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47 results for “macrosystems”
Microevolutionary processes in a foundation tree inform macrosystem patterns of community biodiversity and structure
<p class="MDPI17abstract"><span>Despite an increased focus on multiscale relationships and interdisciplinary integration, few macroecological studies consider the contribution of genetic-based processes to landscape-scale patterns.<strong> </strong>We tested the hypothesis that tree genetics, climate, and geography jointly drive continental-scale patterns of community structure, using genome-wide SNP data from a broadly distributed foundation tree species (<a><em>Populus fremontii</em></a></span><span class="MsoCommentReference"><span> </span></span><span>S. Watson) and two dependent communities (leaf-modifying arthropods and fungal endophytes) spanning southwestern North America. Four key findings emerged: (1) Tree genetic structure was a significant predictor for both communities; however, the strength of influence was both scale- and community-dependent. (2) Tree genetics was the primary driver for endophytes, explaining 17% of variation in continental-scale community structure, whereas (3) climate was the strongest predictor of arthropod structure (24%). (4) Power to detect tree genotype<a><span>—</span></a></span><span>community phenotype associations changed with scale of genetic organization, increasing from individuals to populations to ecotypes, emphasizing the need to consider nonstationarity (i.e., changes in the effects of factors on ecological processes across scales) when inferring macrosystem properties. Our findings highlight the role of foundation tree species as drivers of macroscale community structure and provide macrosystems ecology with a theoretical framework for linking fine- and intermediate-scale genetic processes to landscape-scale patterns. Management of genetic diversity harbored within foundation species is a critical consideration for conserving and sustaining regional biodiversity.</span></p>
Macrosystem community change in lake phytoplankton and its implications for diversity and function
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Microevolutionary processes in a foundation tree inform macrosystem patterns of community biodiversity and structure
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American Residential Macrosystems - Lawn plant data within residential yards in seven major metropolitan areas, 2012-2015
"In seven major U.S. metropolitan cities (Boston, Baltimore, Los Angeles, Miami, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Salt Lake City, and Phoenix), 1m2 plots were sampled in residential front and backyards, as well as nearby natural areas, in order to evaluate the plant community composition, diversity, and percent cover of plant species. In addition, in Los Angeles and Salt Lake City, full yard plant communities were also sampled for a plant community of the entire yard. "
American Residential Macrosystems - Quantitative Homeowner Survey Data, 2012
"We used a closed-ended survey to study the management practices and values of homeowners in six cities across the U.S. that span major ecological biomes and climatic regions: Baltimore, MD, Boston, MA, Los Angeles, CA, Miami, FL, Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN, Phoenix, AZ, and Salt Lake City, UT"
American Residential Macrosystems - Soil chemistry data within residential yards in six major metropolitan areas, 2012-2013
"In six major U.S. metropolitan cities (Boston, Baltimore, Los Angeles, Miami, Minneapolis/St. Paul, and Phoenix), 1-meter soil cores were collected to evaluate soil microbial carbon and nitrogen cycle processes that are sensitive to land management. Laboratory methods followed those used by Raciti et al. (2011a,b) to measure microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen content, microbial respiration, potential net nitrogen mineralization, potential net nitrification, potential denitrification, and pools of extractable ammonium and nitrate. "
American Residential Macrosystems - GIS shapefiles and Land Cover Summaries, 2010-2014
This dataset was created as a part of the Ecological Homogenization of Urban America project. It represents shapefiles and land cover summary data for specific parcels throughout the greater Baltimore, MD, Boston, MA, Los Angeles, CA, Miami, FL, Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN, and Phoenix, AZ areas.
Macrosystems EDDIE Module 4: Macro-Scale Feedbacks
Environmental phenomena are often driven by multiple factors that interact across space and over time. In freshwater lakes and reservoirs worldwide, carbon cycling and subsequent carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) fluxes are changing due to local, regional, and continental drivers. In this module, students will learn how to set up a lake model and "force" the model with climate scenarios to test hypotheses about how local and global drivers will interact to promote or suppress greenhouse gas fluxes in different lakes. The overarching goal of this module is for students to explore new modeling and computing tools while learning fundamental concepts about how non-linear macrosystem-level phenomena (e.g., lake greenhouse gas fluxes) can occur through macro-scale feedbacks. The A-B-C structure of this module makes it flexible and adaptable to a range of student levels and course structures. This dataset contains instructional materials and the files necessary to run the complete module. Readers are referred to the GLM science manual (Hipsey et al. 2014; 2019) for further details on model configuration.
American Residential Macrosystems - Soil Carbon and Nitrogen from seven North American Cities, 2008-2015
"We studied soil inorganic and total carbon (%C), nitrogen (%N) and carbon (?13C) and nitrogen (?15N) isotopic composition in residential yards and paired native ecosystems in six cities across the U.S. that span major ecological biomes and climatic regions: Baltimore, Boston, Los Angeles, Miami, Minneapolis-St. Paul, and Phoenix. "
American Residential Macrosystems - Plant Leaf Carbon and Nitrogen from seven North American Cities, 2008-2015
We studied plant carbon (%C), nitrogen (%N) and carbon and (δ13C) nitrogen isotopic composition (δ15N) in residential yards and paired native ecosystems in seven cities across the U.S. that span major ecological biomes and climatic regions: Baltimore, Boston, Los Angeles, Miami, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Phoenix, and Salt Lake City.
American Residential Macrosystems
In seven major U.S. metropolitan cities (Boston, Baltimore, Los Angeles, Miami, Minneapolis�St. Paul, Salt Lake City, and Phoenix), 1m2 plots were sampled in residential front and backyards, as well as nearby natural areas, in order to evaluate the plant community composition, diversity, and percent cover of plant species. In addition, in Los Angeles and Salt Lake City, full yard plant communities were also sampled for a plant community of the entire yard.
Macrosystems Soil Temperature and Soil Moisture at NWT, CWT, HFR, HJA, LUQ, and BCI - 2011-2013
Patterns of biodiversity, such as the increase toward the tropics and the peaked curve during ecological succession, are fundamental phenomena for ecology. Such patterns have multiple, interacting causes, but temperature emerges as a dominant factor across organisms from microbes to trees and mammals, and across terrestrial, marine, and freshwater environments. However, there is little consensus on the underlying mechanisms, even as global temperatures increase and the need to predict their effects becomes more pressing. The purpose of this project is to generate and test theory for how temperature impacts biodiversity through its effect on biochemical processes and metabolic rate. A combination of standardized surveys in the field and controlled experiments in the field and laboratory measure diversity of three taxa -- trees, invertebrates, and microbes -- and key biogeochemical processes of decomposition in seven forests distributed along a geographic gradient of increasing temperature from cold temperate to warm tropical. Readings of soil temperature and soil moisture were taken from all five Gentry tree plots at each of the six macrosystems project experimental sites (HJ Andrews, Coweeta, Harvard Forest, Luquillo, Niwot Ridge, and Barro Colorado Island), recorded by a HOBO device installed by the Enquist Lab (University of Arizona) as part of this macrosystems biodiversity and latitude project supported by the National Science Foundation under Cooperative Agreement DEB#1065836.
Macrosystems Soil Chemistry and Moisture Measurements at HFR, HJA, LUQ, NWT, CWT, and BCI
Patterns of biodiversity, such as the increase toward the tropics and the peaked curve during ecological succession, are fundamental phenomena for ecology. Such patterns have multiple, interacting causes, but temperature emerges as a dominant factor across organisms from microbes to trees and mammals, and across terrestrial, marine, and freshwater environments. However, there is little consensus on the underlying mechanisms, even as global temperatures increase and the need to predict their effects becomes more pressing. The purpose of this project is to generate and test theory for how temperature impacts biodiversity through its effect on biochemical processes and metabolic rate. A combination of standardized surveys in the field and controlled experiments in the field and laboratory measure diversity of three taxa -- trees, invertebrates, and microbes -- and key biogeochemical processes of decomposition in seven forests distributed along a geographic gradient of increasing temperature from cold temperate to warm tropical. Soil chemistry (TN, TC, NH4-N, NO3-N, and pH) and moisture measurements were taken from soil cores from an array of 21 1m2 subplots at NWT, HJA, HFR, CWT, LUQ and BCI experimental sites and processed by the University of Oklahoma Institute for Environmental Genomics as part of a macrosystems biodiversity and latitude project supported by the National Science Foundation under Cooperative Agreement DEB#1065836.
Macrosystems 16S rRNA Genes for Bacteria and Archaea at HJA, HFR, BCI, CWT, LUQ, and NWT - UPARSE Resample 20K
Patterns of biodiversity, such as the increase toward the tropics and the peaked curve during ecological succession, are fundamental phenomena for ecology. Such patterns have multiple, interacting causes, but temperature emerges as a dominant factor across organisms from microbes to trees and mammals, and across terrestrial, marine, and freshwater environments. However, there is little consensus on the underlying mechanisms, even as global temperatures increase and the need to predict their effects becomes more pressing. The purpose of this project is to generate and test theory for how temperature impacts biodiversity through its effect on biochemical processes and metabolic rate. A combination of standardized surveys in the field and controlled experiments in the field and laboratory measure diversity of three taxa -- trees, invertebrates, and microbes -- and key biogeochemical processes of decomposition in seven forests distributed along a geographic gradient of increasing temperature from cold temperate to warm tropical. This data set captures temperature-dependent latitudinal microbial diversity sampled for in forest soils based on taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity observed on 16S rRNA genes for bacteria and archaea by the University of Oklahoma Institute for Environmental Genomics as part of a macrosystems biodiversity and latitude project supported by the National Science Foundation under Cooperative Agreement DEB#1065836.
Macrosystems Gigante Soil Sample Data on N, P, K and Micronutrient Treated Plots 16S rRNA Resampled
Patterns of biodiversity, such as the increase toward the tropics and the peaked curve during ecological succession, are fundamental phenomena for ecology. Such patterns have multiple, interacting causes, but temperature emerges as a dominant factor across organisms from microbes to trees and mammals, and across terrestrial, marine, and freshwater environments. However, there is little consensus on the underlying mechanisms, even as global temperatures increase and the need to predict their effects becomes more pressing. The purpose of this project is to generate and test theory for how temperature impacts biodiversity through its effect on biochemical processes and metabolic rate. A combination of standardized surveys in the field and controlled experiments in the field and laboratory measure diversity of three taxa -- trees, invertebrates, and microbes -- and key biogeochemical processes of decomposition in seven forests distributed along a geographic gradient of increasing temperature from cold temperate to warm tropical. This data set captures abundance of OTUs (Operational Taxonomic Units) sampled for in forest soils at the Gigante Peninsula plots in Panama. Prior to macrosystems collection, these plots had been fertilized with N, P, K, and micronutrients for 14 years. This data represents abundance of 16S rRNA genes in soil samples at Gigante processed by the University of Oklahoma Institute for Environmental Genomics as part of a macrosystems biodiversity and latitude project supported by the National Science Foundation under Cooperative Agreement DEB#1065836.
Macrosystems Gigante Soil Sample Data on N, P, K and Micronutrient Treated Plots - ITS Resampled
Patterns of biodiversity, such as the increase toward the tropics and the peaked curve during ecological succession, are fundamental phenomena for ecology. Such patterns have multiple, interacting causes, but temperature emerges as a dominant factor across organisms from microbes to trees and mammals, and across terrestrial, marine, and freshwater environments. However, there is little consensus on the underlying mechanisms, even as global temperatures increase and the need to predict their effects becomes more pressing. The purpose of this project is to generate and test theory for how temperature impacts biodiversity through its effect on biochemical processes and metabolic rate. A combination of standardized surveys in the field and controlled experiments in the field and laboratory measure diversity of three taxa -- trees, invertebrates, and microbes -- and key biogeochemical processes of decomposition in seven forests distributed along a geographic gradient of increasing temperature from cold temperate to warm tropical. This data set captures abundance of OTUs (Operational Taxonomic Units) sampled for in forest soils at the Gigante Peninsula plots in Panama. Prior to macrosystems collection, these plots had been fertilized with N, P, K, and micronutrients for 14 years. This data represents abundance of ITS (fungi) genes in soil samples at Gigante processed by the University of Oklahoma Institute for Environmental Genomics as part of a macrosystems biodiversity and latitude project supported by the National Science Foundation under Cooperative Agreement DEB#1065836.
Macrosystems Double Down Experiment 16S Resampled
Patterns of biodiversity, such as the increase toward the tropics and the peaked curve during ecological succession, are fundamental phenomena for ecology. Such patterns have multiple, interacting causes, but temperature emerges as a dominant factor across organisms from microbes to trees and mammals, and across terrestrial, marine, and freshwater environments. However, there is little consensus on the underlying mechanisms, even as global temperatures increase and the need to predict their effects becomes more pressing. The purpose of this project is to generate and test theory for how temperature impacts biodiversity through its effect on biochemical processes and metabolic rate. A combination of standardized surveys in the field and controlled experiments in the field and laboratory measure diversity of three taxa -- trees, invertebrates, and microbes -- and key biogeochemical processes of decomposition in seven forests distributed along a geographic gradient of increasing temperature from cold temperate to warm tropical. This data set captures abundance of microbial OTUs (Operational Taxonomic Units) sampled for in forest soils from HJ Andrews and Niwot that were incubated in a lab at different temperatures and then tested for species diversity. The sampling and incubation were done by the Kaspari Ant Lab and University of Oklahoma and the genetics data were processed by the University of Oklahoma Institute for Environmental Genomics as part of a macrosystems biodiversity and latitude project supported by the National Science Foundation under Cooperative Agreement DEB#1065836.
Macrosystems Gentry Tree Sampling Plot Latitude, Longitude, and Elevation for HJA, HFR, BCI, CWT, LUQ, and NWT
Patterns of biodiversity, such as the increase toward the tropics and the peaked curve during ecological succession, are fundamental phenomena for ecology. Such patterns have multiple, interacting causes, but temperature emerges as a dominant factor across organisms from microbes to trees and mammals, and across terrestrial, marine, and freshwater environments. However, there is little consensus on the underlying mechanisms, even as global temperatures increase and the need to predict their effects becomes more pressing. The purpose of this project is to generate and test theory for how temperature impacts biodiversity through its effect on biochemical processes and metabolic rate. A combination of standardized surveys in the field and controlled experiments in the field and laboratory measure diversity of three taxa -- trees, invertebrates, and microbes -- and key biogeochemical processes of decomposition in seven forests distributed along a geographic gradient of increasing temperature from cold temperate to warm tropical. This dataset contains the latitudes, longitudes, and elevations of the five Gentry subplots set up for measuring tree growth at each experimental site. These plots were installed by the Enquist Lab and the University of Arizona as part of this macrosystems biodiversity and latitude project supported by the National Science Foundation under Cooperative Agreement DEB#1065836.
Macrosystems D-Dert Experiment 16S Sequencing Results Generated by UClust
Patterns of biodiversity, such as the increase toward the tropics and the peaked curve during ecological succession, are fundamental phenomena for ecology. Such patterns have multiple, interacting causes, but temperature emerges as a dominant factor across organisms from microbes to trees and mammals, and across terrestrial, marine, and freshwater environments. However, there is little consensus on the underlying mechanisms, even as global temperatures increase and the need to predict their effects becomes more pressing. The purpose of this project is to generate and test theory for how temperature impacts biodiversity through its effect on biochemical processes and metabolic rate. A combination of standardized surveys in the field and controlled experiments in the field and laboratory measure diversity of three taxa -- trees, invertebrates, and microbes -- and key biogeochemical processes of decomposition in seven forests distributed along a geographic gradient of increasing temperature from cold temperate to warm tropical. D-Dert is a lab incubation experiment to test the effect of temperature on biodiversity. Metagenomic DNA of each sample was extracted and then sequenced using 16S sequencing by the University of Oklahoma Institute for Environmental Genomics as part of a macrosystems biodiversity and latitude project supported by the National Science Foundation under Cooperative Agreement DEB#1065836.
Macrosystems VIDA Tree Growth Simulation - 100 by 100 World 30 Species
Patterns of biodiversity, such as the increase toward the tropics and the peaked curve during ecological succession, are fundamental phenomena for ecology. Such patterns have multiple, interacting causes, but temperature emerges as a dominant factor across organisms from microbes to trees and mammals, and across terrestrial, marine, and freshwater environments. However, there is little consensus on the underlying mechanisms, even as global temperatures increase and the need to predict their effects becomes more pressing. The purpose of this project is to generate and test theory for how temperature impacts biodiversity through its effect on biochemical processes and metabolic rate. A combination of standardized surveys in the field and controlled experiments in the field and laboratory measure diversity of three taxa -- trees, invertebrates, and microbes -- and key biogeochemical processes of decomposition in seven forests distributed along a geographic gradient of increasing temperature from cold temperate to warm tropical. This dataset was based on simulations run by VIDA, a software suite that attempts to model the growth of individual trees using empirically derived--or randomly chosen--values for use with allometric relationships. By modeling the behavior of an individual tree, it is possible to model population dynamics in a spatially explicit simulation space. The modeling was done by Sean Hammond at The Brown Lab (PI, Jim Brown) at the University of New Mexico as part of a macrosystems biodiversity and latitude project supported by the National Science Foundation under Cooperative Agreement DEB#1065836.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.