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782 results for “pacing”
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the left prefrontal cortex does not affect time-trial self-paced cycling performance: Evidence from oscillatory brain activity and power output.
<p>This research will shed new light into the bidirectional relationship between acute aerobic exercise, brain and cognition. This is based on the particular role of executive (cognitive) function during exercise. The rationale of our study is that stimulation of the prefrontal cortex that has been repeatedly associated with executive function, would facilitate or impair self-paced aerobic exercise. This would also affect cognitive performance immediately after exercise. We will use a modified flanker’s task as a form of assessing executive function (see below for further details). The flanker’s task implies two different stimuli, one congruent and one incongruent. Relative to “congruent” stimuli, these “incongruent” stimuli are usually accompanied by increased response times (RTs) and decreased accuracy. To stimulate the prefrontal cortex, we use transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS). tDCS is able to induce cortical changes by hyperpolarizing (anodal) or depolarizing (cathodal) neuron’s resting membrane potential.<br> Therefore, the hypotheses of this research are:<br> 1) Anodal stimulation (relative to sham and cathodal stimulation) will improve self-paced aerobic exercise and, consequently it will also improve subsequent cognitive performance.<br> 2) Cathodal stimulation (relative to sham and anodal stimulation) will impair self-paced aerobic exercise and subsequent cognitive performance.<br> </p>
Effects of Motor Pacing on Frontal-Haemodynamic Responses during Continuous Finger and Whole-Body Movements
<p>Data set and code for the article "Effects of Motor Pacing on Frontal-Haemodynamic Responses during Continuous Upper-Limb and Whole-Body Movements" (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.14226">https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.14226</a>).</p>
FT53 Pace 8-key tenoroon: measurements, photos, endoscopic video
<p> Dataset of FT53 Pace 8-key tenoroon ocated in the Horniman Museum, London (Reg. nr. 2004.1068 / 422.112), containing detailed external and internal measurements, photos, and an endoscopic video.</p>
ECG recordings of cardiac pacing in mice carrying TRPV1
<p>The data are ECG recordings acquired from mice whose cardiac muscle tissue carries the human TRPV1 channel. ECG was recorded with standard procedure on the limbs with disposable electrodes, with one or two electrodes. Myocardial stimulation was applied with an IR laser. Each archive contains the result of an ECG recording of one animal. Initial recordings are cut so that the unsuccessful recordings are excluded.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p>File name / Recording date / Vector type / Vector Amount </p><p>No1 / 2022.06.22 / AAV488 / 6x10-11</p><p>No2 / 2022.06.6 / AAV479 / 6x10-12</p><p>No3 / 2022.06.22 / AAV488 / 6x10-11</p><p>No4 / 2021.10.18 </p><p> </p>
Data from: The pace and drivers of community change vary over space and time
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Data from: Pace and shape of life differences drive invasion trajectory in introduced lizards in Hawaii
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Data for: The pace of global river meandering influenced by fluvial sediment supply
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Data from: Pace and shape of senescence in three species of duckweed
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Figure 28 in A remarkable new species of Himalusa Pace from Thailand (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae): phytophagous aleocharine beetle with potential for bio-control of skunkvine-related weeds in the United States
Figure 28. Himalusa thailandensis: a swollen petiole of Paederia sp. leaf that contains a larva.
Seesaw Class for Self Paced Learning in Pandemic Era
<p>English Material Development Assigment</p>
PACING
<p>A pacemaker is a medical device that uses electrical impulses, delivered by electrodes contracting the heart muscles, to regulate the beating of the heart. The primary purpose of a pacemaker is to maintain an adequate heart rate, either because the heart’s natural pacemaker is not fast enough, or there is a block in the heart’s electrical conduction system. Modern pacemakers are externally programmable and allow the cardiologist to select the optimum pacing modes for individual patients. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_cardiac_pacemaker)</p> <p>This package contains a model of the pacing behavior of the software of a pacemaker, developed using the following specification document: http://sqrl.mcmaster.ca/_SQRLDocuments/PACEMAKER.pdf This model only captures the VVI (ventricle paced, ventricle sensed, inhibited response) and DDD (dual chambers paced, dual chambers senses, tracking response) pacing modes. Included in this package is the model, a set of seeded mutants, and associated test inputs used for model-based testing research.</p> <p>For more information on this model, please see: [1] Pacemaker Formal Methods Challenge: http://sqrl.mcmaster.ca/pacemaker.htm [2] Gregory Gay. Automated Steering of Model-Based Test Oracles to Admit Real Program Behaviors. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Minnesota, May 2015.</p>
Fertilization can accelerate the pace of soil microbial community response to rest-grazing duration in the Three-river Source Region of China
<div> <div> <p><strong><span>Objectives</span></strong> </p> <p><span>Overgrazing leads to grassland degradation and productivity decline. Rest-grazing during the regreen-up period can quickly restore grassland and fertilization is a common restoration measure. Meanwhile, soil microorganisms are more sensitive indicators. Therefore, the experiment of rest-grazing time and fertilization was carried out to explore the response of soil microorganisms to rest-grazing time and fertilization measures. </span></p> <p><span><strong>Methods</strong> </span></p> <p><span>A field control experiment with rest-grazing time and fertilization as factors was conducted from the time when grass returned to green till the livestock moved to the summer pasture in Dawu Town of Maqin County.</span> <span>The primary treatment we established was the five</span> <span>rest-grazing times, including rest-grazing times of 20 days, 30 days, 40 days, 50 days, and traditional grazing was used as a check group. At the same time, the secondary treatment was nitrogen addition of 300 kg·hm<sup>-2</sup> in each primary treatment. </span></p> <p><span><strong>Results</strong> </span></p> <p><span>The results showed that: the total phospholipid fatty acid (total PLFA), actinomyces (Act) and arbuscular </span><span>mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) showed an ever-increasing biomass with the increase of rest-grazing time and the highest was at 50 days of rest-grazing, and they were all significantly higher than CK. In addition, soil microbial biomass carbon-nitrogen ratio (MBC/MBN)</span> <span>had a great influence on the change of microbial community. Applying nitrogen fertilizer can increase the maximum value of biomass of all PLFA groups and the biomass of all PLFA groups changed in an "inverted V" shape with the increase of rest-grazing time. Besides, </span><span>instead of MBC/MBN, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>-N</span><span> was positively affected by the biomass of</span> <span>all PLFA groups, which actively regulated the trend of microbial functions. </span></p> <p><span><strong>Conclusions</strong> </span></p> <p><span>The longer rest-grazing time is more conducive to the biomass of all PLFA groups. However, applying nitrogen fertilizer could break this pattern, namely, the 30d rest-grazing would</span> <span>be beneficial to the biomass of all PLFA groups. These findings provide key information that rest-grazing during the regreen-up period is beneficial to all PLFA groups and </span><span>fertilization could change the response of microorganisms to rest-grazing</span><span>, which provides reference measures for the restoration of degraded alpine meadows.</span></p> </div> </div>
Data for: The pace of mitochondrial molecular evolution varies with seasonal migration distance
<p>This repository contains data associated with "The pace of mitochondrial molecular evolution varies with seasonal migration distance." This study demonstrates relationships between traits (migration distance, mass, population genetic parameters representing genetic diversity) and molecular evolutionary rates (dS and dN/dS). The main conclusions are based on models from the program Coevol. The files included here are input files necessary to run models with Coevol, as well as selected Coevol output files used for figure generation associated with the manuscript. We also include a copy of a GitHub repository of manuscript code. Other necessary data for replicating analyses in the manuscript are included in the manuscript supplement. </p>
Data from: Pace and parity predict short-term persistence of small plant populations
<p>Life history traits are used to predict asymptotic odds of extinction from dynamic conditions. Less is known about how life history traits interact with stochasticity and population structure of finite populations to predict near-term odds of extinction. Through empirically parameterized matrix population models, we study the impact of life history (reproduction, pace), stochasticity (environmental, demographic), and population history (existing, novel) on the transient population dynamics of finite populations of plant species. Among fast and slow pace and either uniform or increasing reproductive intensity or short or long reproductive lifespan, slow, semelparous species are at the greatest risk of extinction. Long reproductive lifespans buffer existing populations from extinction while the odds of extinction of novel populations decreases when reproductive effort is uniformly spread across the reproductive lifespan. Our study highlights the importance of population structure, pace, and two distinct aspects of parity for predicting near-term odds of extinction. </p>
Maternal Mediterranean diet in pregnancy and newborn DNA methylation: a meta-analysis in the PACE Consortium
<p>Higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy may be related to offspring cord blood DNA methylation. In a meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) in 2802 mother-child pairs from 5 cohorts we calculated the relative Mediterranean diet (rMED) score and an adjusted rMED excluding alcohol (rMEDp). rMEDp was associated with cord blood DNA methylation at cg23757341.</p>
Code and source data for the paper: Global warming leads to larger bats with a faster life history pace in the long-lived Bechstein's bat (Myotis bechsteinii)
<p>Contains two R scripts necessary to perfom the analysis for the paper "Global warming leads to a faster life history pace in the long-lived Bechstein’s bat (Myotis bechsteinii)"</p> <ul> <li>1st Script (" Script_analysis paper_bodysize_AFR_fecundity_LRS_GAMs_revised": Descriptive statistics, calculation of all GAMs and code for figure 1, 2 and 3</li> <li>2nd Script (" Script_size specific generation times"): Calculation of reproductive and mortality rates, calculation of generation time and population growth rates (lambda) as well as code for figure 4 and 5</li> </ul> <p>And also .csv files with the data points of all figures.</p>
Pace-of-life syndrome: linking personality, metabolism and colour ornamentation in male guppies
<p>Within populations, there commonly exists consistent among-individual differences in behaviour. As a potential mechanism maintaining this variation, the pace-of-life-syndrome (POLS) hypothesis posits that consistent differences in the behaviour of individuals (i.e. 'personality') are intercorrelated and have coevolved with consistent individual differences in metabolism and life-history traits. Here, using adult male guppies, <em>Poecilia reticulata</em>, we tested under laboratory conditions (1) whether behavioural and metabolic traits vary consistently among individuals over time (≤ 7 days) and (2) the POLS prediction that repeatable behavioural traits should be intercorrelated with each other and with repeatable metabolic rate at the among-individual level. Furthermore, based on indicator models of sexual selection, we expected that sexually selected male colour ornamentation would predict individual personality and metabolic rate. We repeatedly assayed three behavioural traits (sociability, boldness, exploration) and three metabolic traits (resting metabolic rate, maximal metabolic rate, aerobic scope) in a set of males that varied in body size and colour ornamentation. All behavioural trait measures were repeatable, consistent with individual personality. Of the three metabolic traits, only resting metabolic rate (RMR) was repeatable. Behavioural trait measures were significantly intercorrelated and thus integrated in a behavioural syndrome. More 'proactive' males were bolder, more exploratory and more sociable than 'reactive' ones. However, contrary to the POLS hypothesis, <span>RMR</span>was not significantly correlated with any of the behavioural trait measures, suggesting that consistent individual differences in RMR do not drive or support differences in personality, or vice versa. Male colour ornamentation did not covary with behaviour or RMR and thus does not appear to be a reliable predictor of either behavioural or metabolic phenotypes. We therefore did not find any compelling support for the POLS hypothesis, suggesting that <span>individual differences in metabolism do not underlie the evolution and maintenance of among-individual behavioural variation in our study population.</span></p>
A comparison of the present growth pace of the United States infrastructure with the needs of the next decade (2025-2050)
<p><span>The US population relies on crumbling infrastructural facilities needing continual upkeep. As economic activity accelerates with purchasing power projected at more than $34.102 trillion (about $100,000 per person) compared to $16.7 trillion (about $51,000 per person) today, with the US population experiencing rapid growth with a projected population of over 438 million by 2050 compared to 350 million today, infrastructural development will be significantly affected. This study considers how human interactions and recent developments (the Covid-19 outbreak and the development of artificial intelligence) will bring about change in the future demand for infrastructure in the US by 2045.</span></p>
Degree of alternans depends on AP morphology and pacing frequency.
<p>Dataset to determine how degree of alternans depends on AP morphology and pacing frequency.</p> <p>Clampfit files</p>
Data: The magnitude and pace of photosynthetic recovery after wildfire in California ecosystems
<p>Wildfire modifies the short- and long-term exchange of carbon between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere, with impacts on ecosystem services such as carbon uptake. Dry western United States forests historically experienced low-intensity, frequent fires, with patches across the landscape occupying different points in the fire-recovery trajectory. Contemporary perturbations, such as recent severe fires in California, could shift the historic stand-age distribution and impact the legacy of carbon uptake on the landscape. Here we combine flux measurements of gross primary production (GPP) and chronosequence analysis using satellite remote sensing to investigate how the last century of fires in California impacted the dynamics of ecosystem carbon uptake on the fire-affected landscape. A GPP recovery trajectory curve of more than five thousand fires in forest ecosystems since 1919 indicated that fire reduced GPP by 157.4 ± 7.3 gCm<sup>-2</sup>yr<sup>-1</sup> (mean ± standard error, n=1926) in the first year after fire, with average recovery to pre-fire conditions after ~12 years. The largest fires in forested ecosystems reduced GPP by 393.8 ± 15.7 gCm<sup>-2</sup>yr<sup>-1</sup> (n=401) and took more than two decades to recover. Recent increases in fire severity and recovery time have led to nearly 9.9 ± 3.5 MMT CO<sub>2</sub> (3-year rolling mean) in cumulative forgone carbon uptake due to the legacy of all fires on the landscape, complicating the challenge of maintaining California's natural and working lands as a net carbon sink. Understanding these changes is paramount to weighing the costs and benefits associated with fuels management and ecosystem management for climate change mitigation.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.