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61 results for “mating response”
Brain size affects responsiveness in mating behavior to variation in predation pressure and sex-ratio
<p>Despite ongoing advances in sexual selection theory, the evolution of mating decisions remains enigmatic. Cognitive processes often require simultaneous processing of multiple sources of information from environmental and social cues. However, little experimental data exist on how cognitive ability affects such fitness-associated aspects of behavior. Using advanced tracking techniques, we studied mating behaviors of guppies artificially selected for divergence in relative brain size, with known differences in cognitive ability, when predation threat and sex-ratio was varied. In females, we found a general increase in copulation behavior in when the sex-ratio was female biased, but only large-brained females responded with greater willingness to copulate under a low predation threat. In males, we found that small-brained individuals courted more intensively and displayed more aggressive behaviors than large-brained individuals. However, there were no differences in female response to males with different brain size. These results provide further evidence of a role for female brain size in optimal decision-making in a mating context. In addition, our results indicate that brain size may affect mating display skill in male guppies. We suggest that it is important to consider the association between brain size, cognitive ability and sexual behavior when studying how morphological and behavioral traits evolve in wild populations.</p>
Using positive-to-negative behavioural responses to evaluate treefrog mate choice
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Data from: Contrasting responses of pre- and post-copulatory traits to variation in mating competition
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Data from: Reinforcement and a cline in mating behavior evolve in response to secondary contact and hybridization in shield-back katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)
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Male mating success evolves in response to increased levels of male-male competition
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Divergent neurogenomic responses shape social learning of both personality and mate preference
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Data from: Community composition affects the shape of mate response functions
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Brain size affects responsiveness in mating behavior to variation in predation pressure and sex-ratio
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Female differential allocation in response to extra-pair offspring and social mate attractiveness
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Data from: The heritability of mating behaviour in a fly and its plasticity in response to the threat of sperm competition
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Extraordinarily precise nematode sex ratios: adaptive responses to vanishingly rare mating opportunities
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Raw data for: Plastic male mating behaviour evolves in response to the competitive environment
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Data from: Precopulatory but not postcopulatory male reproductive traits diverge in response to mating system manipulation in Drosophila melanogaster
Competition between males creates potential for pre- and postcopulatory sexual selection and conflict. Theory predicts that males facing risk of sperm competition should evolve traits to secure their reproductive success. If those traits are costly to females, the evolution of such traits may also increase conflict between the sexes. Conversely, under the absence of sperm competition, one expectation is for selection on male competitive traits to relax thereby also relaxing sexual conflict. Experimental evolution studies are a powerful tool to test this expectation. Studies in multiple insect species have yielded mixed and partially conflicting results. In this study, we evaluated male competitive traits and male effects on female costs of mating in Drosophila melanogaster after replicate lines evolved for more than 50 generations either under enforced monogamy or sustained polygamy, thus manipulating the extent of intrasexual competition between males. We found that in a setting where males competed directly with a rival male for access to a female and fertilization of her ova polygamous males had superior reproductive success compared to monogamous males. When comparing reproductive success solely in double mating standard sperm competition assays, however, we found no difference in male sperm defense competitiveness between the different selection regimes. Instead, we found monogamous males to be inferior in precopulatory competition, which indicates that in our system, enforced monogamy relaxed selection on traits important in precopulatory rather than postcopulatory competition. We discuss our findings in the context of findings from previous experimental evolution studies in Drosophila ssp. and other invertebrate species.
Data from: Mating with an allopatric male triggers immune response and decreases longevity of ant queens
In species with lifelong pair bonding, the reproductive interests of the mating partners are aligned, and males and females are expected to jointly maximize their reproductive success. Mating increases both longevity and fecundity of female reproductives (queens) of the ant Cardiocondyla obscurior, indicating a tight co-evolution of mating partners. Here, we show that mating with a male from their own population increases lifespan and reproductive success of queens more than mating with a male from a different population, with whom they could not co-evolve. A comparison of transcriptomes revealed an increased expression of genes involved in immunity processes in queens, which mated with males from a different population. Increased immune response might be proximately associated with decreased lifespan. Our study suggests a synergistic co-evolution between the sexes and sheds light on the proximate mechanisms underlying the decreased fitness of allopatrically mated queens.
Data from: The role of species-specific sensory cues in male responses to mating rivals in Drosophila melanogaster fruitflies
Complex sets of cues can be important in recognising and responding to conspecific mating competitors and avoiding potentially costly heterospecific competitive interactions. Within Drosophila. melanogaster, males can detect sensory inputs from conspecifics to assess the level of competition. They respond to rivals by significantly extending mating duration and gain significant fitness benefits from doing so. Here, we tested the idea that the multiple sensory cues used by D. melanogaster males to detect conspecifics also function to minimise 'off-target' responses to heterospecific males that they might encounter (D. simulans, D. yakuba. D. pseudoobscura or D. virilis). Focal D. melanogaster males exposed to D. simulans or D. pseudoobscura subsequently increased mating duration, but to a lesser extent than following exposure to conspecific rivals. The magnitude of rivals responses expressed by D. melanogaster males did not align with genetic distance between species and none of the sensory manipulations caused D. melanogaster to respond to males of all other species tested. However, when we removed or provided 'false' sensory cues, D. melanogaster males became more likely to show increased mating duration responses to heterospecific males. We suggest that benefits of avoiding inaccurate assessment of the competitive environment may shape the evolution of recognition cues.
Data from: The evolutionary response of mating system to heterosis
Isolation allows populations to diverge and to fix different alleles. Deleterious alleles that reach locally high frequencies contribute to genetic load, especially in inbred or selfing populations, in which selection is relaxed. In the event of secondary contact, the recessive portion of the genetic load is masked in the hybrid offspring, producing heterosis. This advantage, only attainable through outcrossing, should favor evolution of greater outcrossing even if inbreeding depression has been purged from the contributing populations. Why, then, are selfing-to-outcrossing transitions not more common? To evaluate the evolutionary response of mating system to heterosis, we model two monomorphic populations of entirely selfing individuals, introduce a modifier allele that increases the rate of outcrossing, and investigate whether the heterosis among populations is sufficient for the modifier to invade and fix. We find that the outcrossing mutation invades for many parameter choices, but it rarely fixes unless populations harbor extremely large unique fixed genetic loads. Reversions to outcrossing become more likely as the load becomes more polygenic, or when the modifier appears on a rare background, such as by dispersal of an outcrossing genotype into a selfing population. More often, the outcrossing mutation instead rises to moderate frequency, which allows recombination in hybrids to produce superior haplotypes that can spread without the mutation's further assistance. The transience of heterosis can therefore explain why secondary contact does not commonly yield selfing-to-outcrossing transitions.
Data from: Variation in female mate preference in response to eavesdropping "interloper" males
Eavesdropping by conspecific males that are competing for mates has been demonstrated across a variety of taxa. However, few studies have investigated how eavesdropping may actually impact female mating decisions. Specifically, females may change their mating preferences based on whether the eavesdropping male varies in its phenotype (e.g., expression of condition-indicating secondary sexual characters or courtship vigor) relative to the male that initiated courtship. We examined variation in female preferences in the context of eavesdropping in the brush-legged wolf spider, Schizocosa ocreata. Female S. ocreata typically prefer males with large tufts and males that court at higher rates. In live mating trials, however, females preferentially mated with the males that courted first. It has yet to be investigated whether female preferences change when males of varying phenotypes are encountered sequentially, as might be expected in an eavesdropping context. We used video playback experiments to introduce females to a virtual courting male (initial male), followed by a second virtual courting male thirty seconds later (interloper male). We separately manipulated 2 aspects of male courtship (tuft size and courtship vigor) to measure female responses to an interloper male of lower, higher, or equal phenotypic expression. For both traits, females had an overall preference for the initial males. However, when the interloper male had large tufts or had high courtship vigor, female S. ocreata shifted the relative number of their receptivity displays. These results suggest that eavesdropping could be beneficial for interloper males, but the benefits may vary depending on the male's phenotype.
Fig. 2 in Effects of male age and mating status on response to the female sex pheromone of Copitarsia decolora (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Fig. 2. Depolarization (mean ± SEM) of virgin male antennae in response to a glandular extract of female sex pheromone (3FE) by male age. Bars headed by the same letter are not significantly different (Tukey's mean separation test, n = 6, P <0.05).
Data Repository Assortative mate choice in Heliothis subflexa females in response to Ophryocystis elektroscirrha-like
<p>The repository of data gathered during the bachelor project.</p>
Data from: Rearing temperature influences adult response to changes in mating status
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.