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28 results for “maternal provisioning”
Data from: Active foraging for toxic prey during gestation in a snake with maternal provisioning of sequestered chemical defenses
Many animals sequester dietary defensive compounds and incorporate them into the offspring, which protects the young against predation. One possible but poorly investigated question is whether females of such species actively prey upon toxic diets. The snake Rhabdophis tigrinus sequesters defensive steroids from toads consumed as prey; it also feeds on other amphibians. Females produce chemically armed offspring in direct proportion to their own level of toad-derived toxins by provisioning the toxins to their eggs. Our field observations of movements and stomach contents of radio-tracked R. tigrinus showed that gravid snakes preyed upon toads by actively foraging in the habitat of toads, even though toads were a scarce resource and toad-searching may incur potential costs. Our Y-maze experiments demonstrated that gravid females were more likely to trail the chemical cues of toads than were males or non-gravid females. These results showed behavioural switching in females and active foraging for scarce, toxic prey during gestation. Because exploitation of toads by gravid females results in their offspring being more richly endowed with prey-derived toxins, active foraging for toxic prey is expected to be an adaptive antipredator trait, which may enhance chemical defence in offspring.
Mode of maternal provisioning in the fish genus Phalloceros: a variation on the theme of matrotrophy
<p>The placenta is a complex organ that shows high morphological diversity. Among fish, the first vertebrates that have evolved a placenta, the family Poeciliidae exhibits very diverse modes of maternal provisioning even among congeneric species. Here, we investigated the embryonic growth curve across seven recently-described species of the highly diverse genus Phalloceros (Eigenmann, 1907). We also investigated possible intraspecific differences and whether other female characteristics affected embryo mass. We found that embryo mass decreased until around stage 20 and then increased, resulting in 1.5 to 3-fold mass gain from fertilization to birth. Embryo mass changed non-linearly with stage of development and was affected by species identity (or locality) and female somatic dry mass. This initial loss then gain of embryonic mass during development is unique among other Poeciliidae species and was conserved across populations and species, even though size at birth can vary. Other species instead either lose mass if they lack placentas or gain mass exponentially if they have placentas. The Phalloceros mode of maternal provisioning could thus represent a different form from that seen in other species of Poeciliidae.</p>
Data from: Offspring provisioning explains clone specific maternal age effects on life history and lifespan in the water flea, Daphnia pulex
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Microbiota associated with echinoid eggs and the implications for maternal provisioning
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Data from: Maternal provisioning is structured by species’ competitive neighborhoods
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Data from: Active foraging for toxic prey during gestation in a snake with maternal provisioning of sequestered chemical defenses
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Mode of maternal provisioning in the fish genus Phalloceros: a variation on the theme of matrotrophy
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Neuronal control of maternal provisioning in response to social cues
GEO Series GSE174646. Caenorhabditis elegans. 7 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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