankton dynamics and trophic transfer in aquatic systems.</p>
Ent1-mNeonGreen and Abp1-mTq TIRF Raw data from "Sla2 is a core interaction hub for Clathrin Light Chain and the Pan1/End3/Sla1 Complex"
<p>This dataset is raw TIRF movies (as ND2 files) of data shown in Figure 4e of the manuscript "Sla2 is a core interaction hub for Clathrin Light Chain and the Pan1/End3/Sla1 Complex" in BioXiv (https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.11.14.623549) </p> <p><br>In this repository, you will find 20 different movies taken over two microscopy sessions for Ent1-mNeonGreen/Abp1-mTurquoise2 for yeast cells expressing Sla2-WT and two different mutants (called Site1 and Site2 mutants). </p> <p><br>How is it called in the repository / In the manuscript<br>Sla2-WT - Sla2 - WT<br>Sla2-dYYR - Sla2 - ΔSite2<br>Sla2-d515 - Sla2 - ΔSite1</p> <p>Data relating to experimental conditions can be found in https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.11.14.623549</p>
Aerosol-light interactions reduce the carbon budget imbalance - DGVM output
<p>DGVM (JULES and ORCHIDEE_DF) output associated with the publication 'Aerosol-light interactions reduce the carbon budget imbalance' (O'Sullivan et al., 2021 - Environmental Research Letters).</p> <p>Files contain monthly data over the period 1901-2017. There are 7 simulations for each model, with varying surface solar radiation in each case. Atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> and all climate variables (except for incoming short-wave radiation) vary throughout all simulations.</p> <p>Historical: total and diffuse shortwave radiation depend on the solar zenith angle, temporally varying cloud cover and aerosol optical depth of the whole atmospheric column.</p> <p>FixedAero: Time-invariant (1901-1920 cycle) tropospheric aerosol and no stratospheric aerosol influence on total and diffuse shortwave radiation</p> <p>FixedTropAero: Time-invariant (1901-1920 cycle) tropospheric aerosol influence on total and diffuse shortwave radiation</p> <p>FixedStratAero: no stratospheric aerosol influence on total and diffuse shortwave radiation</p> <p>FixedAero_DF: Time-invariant (1901-1920 cycle) tropospheric aerosol and no stratospheric aerosol influence on diffuse shortwave radiation</p> <p>FixedTropAero_DF: Time-invariant (1901-1920 cycle) tropospheric aerosol influence on diffuse shortwave radiation</p> <p>FixedStratAero_DF: no stratospheric aerosol influence on diffuse shortwave radiation</p> <p> </p>
Light environment interacts with visual displays in a species-specific manner in multimodal signaling wolf spiders
<p>Light availability is highly variable, yet predictable, over various timescales and the light environment is expected to play an important role in the evolution of visual signals. Courtship displays within the wolf spider genus Schizocosa always involve the use of substrate borne vibrations, however, there is substantial variation between species in the use of visual displays. We assessed the impact of light intensity on the courtship of four species of Schizocosa that vary in their use of visual signals during courtship. To examine the effects of the light environment on mating success and courtship effort in each species, we ran behavioral trials at three light intensities (bright, dim and dark). We also examined each species' circadian activity patterns. We found multiple effects of the light environment and these varied between species. Circadian activity patterns also differed between species and sexes. Our results suggest that dim-light might favor more conspicuous visual displays, while less conspicuous displays might be favored in bright light conditions. Additionally, we found evidence for light-dependent changes in selection on male traits, illustrating that short-term changes in light intensity have the potential for strong effects on the dynamics of sexual selection.</p>
Data for: Interactive effects of light and snail herbivory rather than nutrient loading determine early establishment of submerged macrophytes
<p><span>Submerged macrophytes play a key role in maintaining a clear-water phase and promoting biodiversity in shallow aquatic ecosystems. Since their abundance has declined globally due to anthropogenic activities, it is important to include them in aquatic ecosystem restoration programs. Macrophytes establishment in early spring is crucial for the subsequent growth of other warm-adapted macrophytes. However, factors affecting this early establishment of submerged macrophytes have not been fully explored yet. Here, we conducted an outdoor experiment from winter to early spring using the submerged macrophytes <em>Potamogeton crispus</em> and <em>Vallisneria spinulosa</em> to study the effects of shading, nutrient loading, snail herbivory (<em>Radix swinhoei</em>) and their interactions on the early growth and stoichiometric characteristics of macrophytes. The results show that the effects strongly depend on macrophyte species. Biomass and number of shoots of <em>P. crispus</em> decreased, and internode length increased during low light conditions, but were not affected by nutrient loading. <em>P. crispus</em> shoot biomass and number showed hump-shaped responses to increased snail biomass under full light. In contrast, the biomass of the plant linearly decreased with snail biomass under low light.</span> <span>This indicates an interaction of light with snail herbivory. Since snails prefer grazing on periphyton over macrophytes, a low density of snails promoted growth of <em>P. crispus</em> by removing periphyton competition, while herbivory on the macrophyte increased during a high density of snails.</span> <span>The growth of <em>V. spinulosa</em> was not affected by any of the factors, probably because of growth limitation by low temperature. Our study demonstrates that the interaction of light with snail herbivory may affect establishment and growth of submerged macrophytes in early spring. Macrophyte restoration projects may thus benefit from lowering water levels to increase light availability and making smart use of cold-adapted herbivores to reduce light competition with periphyton.</span></p>
Data from: Empirically testing the influence of light regime on diel activity patterns in a marine predator reveals complex interacting factors shaping behaviour
<p>Diel cycles in marine predator diving behaviour centre around the light-mediated diel vertical migration (DVM) of prey, and are considered critical for optimizing foraging and limiting competition across global seascapes. Yet our understanding of predator diel behaviour is based primarily on examining relative depth usage between constant day/night cycles with no formal investigation of how varying light regimes interact with abiotic factors to shape diel activity. The extreme seasonal light regimes (midnight sun, polar night, day/night cycle) in the Arctic provide a unique natural experimental setting to empirically investigate the occurrence and intensity of diel behaviour in marine predators relative to changing light levels while concomitantly assessing interacting abiotic factors. Depth time series data from satellite-linked tags deployed on six belugas for up to 12 months were used to quantify diel behaviour by calculating dissimilarity in time-at-depth between periods of low and high solar altitude on each day. Generalized additive mixed effects models were used to examine the influence of hours of daylight across extreme light cycles, coupled with bathymetry and sea ice concentration; focal diel patterns were further examined relative to the thermal structure of the water column. As predicted, belugas exhibited cathemerality during the midnight sun, and initiated diel behaviour with the onset of the fall day/night cycle, with a marked increase in its intensity with the progression to equal day/night length. Occurrence of diel patterns, however, was complex; ceasing in regions with seafloor depths < 700 m, and occurring with greatest intensity when the water column was thermally homogeneous within the upper 150 m. Through empirical investigation, this study demonstrates that the onset of day/night light cycles and presumably associated prey DVM can modulate predator diel dive behaviour under certain circumstances, but highlights how the complex interaction of abiotic factors with light regime shape dynamic spatiotemporal patterns. These findings, building on a body of recent work, emphasize that the traditional view of the ubiquitous occurrence of diel behaviour tied to DVM at the base of the food web oversimplifies vertical predator-prey interactions, identifying the need for more structured investigation. </p>
Artificial light at night, in interaction with spring temperature, modulates timing of reproduction in a passerine bird
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Light environment interacts with visual displays in a species-specific manner in multimodal signaling wolf spiders
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Data for: Interactive effects of light and snail herbivory rather than nutrient loading determine early establishment of submerged macrophytes
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Data from: Empirically testing the influence of light regime on diel activity patterns in a marine predator reveals complex interacting factors shaping behaviour
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The influence of artificial light at night (ALAN) on algal phenol concentrations can mediate herbivore-alga interactions
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Percent light penetration: Interactive Effects of Fertility and Distribution on Plant Community Diversity and Structure
There are four levels of nitrogen, corresponding to treatments A, C, F and G in E001, applied at the same time as in that experiment. For a description of fertilizer added to E052, see file fertilization details. There are four levels of soil disturbance designated 1, 2, 3 and 4. Level 1: undisturbed Level 2: 1 pass with a 7 HP Honda rear-tined rototiller with the elevator set to till to a depth of 9 inches Level 3: 2 passes or however many required to produce about 50% bare ground Level 4: 3 passes or however many required to produce 100% bare ground. This requires 3 passes in some plots but 5 or 6 in others. In addition, all woody vegetation not destroyed by tilling is cut at the base. Rototilling is applied in late April. Each fertilization treatment receives each disturbance treatment, for a total of sixteen treatments. There are four replicates of each of the sixteen treatments. In addition, the four extreme ends (lowest N, lowest disturbance; highest N, lowest disturbance, etc. ) are replicated an additional ten times. Treatments are applied in a completely randomized design. Each of the 104 plots is 5m x 5m. Measurements taken at E052 will include: 1) species abundances, 2) community biomass allocation to leaves/roots/stems/flowers, 3) above and below ground net primary production and 4) rates of nitrogen mineralization. For a list of treatments, see the treatment layouts in file trmte52. The plots in E052 are enclosed by a fence to exclude mammalian herbivores. Galvanized welded-wire hardware cloth with 6mm x 6mm openings was buried to a depth of 50cm. Additional hardware cloth extends 60cm above the ground and poultry netting extends to 2m above the ground. In 1990, ten plots of each of four treatments (N1D1, N1D4, N4D1, N4D4, where N is the level of nitrogen added and D is the disturbance treatment) were randomly selected for the competition experiment. The above and belowground effects of neighbors on transplanted grass seedlings were measured using three
Percent light penetration: Fire X Nitrogen: Interactive Effects in a Prairie-Like Grassland
This experiment was established on top of E002 in field B. In the spring of 1992, 3 randomly chosen replicates of each nutrient treatment of experiment E002 were chosen to be burned each spring. For a description of these plots, see E002. For a list of treatments, see the treatment layouts in file trmte98.
Percent light penetration: Herbivory by Nitrogen Interactive Effects on Community and Ecosystem Processes and Dynamics
E172 is an herbivory experiment established by Dave Tilman in fall 2004 by enclosing in deer fences three randomly selected plots from the six replicates of each control and each treatment in the N addition E001 experiment in field C. These plots still receive the nutrient treatments prescribed in the Experiment 001 protocols. From 1982-2004 a fence containing all of e001 plots in Field C was designed to exclude deer and all small mammals, including mice, voles and pocket gophers. This fence was removed in Fall of 2004 and individual plots designated for e172 were enclosed in deer fences. The purpose of E001 was to measure how adding nitrogen over a long time would affect the number of species, the type of species present, the amount of annual growth, and the change from year to year in the growth of each species in a plant community which is also relieved of grazing by large and small mammals. There are 8 different levels of nitrogen addition with other nutrients added to ensure that nitrogen remains the limiting nutrient, and a control which receives no nutrients. The plots are in a 6 by 9 grid and are 4 by 4 meters in size with 1 meter aisles between plots. Nitrogen fertilizer (NH4NO3) is applied twice per year, once in early May and once in late June.
Data from: Light and growth form interact to shape stomatal ratio among British angiosperms
In most plants, stomata are located only on the abaxial leaf surface (hypostomy), but many plants have stomata on both surfaces (amphistomy). High light and herbaceous growth form have been hypothesized to favor amphistomy, but these hypotheses have not been rigorously tested together using phylogenetic comparative methods. I leveraged a large dataset including stomatal ratio, Ellenberg light indicator value, growth form and phylogenetic relationships for 372 species of British angiosperms. I used phylogenetic comparative methods to test how light and/or growth form influence stomatal ratio and density. High light and herbaceous growth form are correlated with amphistomy, as predicted, but they also interact; the effect of light is pronounced in therophytes (annuals) and perennial herbs, but muted in phanerophytes (shrubs and trees). Furthermore, amphistomy and stomatal density evolve together in response to light. Comparative analyses of British angiosperms reveal two major insights. First, light and growth form interact to shape stomatal ratio; amphistomy is common under high light, but mostly for herbs. Second, coordinated evolution of adaxial stomatal density and light tolerance indicates that amphistomy helps to optimally balance light acquisition with gas exchange. Stomatal ratio may have potential as a functional trait for paleoecology and crop improvement.
Artificial light at night erases positive interactions across trophic levels
<p>1. Artificial light at night (ALAN) is one of the most recently recognized sources of anthropogenic disturbance, with potentially severe effects on biological systems that are still to be fully explored. Among marine ecosystems, high shore habitats are those more likely to be impacted by ALAN, due to a more intense exposition to outdoor nocturnal lightings (mostly from lamps along coastal streets and promenades, or within harbors, ports and marinas). 2. By performing in situ nocturnal manipulations of a direct source of white LED light and presence of herbivores in a Mediterranean high-shore habitat, we assessed the interactive effects of light pollution and grazing on two key functional components of the epilithic microbial community (the cyanobacteria, as the main photoautotrophic component, and the other bacteria, mainly dominated by heterotrophs) developing on rocky shores. 3. Results showed an unexpected increase in the diversity of epilithic bacterial biofilm at unlit sites in the presence of grazers, that was more evident on the other (mainly heterotrophic) bacterial component, when giving weight to more abundant families. This effect was likely related to the mechanical removal of dead cells through the grazing activity of consumers. ALAN significantly modified this scenario, by reducing the density of grazers and thus erasing their effects on bacteria, and by increasing the diversity of more abundant cyanobacterial families. 4. Overall, direct and indirect effects on ALAN resulted in a significant increase in the diversity of the photoautotrophic component and a decrease in the heterotrophic one, likely affecting key ecosystem functions acting on rocky shore habitats. 5. ALAN may represent a threat for natural systems through the annihilation of positive interactions across trophic levels, potentially impairing the relationship between biodiversity and functioning of ecosystems and interacting with other global and local stressors currently impinging on coastal areas.</p>
Figure S1: Nutrient concentration of lettuce (Lactuca sativa 'Rex') plants grown at different total incident light levels in deep water culture hydroponics. Lines show multiple regression analysis results, indicating no significant interactions. Each data point represents one plant. N = nitrogen, P = phosphorus, K = potassium, Ca = calcium, Mg = magnesium, S = sulfur, B = boron, Cu = copper, Fe = iron, Mn = manganese, and Zn = zinc.
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Figure 1 in Interactive effects of temperature and light on reattachment success in the brown alga Fucus radicans
Figure 1: A schematic description of the experimental setting. The experiment consisted of four such units equipped with a heater, a cooler and a water pump. Each jar (cylinder) represents a pseudoreplicate (n = 8) for a true replicate (n = 3). A tile with four fragments was placed in each jar (the small embedded figure).
Figure 2 in Interactive effects of temperature and light on reattachment success in the brown alga Fucus radicans
Figure 2: Fucus radicans. Percentage (±standard error) of re-attached fragments after 7 weeks cultivation in four different treatment combinations. The x-axis indicates the temperature treatment (4°C or 14°C) while the gray and white bars indicate the low (ca. 33 µmol m−2 s−1, 6 h:18 h light:dark regime) and high light level (ca. 100 µmol m−2 s−1, 16 h:8 h light:dark regime) treatments, respectively. n = 3 (with eight pseudoreplicates each) for each treatment combination.
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