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opencc-by-4.0Jun 2013View details →

Fig. 1 in Dental microwear of a Late Triassic dinosauriform, Silesaurus opolensis

Fig. 1. Microwear on the wear facet of the tooth from the left maxilla (ZPAL Ab III/1218) Silesaurus opolensis Dzik, 2003 from the Upper Triassic; Krasiejów, Poland. A. Lingual view of left maxilla; the tooth in the dashed-lined box preserves microwear features on its wear facet. B. SEM image of the mold of the tooth; the wear facet at the crown apex (dashed-lined rectangle) is magnified. C. SEM image of the impression of the entire wear facet. SEM images taken at 300× magnification were combined to compose this image. Note that the disto-labial region enclosed by a dashed-lined rectangle is more densely scratched than the rest of the wear facet. D. Rose diagram of scratch orientations of the whole wear facet. An open arrow indicates the orientation of the mean vector of the scratches (n = 176). E. Rose diagram of scratch orientations of the disto-labial region, the area enclosed by the dashed-lined rectangle in C. An open arrow indicates the orientation of the mean vector of the scratches (n = 73). The diagram shows that scratches are more aligned in this area than in the wear facet as a whole.

Fig. 3 in Mandible morphometrics, dental microwear pattern, and palaeobiology of the extinct Balearic Dormouse Hypnomys morpheus

Fig. 3. Shape differentiation of the mandible on the first two axes of the Principal Components Analysis (PCA) performed on Fourier coefficients of the mandibles. Outlines are reconstructed on the first two canonical axes, the light grey outline represents the maximum values of the axes, and the dark grey outline corresponds to extreme reconstruction.

Fig. 4 in Mandible morphometrics, dental microwear pattern, and palaeobiology of the extinct Balearic Dormouse Hypnomys morpheus

Fig. 4. Plot of the discriminant analysis of the shape coordinates (the first twelve PCS, i.e., 98% of the interspecific shape variance) versus geographic range.

Fig. 1 in Mandible morphometrics, dental microwear pattern, and palaeobiology of the extinct Balearic Dormouse Hypnomys morpheus

Fig. 1. Zygomasseteric construction in Balearic dormice. A. Skull of extant Eliomys quercinus ophiusae (MNHN1983−832) in lateral (A1) and anterior (A2) views. B. Skull of Hypnomys morpheus in lateral (B1) and anterior (B2) views. Arrows show the origin and the insertion of the lateral portions of the masseter. The skull of Hypnomys morpheus (B) corresponds to a reconstruction. Eliomys and Hypnomys are represented at the same scale. The map summarizes the evolutionary history of Balearic glirids—Hypnomys is a lineage derived from an Eliomys species isolated by the sea level rise that followed the Messinian salinity crisis, then Eliomys quercinus ophiusae followed the first human colonization (dashed arrow represents a hypothetical pathway of colonization).

Fig. 5 in Mandible morphometrics, dental microwear pattern, and palaeobiology of the extinct Balearic Dormouse Hypnomys morpheus

Fig. 5. Allometric relationship between the size (estimated from the square root of outline area) and the main shape signal (scores on the first principal components). The dashed line represents the linear regression between both variables for all extant glirids.

Fig. 6 in Mandible morphometrics, dental microwear pattern, and palaeobiology of the extinct Balearic Dormouse Hypnomys morpheus

Fig. 6. Digitized photographs of the protoconid of the second molars. A. Eliomys quercinus ophiusae (IMEDEA 7357), Formentera, Balearic Islands; extant specimen. B. Hypnomys morpheus (IMEDEA 63839), Cova Estreta, Pollença, Mallorca, Holocene. Note the higher number of fine scratches in Hypnomys.

opencc-zeroDec 2009View details →

FIG. 2 in Feeding habits of the first European colobine, (Mammalia, Primates): evidence from a comparative dental microwear analysis with modern cercopithecids

FIG. 2. — Dental facets nine of second molars for extant and extinct cercopithecids displaying dental microwear scars: A, Nasalis larvatus (Wurmb, 1787) (ZSM-1907-4023); B, Lophocebus albigena (Gray, 1850) (RMCA-83-006-0276); C, Chlorocebus aethiops (Linnaeus, 1758) (MNHN-CG-1972-309); D, Papio hamadryas hamadryas Linnaeus, 1758 (SNG-15831); E, Mesopithecus delsoni/ pentelicus (HD-340); F, M. pentelicus (NHMW-1998z77-14). Scale bars: 300 μm.

opencc-by-4.0May 2009View details →

Figure 6 in Dental microwear in the orthodentine of the Xenarthra (Mammalia) and its use in reconstructing the palaeodiet of extinct taxa: the case study of Nothrotheriops shastensis (Xenarthra, Tardigrada, Nothrotheriidae)

Figure 6. Hierarchical cluster dendrogram (same method as Fig. 3) including Nothrotheriops shastensis among all extant xenarthran taxa. Note that N. shastensis clusters with extant folivores (Bradypus).

opencc-by-4.0May 2009View details →

Figure 3 in Dental microwear in the orthodentine of the Xenarthra (Mammalia) and its use in reconstructing the palaeodiet of extinct taxa: the case study of Nothrotheriops shastensis (Xenarthra, Tardigrada, Nothrotheriidae)

Figure 3. Hierarchical cluster dendrogram of microwear variables for all extant xenarthran species in this study. Euclidean distance measure is used. Note that folivores (Bradypus) cluster together (shaded area).

opencc-by-4.0May 2009View details →

Figure 4 in Dental microwear in the orthodentine of the Xenarthra (Mammalia) and its use in reconstructing the palaeodiet of extinct taxa: the case study of Nothrotheriops shastensis (Xenarthra, Tardigrada, Nothrotheriidae)

Figure 4. Plot of mean scratch and pit values for individual Cabassous centralis specimens (N = 11) in relation to extant xenarthran dietary ecomorphospaces from Fig. 2. The four individuals with highest scratch values are labelled by specimen number for reference within text.

opencc-zeroNov 2020View details →

Data from: Dietary constraints of phytosaurian reptiles revealed by dental microwear textural analysis

Phytosaurs are a group of large, semi-aquatic archosaurian reptiles from the Middle–Late Triassic. They have often been interpreted as carnivorous or piscivorous due to their large size, morphological similarity to extant crocodilians and preservation in fluvial, lacustrine and coastal deposits. However, these dietary hypotheses are difficult to test, meaning that phytosaur ecologies and their roles in Triassic food webs remain incompletely constrained. Here, we apply dental microwear textural analysis to the three-dimensional sub-micrometre scale tooth surface textures that form during food consumption to provide the first quantitative dietary constraints for five species of phytosaur. We furthermore explore the impacts of tooth position and cranial robusticity on phytosaur microwear textures. We find subtle systematic texture differences between teeth from different positions along phytosaur tooth rows, which we interpret to be the result of different loading pressures experienced during food consumption, rather than functional partitioning of food processing along tooth rows. We find rougher microwear textures in morphologically robust taxa. This may be the result of seizing and processing larger prey items compared to those captured by gracile taxa, rather than dietary differences per se. We reveal relatively low dietary diversity between our study phytosaurs and that individual species show a lack of dietary specialisation. Species are predominantly carnivorous and/or piscivorous, with two taxa exhibiting slight preferences for 'harder' invertebrates. Our results provide strong evidence for higher degrees of ecological convergence between phytosaurs and extant crocodilians than previously appreciated, furthering our understanding of the functioning and evolution of Triassic ecosystems.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2022View details →

Dental microwear and mesowear raw data for European and East Asian Late Pleistocene hyenas Crocuta spelaea and C. ultima ussurica

Raw microwear data related to the paper "Comparison of paleodiet and niches of European and East Asian Late Pleistocene hyenas Crocuta spelaea and C. ultima ussurica based on the study of tooth microwear"

opencc-zeroNov 2022View details →

Data from: First application of dental microwear texture analysis to infer theropod feeding ecology

Theropods were the dominating apex predators in most Jurassic and Cretaceous terrestrial ecosystems. Their feeding ecology has always been of great interest, and new computational methods have yielded more detailed reconstructions of differences in theropod feedings behaviour. Many approaches however rely on well-preserved skulls. Dental microwear texture analysis (DMTA) is potentially applicable to isolated teeth, and here employed for the first time to investigate dietary ecology of theropods. In particular, we test whether tyrannosaurids show DMT associated with more hard-object feeding than compared to Allosaurus – which would be a sign for higher levels of osteophagy, as has often been suggested. We find no significant difference in complexity and roughness of enamel surfaces between Herrerasaurus, Allosaurus, and tyrannosaurids, which conflicts with inferences of more frequent osteophagic behaviour in Tyrannosaurus as compared to other theropods. Orientation of wear features reveals a more pronounced bi-directional puncture-and-pull feeding mode in Allosaurus than in tyrannosaurids. Our results further indicate ontogenetic niche shift in theropods and crocodylians, significantly larger height parameters in juvenile theropods might indicate frequent scavenging, resulting in more bone-tooth contact during feeding. Overall, DMTA is found to be very similar between theropods and extant large, broad-snouted crocodylians and shows great similarity in feeding ecology of theropod apex predators throughout the Mesozoic.

Fig. 2 in Mandible morphometrics, dental microwear pattern, and palaeobiology of the extinct Balearic Dormouse Hypnomys morpheus

Fig. 2. Distribution of the area (A) and circularity (B) of the mandibles of Hypnomys and Eliomys.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2022View details →

Dental microwear data for the ungulates from the Lazaret Cave

Raw data from the low-magnification analysis (x35) of dental microwear of the ungulates (Equus caballus, Cervus elaphus, Capreolus capreolus, Bos primigenius, Bison priscus, Capra ibex) from the Lazaret Cave

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2022View details →

Dental mesowear and microwear raw data for Cervus elaphus, Rupicapra pyrenaica and Sus scrofa from Balma del Gai; and the ANOVA - test for equal means

Quantitative data for the dental microwear and mesowear analyses on Cervus elaphus, Rupicapra pyrenaica and Sus scrofa from the Epipalaeolithic sequence of Balma del Gai (Moià, Spain). And the ANOVA - Test for equal means.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2022View details →

Dental microwear data for Anthracotherium sp. and Entelodon magnus from the Quercy Phosphorites formation

Raw data from the low-magnification analysis (x35) of dental microwear of Anthracotherium sp. and Entelodon magnus from the Quercy Phosphorites formation

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2022View details →

Supplementary information for: Dental microwear texture analysis reveals a likely dietary shift within Late Cretaceous ornithopod dinosaurs.

This supplementary information includes 19 datasets and 95 sur files. Dataset 1 to 11 and 13 to 19 are in one excel file (“1. Supplementary Dataset 1-11 13-17_MS.xlsx “) and each dataset is in a separate excel sheet. Dataset 12 is a nexus file that contains a phylogenetic tree of ornithischian dinosaurs used in the analysis of this study (“2. DatasetS12 tree.nex”). Other 95 sur format files are original 3D surface files that are obtained by scanning tooth surface of ornithischian tooth fossils using a laser microscope VK-9700. Sur file can be opened by a surface roughness software MountainsMap. Surface roughness parameters obtained from these Sur files are in Supplementary dataset 1. Datasets 13 to 19 are results of statistical analyses that excluded data from Thescelosaurs.   Below is an explanation for each dataset. Supplementary Dataset 1. Normalized dental microwear texture parameters. Supplementary Dataset 2. Results of the statistical analysis that examined effect of geological ages and enamel locations on each dental microwear texture parameter. Supplementary Dataset 3. Results of the statistical analysis that include body size as an explanatory variable. Supplementary Dataset 4.  Eigen values of principal components obtained by the PCA of dental microwear texture parameters. Supplementary Dataset 5. Loading matrix of the PCA. Supplementary Dataset 6. Results of statistical analyses that examined effect of geological ages and enamel locations on PC1 and PC2. Supplementary Dataset 7. Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of PC1. Supplementary Dataset 8. Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of Sdr. Supplementary Dataset 9. Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of Sha. Supplementary Dataset 10. Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of Sq. Supplementary Dataset 11. Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of Vvv. Supplementary Dataset 12. Phylogenetic trees used for the model fitting. Supplementary Dataset 13. Without Thescelosaurus: Results of the statistical analysis that examined effect of geological ages and enamel locations on each dental microwear texture parameter. Supplementary Dataset 14. Without Thescelosaurus: Results of statistical analyses that examined effect of geological ages and enamel locations on PC1 and PC2. Supplementary Dataset 15. Without Thescelosaurus: Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of PC1. Supplementary Dataset 16. Without Thescelosaurus: Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of Sdr. Supplementary Dataset 17. Without Thescelosaurus: Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of Sha. Supplementary Dataset 18. Without Thescelosaurus: Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of Sq. Supplementary Dataset 19. Without Thescelosaurus: Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of Vvv.

publicDec 2022View details →

Data from: First application of dental microwear texture analysis to infer theropod feeding ecology

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