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35 results for “mule deer”
Data from: Candidate adaptive genes associated with lineage divergence: identifying SNPs via next-generation targeted resequencing in mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus)
Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) are an excellent nonmodel species for empirically testing hypotheses in landscape and population genomics due to their large population sizes (low genetic drift), relatively continuous distribution, diversity of occupied habitats and phenotypic variation. Because few genomic resources are currently available for this species, we used exon data from a cattle (Bos taurus) reference genome to direct targeted resequencing of 5935 genes in mule deer. We sequenced approximately 3.75 Mbp at minimum 20X coverage in each of the seven mule deer, identifying 23 204 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within, or adjacent to, 6886 exons in 3559 genes. We found 91 SNP loci (from 69 genes) with putatively fixed allele frequency differences between the two major lineages of mule deer (mule deer and black-tailed deer), and our estimate of mean genetic divergence (genome-wide FST = 0.123) between these lineages was consistent with previous findings using microsatellite loci. We detected an over-representation of gamete generation and amino acid transport genes among the genes with SNPs exhibiting potentially fixed allele frequency differences between lineages. This targeted resequencing approach using exon capture techniques has identified a suite of loci that can be used in future research to investigate the genomic basis of adaptation and differentiation between black-tailed deer and mule deer. This study also highlights techniques (and an exon capture array) that will facilitate population genomic research in other cervids and nonmodel organisms.
Deer GPS and animal-borne camera data showing effects of gray wolves on niche overlap between mule and white-tailed deer in eastern Washington state
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Data from: The effect of terrain and female density on survival of neonatal white-tailed deer and mule deer fawns
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Snow depth, temperature, and residual forage experienced by migrating mule deer during autumn (2011–2020), Wyoming, USA
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Data for: Apparent stability masks underlying change in a mule deer herd with unmanaged chronic wasting disease
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Data from: Endemic chronic wasting disease causes mule deer population decline in Wyoming
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Data from: Hybrid swarm between divergent lineages of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus)
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Data from: Candidate adaptive genes associated with lineage divergence: identifying SNPs via next-generation targeted resequencing in mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus)
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Nutritional condition of mule deer in western Wyoming, USA
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Data from: Use of environmental sites by mule deer: a proxy for relative risk of chronic wasting disease exposure and transmission
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Movement and nutritional data of mule deer in Western Wyoming (December 2015–March 2021)
<p>For many species, behavioral modification is an effective strategy to mitigate negative effects of harsh and unpredictable environmental conditions. When behavioral modifications are not sufficient to mitigate extreme environmental conditions, intrinsic factors may be the primary determinant of overwinter survival. We investigated how movement behavior, and internal (i.e., nutrition and age) and external (i.e., food availability and snow depth) states affect survival over winter of a long-lived and highly faithful species (mule deer; <em>Odocoileus</em> <em>hemionus</em>). We first tested if animals changed their behavior during winter based on internal and external states; we subsequently investigated how behavior and state interacted to influence survival risks in the face of extraordinary winter conditions. Movement behavior changed minimally as a function of age and nutrition; and yet, movement behavior affected survival—animals that exhibited more restricted movements were more likely to succumb to mortality overwinter compared with animals with less restricted movements. Additionally, nutrition and cumulative snow depth had a strong effect on survival; animals that were exposed to deep snow and began winter with low fat were much less likely to survive. Behavior was an effective tool in securing survival during mild or moderate winters, but nutrition ultimately underpinned survival during harsh winters.</p>
Movement and nutritional data of mule deer in Western Wyoming (December 2015–March 2021)
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Movement and nutritional data of mule deer in Western Wyoming (December 2013–December 2021)
<ol> <li>For species that inhabit environments where resource availability may be unpredictable, balance of resource allocation to life-history traits can have heightened consequences for survival, reproduction, and ultimately, fitness. Acquisition and allocation of energy to maintenance, capital gain, and reproduction should be in tune with the landscape an animal inhabits—environmental severity, food availability, and population size all influence the resources animals have and dictate the ways they should be allocated.</li> <li>In seasonal environments, animals that experience periods of extreme resource limitation (e.g., harsh winters) may favor allocation of resources to body reserves to secure their survival at the cost of reproduction (i.e., risk-averse). In contrast, the same accumulation of body reserves may not be necessary to survive in relatively benign landscapes where instead, allocation to reproduction is favored (i.e., risk-prone).</li> <li>According to theory of risk-sensitive allocation of resources, when animals are exposed to unprecedented or life-threatening conditions, they may shift resource allocation to favor building capital over allocation in reproduction to preempt against encountering another life-threatening event in the future.</li> <li>Using data from a long-term project on a highly site-faithful and long-lived species, mule deer (<em>Odocoileus</em> <em>hemionus</em>), we evaluated how a life-threatening winter and the associated changes in resource availability resulting from a population reduction influenced how animals acquired and allocated energy to survival (i.e., fat accumulation).</li> <li>Per capita precipitation, and the associated reduction in population abundance after the severe winter, had a positive influence of accrual of fat over summer. After the extreme physiological stress of a hard winter, deer starting spring with low body reserves accumulated 2.8 percentage points more fat over summer compared with before the experience of a bad winter and had an increased probability of recruiting fewer offspring. Fat stores can interact with environment, life-history, and behavior to influence survival during periods of resource scarcity.</li> <li>For a long-lived herbivore, we documented shifts in risk tolerance associated with fat accrual in preparation for winter, supporting the notion that risk-sensitive allocation of resources may be plastic–an essential adaptation for animals to cope with rapidly changing landscapes.</li> </ol>
Movement and nutritional data of mule deer in Western Wyoming (December 2013–December 2021)
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On following pages 37 Mule Deer IOdocoı/eııs hemıonus) 38 Marsh Deer (Blastocerus dıchoromus) 39 Pampas Huemul (Hrppocamelus brsulcusl 42 Northern Pudu (Pudu mephıstophılesl. 43 Southern Pudu (Pudu pude) Deer (Ozoroceros bezoartrcusl, 40 North Andean Huomul (Hıppocamelus anrrsensrsl, 41 South Andean in Cervidae
On following pages 37 Mule Deer IOdocoı/eııs hemıonus) 38 Marsh Deer (Blastocerus dıchoromus) 39 Pampas Huemul (Hrppocamelus brsulcusl 42 Northern Pudu (Pudu mephıstophılesl. 43 Southern Pudu (Pudu pude) Deer (Ozoroceros bezoartrcusl, 40 North Andean Huomul (Hıppocamelus anrrsensrsl, 41 South Andean
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.