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149 results for “offset”
Subpixel offsets of Copernicus Sentinel 2 data, related to the displacement field of the Sulawesi Earthquake (2018, Mw 7.5)
<p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi">Sulawesi</a> lies within a complex fault system located between the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Plate">Australian</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Plate">Pacific</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Sea_Plate">Philippine</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunda_Plate">Sunda Plates</a>. The main active structure onshore at the western part of Central Sulawesi is the left-lateral NNW-SSE trending <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palu-Koro_fault">Palu-Koro</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strike-slip_Fault">strike-slip fault</a> that forms the boundary between the North Sula and Makassar blocks. On 28 September 2018, a large tsunamigenic <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthquake">earthquake</a> (Mw 7.5) struck the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minahasa_Peninsula">Minahasa Peninsula</a>, Indonesia. The earthquake caused massive damages near Palu city, including onshore gravitational instabilities and a tsunami.</p> <p>These data are the result of subpixel image correlation on Copernicus Sentinel-2 data (17 September 2018 and 2 October 2018) to derive the two-dimensional (East-West and North-South) horizontal co-seismic displacement field. In these data, the displacement field is expressed in meters. These results show a dominant senextral strike-slip motion on the onshore part of the Palu-Koro fault. Maximum displacement at the surface reached more than 8 meters at the location of Palu city. Processing is performed with COSI-CORR (Leprince et al., 2007). Data value higher than | 10 | meters should be considered as noise and disregarded. I used a correlation window size of 32 pixels with a sampling step of 16 pixels. A ramp has been removed from (separately) the North-South offsets and from the East-West offsets. The files are rasters of floating point values, served with a header file readable by ENVI software.</p> <p>Sign conventions:</p> <p>-North-South offsets: positive values to the North.</p> <p>- East-West offsets: positive values to the West.</p> <p> </p> <p><a href="http://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2018/10/Indonesia_earthquake_displacement_data">http://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2018/10/Indonesia_earthquake_displacement_data</a></p> <p><strong>Copyright:</strong> Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data (2018), processed at the French Geological Survey (BRGM)</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Emotion recognition: social appraisal and offset task, 8-12 yo.
<p>Data from social appraisal task and offset task in 57 8-12 yo. school children, with pedagogy school type information.</p>
Subpixel optical correlation co-seismic offsets for the Mw 6.4 and Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest, California earthquakes, from Copernicus Sentinel 2 data
<p>Two strong earthquakes (Mw 6.4 and Mw 7.1) took place near Ridgecrest, California, on July 4 2019 and July 6, respectively.</p> <p><a href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/ci38443183/executive">https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/ci38443183/executive</a></p> <p><a href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/ci38457511/executive">https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/ci38457511/executive</a></p> <p>In order to assess surface ruptures and the displacement field from the earthquakes, we used subpixel image correlation with Copernicus Sentinel-2 optical imagery (Band 4). MicMac and CosiCorr software was used to to extract the 2D (East-West and North-South) horizontal co-seismic displacement field.</p> <p>Four high-resolution figures are given per method and component (EW and NS). Road network (white lines - from OpenStreetMap) and Quaternary Faults (black polylines) from USGS (<a href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/hazards/qfaults/">https://earthquake.usgs.gov/hazards/qfaults/</a>) are used for overlay.</p> <p>Rasters are given per software used (MICMAC_ for MicMac and COSI for CosiCorr), with a pixel resolution of 20m. Final product is corrected with detrending (to remove mostly registration errors) and filtered to remove noise. Stripes resulting from pushbroom scanner and orbit errors were not removed at this product (visible as WNW-ESE and NNE-SSW linear parallel stripes).</p> <p>-North-South displacement: positive values to the North.</p> <p>- East-West displacement: positive values to the East.</p> <p>Raster files are projected in UTM Zone 11North WGS84 ( EPSG:32611)</p> <p> </p> <p>A contribution to <strong>CEOS Working Group Disasters:</strong> Seismic Demonstrator</p> <p><strong>Copyright:</strong> Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data (2019), OpenStreetMap data (2019), Quaternary Fault and Fold Database of the United States - USGS (2019)</p>
New advance in land controlled-source audio-frenquency magnetotellurics exploration: measurement at a shortened transmitter-receiver offset and three-dimensional inversion
<p><span>Ambient noise significantly affects the quality of land controlled-source audio-frequency magnetotellurics (CSAMT) data. Shortening the transmitter–receiver offset can enhance the raw data signal-to-noise ratios (S/N). However, most of CSAMT explorations still collect field data using a large separation. To enhance the S/N of the raw electric and magnetic field and the corresponding Cagniard apparent resistivity, we propose shortening offset to 2–4 km during CSAMT fieldwork and inverting apparent resistivity rather than only electric field. We tested this approach with three experimental models with varying offsets, simulating 3D responses. Result showed that longer offsets predominantly produce data anomalies in the far-field zone, whereas shorter offsets shift these anomalies toward the transition zone with some in the far-field or near-field zones. Shortened-offset responses exhibit stronger electric and magnetic fields. Synthetic datasets with different noise levels were generated for inversion analysis. The results indicate that shortening the offset, particularly in noisy environments, improves data S/N. Inversion results reveal that a shortened CSAMT transmitter–receiver offset allows for data collection with most anomalies in the transition-field zone, facilitating accurate prediction of the true model in the 3D inversion. In low-noise environments, inversion results from data with a shortened offset are comparable to those with a long offset. However, in high-noise environments, the shortened-offset approach yields more accurate results due to improved data S/N. Field data inversion from Yanqing, China, further confirms the effectiveness of our scheme. The shortened-offset approach achieves higher S/N datasets and inversion results that align with actual geological structures.</span></p> <p> </p>
Simplified boundaries of forest projects participating in California's forest carbon offset program
<p>A simplified version of active (including previously active) and listed forest carbon offset projects operating under California's forest carbon offset program. See archive's README for additional details.</p>
XXIst century projections of global forest soil and canopy air temperature offsets (CLM5.1, SSP5-8.5)
<p>The following dataset allows to reproduce the figures in <a href="https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ad1f04/pdf">Hes et al 2024 </a>. It is generated by CLM5.1 simulations following the SSP5-8.5 scenario and contains the temperature offset between forest and grassland for soil temperature T<sub>g </sub> and canopy air temperature T<sub>c.</sub> The offset temperatures (∆T<sub>g</sub> and ∆T<sub>c</sub>) are defined as the difference between the internal temperature of the forest tile minus the internal temperature of the grassland tile. For each grid cell, we compute the difference between the area-weighted average temperature in forests, and the area-weighted average temperature over grassland.</p> <p>We define the offset for minimum ∆T<sub>g,min</sub>, maximum ∆T<sub>g,max</sub> and mean ∆T<sub>g,mean</sub> soil temperature. ∆T<sub>g,min</sub> (respectively, ∆T<sub>g,mean </sub>and ∆T<sub>g,max</sub>) is derived by selecting the monthly minimum (respectively, mean and maximum) of the 6-hourly forest ∆T<sub>g </sub>and subtracting the simultaneous T<sub>g</sub> over grassland within a grid cell. We consider all grid cells that contain both more than 0% of tree PFT cover (forest) and more than 0% of grass PFT cover (grassland). T<sub>c</sub> offsets (∆T<sub>c,min</sub>,∆T<sub>c,max</sub> and ∆T<sub>c,mean</sub>) are generated using the same method although we note that unlike for ∆T<sub>g</sub>, the differentiation between forest and grassland T<sub>c</sub> also encapsulates a difference in height.<br><br>Here, we provide monthly data for minimum, maximum and mean soil and canopy air temperature for 3 forest PFT-based biomes (boreal, temperate and tropical) and for all forest PFTs (global).<br><br>For more information, refer to the Methods is <a href="https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ad1f04/pdf">Hes et al 2024</a></p>
Data - Zero-Offset Frequency Locking of Lasers at Low Optical Powers with an Optical Phase Locked Loop
<p>This dataset contains measurement data and processing code for the results published in "Zero-Offset Frequency Locking of Lasers at Low Optical Powers with an Optical Phase Locked Loop". </p>
Emergence and function of cortical offset responses in sound termination detection
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Data for: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) offsets the detrimental effects of climate change in the nitrogen fixing cyanobacterium Crocosphaera
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Data from: Plant uptake offsets silica release from a large Arctic tundra wildfire
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Data and code from: Evaluating genomic offset predictions in a forest tree with high population genetic structure
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Three-dimensional offsets of geomorphic piercing lines displaced by the quaternary-active Beaufort range fault, northern Cascadia forearc, BC, Canada
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Population connectivity and genetic offset in the spawning coral Acropora digitifera in Western Australia
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Data from: Seeing the Forest for the trees: Assessing genetic offset predictions from Gradient Forest
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Using remote sensing to quantify the additional climate benefits of California forest carbon offset projects
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Heterothermy as a mechanism to offset energetic costs of environmental and homeostatic perturbations
<p>Environmental and biotic pressures impose homeostatic costs on all organisms. The energetic costs of maintaining high body temperatures (<i>T</i><sub>b</sub>) render endotherms sensitive to pressures that increase foraging costs. In response, some mammals become more heterothermic to conserve energy. We measured <i>T</i><sub>b</sub> in banner-tailed kangaroo rats (<i>Dipodomys spectabilis</i>) to test and disentangle the effects of air temperature and moonlight (a proxy for predation risk) on thermoregulatory homeostasis. We further perturbed homeostasis in some animals with chronic corticosterone (CORT) via silastic implants. Heterothermy increased across summer, consistent with the predicted effect of lunar illumination (and predation), and in the direction opposite to the predicted effect of environmental temperatures. The effect of lunar illumination was also evident within nights as animals maintained low <i>T</i><sub>b</sub> when the moon was above the horizon. The pattern was accentuated in CORT-treated animals, suggesting they adopted an even further heightened risk-avoidance strategy that might impose reduced foraging and energy intake. Still, CORT-treatment did not affect body condition over the entire study, indicating kangaroo rats offset decreases in energy intake through energy savings associated with heterothermy. Environmental conditions receive the most attention in studies of thermoregulatory homeostasis, but we demonstrated here that biotic factors can be more important and should be considered in future studies.</p>
Data from: Landscape heterogeneity can partially offset negative effects of habitat loss on mammalian biodiversity in agroecosystems
<p>Intensive, large-scale agriculture promotes the conversion of natural habitats and diversified crops into monocultures, decreasing both native vegetation cover and landscape heterogeneity, leading to landscape simplification. Yet, a key knowledge gap persists on the relative impacts of the loss of native vegetation and landscape heterogeneity on biodiversity. Addressing this gap is pressing to support policies that conciliate agricultural production and biodiversity conservation and to move forward some scientific controversies, as the "land sharing versus land sparing" and "habitat loss versus fragmentation" debates.<br>Through a hierarchical sampling design that maximized variation, while minimizing correlation, between landscape heterogeneity and native vegetation cover, we recorded the occurrence of medium and large-bodied mammals in native vegetation and agricultural areas of 55 landscapes in a global conservation hotspot and a key commodity production area – the Brazilian savanna, Cerrado. We compared simple, additive, and interactive models to investigate the effects of landscape heterogeneity and native vegetation cover on richness and composition of native and invasive mammals. <br>Native and invasive mammal communities were affected by both native vegetation cover and landscape heterogeneity, although the effects of the first was stronger than the later. Both aspects had positive effects on native species richness and negative on invasive species richness, indicating that the loss of native vegetation and the reduction in landscape heterogeneity lead to biotic homogenization. Yet, while landscape heterogeneity benefited most native species, the direction of its effect varied among invasive species and depended on native vegetation cover.<br>Synthesis and applications: Besides reducing habitat loss, avoiding landscape homogenization is key for conciliating agricultural production and biodiversity conservation, pointing to the relevance of policies encouraging crop diversification. As increasing landscape heterogeneity can in part compensate the negative effects of losing native habitat on biodiversity in agroecosystems, policies can gain feasibility by adjusting the balance between native vegetation cover and landscape heterogeneity according to what best suits local restraints and demands.</p>
Longyearbyen CO2 Lab - Zero Offset VSP - DH4
<p>This report describes the Zero Offset VSP Data acquisition and processing of the well DH4, Adventdalen at Svalbard.</p>
Calculated GNSS offsets for the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake
<p>Calculated offsets for the entire New Zealand GNSS network for the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake. If using this data please cite the following paper:</p> <p>Clark, K.J., Nissen, E.K., Howarth, J.D., Hamling, I.J., Mountjoy, J.J., Ries, W.F., Jones, K., Goldstien, S., Cochran, U.A., Villamor, P. and Hreinsdóttir, S., 2017. Highly variable coastal deformation in the 2016 MW7. 8 Kaikōura earthquake reflects rupture complexity along a transpressional plate boundary. <em>Earth and Planetary Science Letters</em>, <em>474</em>, pp.334-344.</p>
Dataset: Dynamo models with a Mercury-like magnetic offset dipole
<p>Input and Output Data for reproducing figures and tables in the submitted publication Kolhey et al. (2024) "Dynamo models with a Mercury-like magnetic offset dipole".</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.