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48 results for “palaeodiversity”
Fig. 17 in New Cretaceous fossil mantispids highlight the palaeodiversity of the extinct subfamily Doratomantispinae (Neuroptera: Mantispidae)
Fig. 17 Doratomantispa zhangzhiqiae sp. nov., holotype, male. (a) Habitus, dorsal view; (b) head and prothorax, dorsal view; (c) prothorax, dorsolateral view; (d, e) Head, dorsal view, arrow 1 indicates the conical setae (Type k3); (f) head, ventral view; (g) Protibia, arrow 2 indicates the angularly curved prostrate setae (near Type k4); h meta-tarsus. ca, cardo; cs, coronal suture; pfs: postfurcasternum; smt, submentum; spa, supra-antennal area; st, stipes; tu, tubercle; ve, vertex. Scale bars = 3 mm (a), 1 mm (b, c, h), 0.5 mm (d–f), 0.25 mm (g)
Fig. 21 in New Cretaceous fossil mantispids highlight the palaeodiversity of the extinct subfamily Doratomantispinae (Neuroptera: Mantispidae)
Fig. 21 Doratomantispa zhuozhengmingi sp. nov., holotype, male. (a, b) Right and left forewing, respetively; (c) right hind wing; (d, e) Terminalia, lateral view. S, sternum; T, tergum; ect, ectoprocts; gp, gonapophyses; gst, gonostyli; gx, gonocoxites; im, intermedian cell; r, radial cell. Scale bars = 1 mm (a–c); 0.25 mm (d, e)
Fig. 22 in New Cretaceous fossil mantispids highlight the palaeodiversity of the extinct subfamily Doratomantispinae (Neuroptera: Mantispidae)
Fig. 22 (a–i) Paradoxomantispa jiaxiaoae Lu et al., 2020, holotype, female: (a, b) head, lateral view; (c, d) left and right foreleg, respectively, posterior surface (profemoral anteroventral row in green, posteroventral row in orange); (e) left foreleg, anterior surface (profemoral anteroventral row in green, posteroventral row in orange), arrow 1 indicates the angularly curved prostrate setae (near Type k4), arrow 2 indicates the conical setae (Type k3); (f) major process; (g) protibial ventral prostrate setae; (h) protarsus and pretarsus; (i) meta-tarsus; (j, k) Paradoxomantispa hongi Shi et al., 2019, holotype, sex unknown, cited from Shi et al. (2019): (j) right foreleg, posterior surface (profemoral anteroventral row in green, posteroventral row in orange), arrow 1 indicates the angularly curved prostrate setae (near Type k4), arrow 2 indicates the conical setae (Type k3); (k) major process. ab, anterior branch; mp: major process; p, primary process; pb, primary branch; q, quaternary process; qb, quaternary branch; s, secondary process; sb, secondary branch; spa, supra-antennal area; t, tertiary process; tb, tertiary branch. Scale bars = 0.5 mm (a–e, j), 0.125 mm (f–i, k)
Fig. 18 in New Cretaceous fossil mantispids highlight the palaeodiversity of the extinct subfamily Doratomantispinae (Neuroptera: Mantispidae)
Fig. 18 Doratomantispa zhangzhiqiae sp. nov., holotype, male. (a, b) Left and right forewing, respectively; (c, d) left and right hind wing, respectively. im, intermedian cell; r, radial cell. Scale bar = 1 mm
Data from: Palaeodiversity and formation counts: redundancy or bias?
A key question in palaeontology is whether the fossil record taken at face value is adequate to represent true patterns of diversity through time. Some methods of assessing data quality have depended on the commonly observed covariation of palaeodiversity and fossiliferous formation counts through time, based on the assumption that the count of formations containing fossils, to a greater or lesser extent, drives diversity; but what if diversity drives formations? Close study of two fossil records, early tetrapods (Devonian–Jurassic) and dinosaurs, shows how the relationship between new taxa and new fossiliferous formations varies through research time. Initially, each new find represents a new fossiliferous formation and discovery follows the 'bonanza' model (fossils drive formations). In unexplored parts of the world, new taxa are identified frequently in new regions/formations. Only after time, in well-explored continents such as Europe and North America, does collecting style switch to a mix of exploration for new formations and re-sampling of known fossiliferous formations. Data are most striking for dinosaurs, where the Triassic–Jurassic record largely comprises finds from Europe and North America, where new formation discoveries reached their half-life in 1914. This contrasts with the Cretaceous, which is dominated by rapidly rising discoveries from regions outside Europe and North America and the formation half-life for these 'new' lands is 1986, showing that 50% of new Cretaceous dinosaur-bearing formations were identified only in the past 30 years. The relationship between dinosaur-bearing formations and palaeodiversity then combines three signals in variable amounts, reflecting the original diversity (relative abundances of particular taxa in different formations), redundancy (new fossiliferous formations accruing because of new fossil finds) and sampling (intensity of exploration for new fossiliferous formations, and of search within already-sampled formations). For fossil vertebrates at least, formation counts of various kinds are poor predictors of sampling, missing, for example, the bonanza samples of Lagerstätten such as the Yixian Formation in China: thousands of specimens, dozens of species, but counted as one formation. These observations suggest that formation count cannot be regarded as an unbiased metric of sampling.
Figures 86-90 from: Shavrin AV, Yamamoto S (2019) Unexpected palaeodiversity of omaliine rove beetles in Eocene Baltic amber (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae). ZooKeys 863: 35-83. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.863.34662
Figures 86-90 Eusphalerum spp. (86, 89Eu. sp. 3; 87, 88, 90Eu. sp. 4) 86 habitus, dorsolateral view 87 habitus, oblique dorsal view 88 habitus, ventral view 89 habitus, lateral view 90 abdominal apex, ventral view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (86–89), 0.2 mm (90).
Figures 83-85 from: Shavrin AV, Yamamoto S (2019) Unexpected palaeodiversity of omaliine rove beetles in Eocene Baltic amber (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae). ZooKeys 863: 35-83. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.863.34662
Figures 83-85 Eusphalerum sp. 2 83 habitus, ventral view 84 left antenna, head and pronotum, dorsal view 85 abdomen, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (83), 0.4 mm (84, 85).
Figures 81- 82 from: Shavrin AV, Yamamoto S (2019) Unexpected palaeodiversity of omaliine rove beetles in Eocene Baltic amber (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae). ZooKeys 863: 35-83. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.863.34662
Figures 81- 82 Habitus of Eusphalerum sp. 2 81 oblique dorsal view 82 dorsolateral view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.
Figures 67-72 from: Shavrin AV, Yamamoto S (2019) Unexpected palaeodiversity of omaliine rove beetles in Eocene Baltic amber (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae). ZooKeys 863: 35-83. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.863.34662
Figures 67-72 Phyllodrepaicari sp. nov. 67 head and pronotum, anterodorsal view 68 left antenna, dorsal view 69 hind legs and abdomen, ventral view 70 left elytron, dorsal view 71 apex of abdomen, dorsal view 72 apex of abdomen, ventral view. Abbreviations: a1–a11 = antennomeres 1–11; bws = brick-wall sculpture on intersegmental membranes; gc = gonocoxite; lb = labrum; lp = labial palpi; mp2–mp4 = maxillary palpomeres 2–4; mt5 = metatarsomere 5; mtf = metafemur; mtt = metatibia; mtc = metacoxa; mtv = metaventrite; nk = neck; oc = ocellus; s3–s6 = sternites III–VI; sc = scutellum; st = stylus; t6–t8 = tergites VI–VIII. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.
Figures 73-75 from: Shavrin AV, Yamamoto S (2019) Unexpected palaeodiversity of omaliine rove beetles in Eocene Baltic amber (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae). ZooKeys 863: 35-83. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.863.34662
Figures 73-75 Habitus of Eusphalerum sp.1: 73 forebody, dorsal (specimen no. 5) and lateral (specimen no. 6) view 74 pronotum and elytra of specimens no. 1 and no. 2, dorsal view 75 body, lateral view (specimen no. 6). Scale bars: 1.0 mm.
Figures 65- 66 from: Shavrin AV, Yamamoto S (2019) Unexpected palaeodiversity of omaliine rove beetles in Eocene Baltic amber (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae). ZooKeys 863: 35-83. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.863.34662
Figures 65- 66 Habitus of Phyllodrepaicari sp. nov. 65 dorsal view 66 ventral view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm
Figures 76-80 from: Shavrin AV, Yamamoto S (2019) Unexpected palaeodiversity of omaliine rove beetles in Eocene Baltic amber (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae). ZooKeys 863: 35-83. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.863.34662
Figures 76-80 Eusphalerum sp. 1 76 habitus, dorsal view (specimen no. 4) 77 habitus, lateral view (specimen no. 3) 78 habitus, dorsolateral view (specimen no. 8) 79 habitus, lateral view (specimen no. 9) 80 pronotum and scutellum, dorsal view (specimen no. 1). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (76–79), 0.2 mm (80).
Figures 54-56 from: Shavrin AV, Yamamoto S (2019) Unexpected palaeodiversity of omaliine rove beetles in Eocene Baltic amber (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae). ZooKeys 863: 35-83. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.863.34662
Figures 54-56 Habitus of Phyllodrepadaedali sp. nov. 54 dorsal view 55 lateroventral view 56 lateral view. Abbreviation: mds = modified setae. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.
Figures 57-64 from: Shavrin AV, Yamamoto S (2019) Unexpected palaeodiversity of omaliine rove beetles in Eocene Baltic amber (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae). ZooKeys 863: 35-83. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.863.34662
Figures 57-64 Phyllodrepadaedali sp. nov. 57 head and pronotum, laterodorsal view 58 left antenna, ventral view 59 thorax, legs and abdomen, lateroventral view 60 head and prothorax, ventral view 61 protarsus, dorsal view 62 hind tarsi, lateral view 63 head and maxillar palpi, dorsolateral view 64 apex of abdomen, ventral view. Abbreviations: a1–a11 = antennomeres 1–11; amp = apical maxillary palpomere; ip = intercoxal process; mp2–mp4 = maxillary palpomeres 2–4; mds = modified setae; mst = mesotibia; msv = mesoventrite; mt1–mt5 = metatarsomeres 1–5; mtv = metaventrite; oc = ocellus; s8 = sternite VIII. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (58, 61–63), 0.2 mm (57, 60, 64), 0.3 mm (59).
Figures 47- 48 from: Shavrin AV, Yamamoto S (2019) Unexpected palaeodiversity of omaliine rove beetles in Eocene Baltic amber (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae). ZooKeys 863: 35-83. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.863.34662
Figures 47- 48 Habitus of Paraphloeostibamorosa sp. nov., lateral view. Abbreviation: oc = ocellus. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.
Figures 49-53 from: Shavrin AV, Yamamoto S (2019) Unexpected palaeodiversity of omaliine rove beetles in Eocene Baltic amber (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae). ZooKeys 863: 35-83. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.863.34662
Figures 49-53 Paraphloeostibamorosa sp. nov. 49 head and antenna, lateral view 50 head, anteroventral view 51 head and prothorax, ventral view 52 apical part of elytron and abdominal tergites IV–V, dorsal view 53 apex of abdomen and hind legs, ventral view. Abbreviations: a1–a11 = antennomeres 1–11; ai = antennal insertion; alp = apical labial palpomere; bws = brick-wall sculpture on intersegmental membrane; gs = gular suture; ip = intercoxal process; mtm = mentum; mtt = metatibia; s7–s8 = sternites VII–VIII; t4–t6 = tergites IV–VI. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.
Figures 30-33 from: Shavrin AV, Yamamoto S (2019) Unexpected palaeodiversity of omaliine rove beetles in Eocene Baltic amber (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae). ZooKeys 863: 35-83. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.863.34662
Figures 30-33 Eusphalerumkanti sp. nov. (holotype, male: 30, 31 paratype, female: 32, 33): 30, 32 elytra (schematic drawings) 31, 33 apical part of elytra. Scale bars: 0.3 mm.
Figures 21-23 from: Shavrin AV, Yamamoto S (2019) Unexpected palaeodiversity of omaliine rove beetles in Eocene Baltic amber (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae). ZooKeys 863: 35-83. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.863.34662
Figures 21-23 Habitus of Eusphalerumkanti sp. nov. (paratype) 21 dorsal view 22 ventral view 23 dorsolateral view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.
Figures 19- 20 from: Shavrin AV, Yamamoto S (2019) Unexpected palaeodiversity of omaliine rove beetles in Eocene Baltic amber (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae). ZooKeys 863: 35-83. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.863.34662
Figures 19- 20 Habitus drawings of Geodromicusbalticus sp. nov. 19 Dorsal view 20 ventral view. Abbreviations: a1–a11 = antennomeres 1–11; alp = apical labial palpomere; gc = gonocoxite; gr = groove; gs = gular suture; hw = hind wing; ip = intercoxal process; lb = labrum; lp = labial palpi; md = mandibles; mp = maxillar palpus; mt1, mt5 = metatarsomeres; nk = neck; s3–s8 = sternites 3–8; st = stylus. Scale bar: 1.0 mm.
Figures 45- 46 from: Shavrin AV, Yamamoto S (2019) Unexpected palaeodiversity of omaliine rove beetles in Eocene Baltic amber (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae). ZooKeys 863: 35-83. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.863.34662
Figures 45- 46 Habitus of Paraphloeostibamorosa sp. nov. 45 dorsal view 46 ventral view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.
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