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79 results for “pesticide exposure”
Pesticide exposure enhances dominance patterns in a zooplankton community
<p>Exposure to pesticides can profoundly alter community dynamics. It is expected that dominance patterns will be enhanced or reduced depending on whether the dominant species is less or more sensitive to the pesticide than the subdominant species. Community dynamics are, however, also determined by processes linked to population growth as well as competition at carrying capacity. Here, we used a mesocosm experiment to quantify the effect of chlorpyrifos exposure on the population dynamics of four cladoceran species (<em>Daphnia magna, D. pulicaria, D. galeata </em>and<em> Scapholeberis mucronata</em>) in mixed cultures, testing for direct effects of chlorpyrifos and indirect effects mediated by interactions with other species on timing of population growth and dominance at carrying capacity. We also quantified whether the pesticide-induced changes in community dynamics affect top-down control of phytoplankton. By adding a treatment in which we used different genotype combinations of each species, we also tested to what extent genetic composition affects community responses to pesticide exposure. Immobilization tests showed that <em>D. magna</em> is the least sensitive to chlorpyrifos of the tested species. Chlorpyrifos exposure first led to a reduction in the abundance of <em>D. galeata</em> to the benefit of <em>D. pulicaria</em>, and subsequently to a reduction in densities of <em>D</em>. <em>pulicaria</em> to the benefit of <em>D. magna</em>. This resulted in <em>D</em>. <em>magna</em> being more dominant in the pesticide than in the control treatment by the end of the experiment. There was no effect of genotypic differences on community patterns, and top-down control of phytoplankton was high in all treatments. Our results suggest that in this community dominance patterns are enhanced in line with the observed among-species differences in sensitivity to the pesticide. Our results also show that the development of the community in the pesticide treatment is a complex interaction between direct and indirect effects of the pesticide.</p>
Data from: Developmental exposure to the Parkinson's disease-associated organochlorine pesticide dieldrin alters dopamine neurotransmission in α-synuclein pre-formed fibril (PFF)-injected mice
<p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is the fastest-growing neurological diseases worldwide, with increases outpacing aging and most rapid in recently industrialized areas, suggesting the role of environmental factors. Together, epidemiological studies, post-mortem analysis and mechanistic studies suggest that exposure to persistent organic pollutants, including the organochlorine pesticide dieldrin, increases PD risk. In mouse models, developmental dieldrin exposure causes male-specific exacerbation of neuronal susceptibility to MPTP and synucleinopathy. Specifically, developmental dieldrin exposure induces male-specific exacerbation of toxicity in the α-synuclein (α-syn) pre-formed fibril (PFF) model with increased deficits in striatal dopamine (DA) turnover and motor deficits on the challenging beam. Here, we hypothesized that alterations in DA handling contribute to the observed changes and assessed vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) function and DA release in this dieldrin/PFF two-hit model. Female C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 0.3 mg/kg dieldrin or vehicle every 3 days by feeding, starting at 8 weeks of age by ingestion and continuing throughout breeding, gestation, and lactation. Male offspring from independent litters underwent unilateral, intrastriatal injections of α-syn PFFs at 12 weeks of age and vesicular <sup>3</sup>H-DA uptake assays and fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) were performed at 4 months post-PFF injection. We observed a dieldrin-induced increase in DA release in striatal slices in PFF-injected animals, but no change in VMAT2 activity. These results suggest that developmental dieldrin exposure increases a compensatory response to synucleinopathy-triggered striatal DA loss and supports our hypothesis that alterations in DA handling may underly the observed exacerbation of PFF-induced deficits in motor behavior and DA turnover.</p>
Reducing Pesticide Exposures in Child Care Centers
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03319927. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Flower plantings support wild bee reproduction and may also mitigate pesticide exposure effects
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Examining the effects of multistage pesticide exposure on bumblebee queen survival and reproduction
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Pesticide exposure enhances dominance patterns in a zooplankton community
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Single and combined exposure to ‘bee safe’ pesticides alter behaviour and offspring production in a ground-nesting solitary bee (Xenoglossa pruinosa)
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Pesticides in France: Ten years of combined exposure to active substances in land, air and surface water
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Data from: Developmental exposure to the Parkinson’s disease-associated organochlorine pesticide dieldrin alters dopamine neurotransmission in α-synuclein pre-formed fibril (PFF)-injected mice
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Direct and indirect effects of pesticide exposure on farmland raptor gut microbiota
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Evolutionary consequences of pesticide exposure include transgenerational plasticity and potential terminal investment transgenerational effects
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Data from: Influence of agricultural intensification on pollinator pesticide exposure, food acquisition and diversity
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Data from: Nutrition, pesticide exposure, and virus infection interactions in honey bees
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Data from: Integrating the pace-of-life syndrome across species, sexes and individuals: covariation of life history and personality under pesticide exposure
The pace-of-life syndrome (POLS) hypothesis integrates covariation of life-history traits along a fast–slow continuum and covariation of behavioural traits along a proactive–reactive personality continuum. Few studies have investigated these predicted life-history/personality associations among species and between sexes. Furthermore, whether and how contaminants interfere with POLS patterns remains unexplored. We tested for covariation patterns in life history and in behaviour, and for life-history/personality covariation among species, among individuals within species and between sexes. Moreover, we investigated whether pesticide exposure affects covariation between life history and behaviour and whether species and sexes with a faster POLS strategy have a higher sensitivity to pesticides. We reared larvae of four species of Ischnura damselflies in a common garden experiment with an insecticide treatment (chlorpyrifos absent/present) in the final instar. We measured four life-history traits (larval growth rate during the pesticide treatment, larval development time, adult mass and life span) and two behavioural traits (larval feeding activity and boldness, each before and after the pesticide treatment). At the individual level, life-history traits and behavioural traits aligned along a fast–slow and a proactive–reactive continuum, respectively. Species-specific differences in life history, with fast-lived species having a faster larval growth and development, a lower mass at emergence and a shorter life span, suggested that time constraints in the larval stage were predictably driving life-history evolution both in the larval stage and across metamorphosis in the adult stage. Across species, females were consistently more slow-lived than males, reflecting that a large body size and a long life span are generally more important for females. In contrast to the POLS hypothesis, there was only little evidence for the expected positive coupling between life-history pace and proactivity. Pesticide exposure decreased larval growth rate and affected life-history/personality covariation in the most fast-lived species. Our study supports the existence of life-history and behavioural continua with limited support for life-history/personality covariation. Variation in digestive physiology may explain this decoupling of life history and behaviour and provide valuable mechanistic insights to understand and predict the occurrence of life-history/personality covariation patterns.
Data for manuscript:"Chronic exposure to sublethal levels of pesticides has significant effects on fitness and morphology in the ant, Cardiocondyla obscurior"
<p>All data used in analysis for manuscript "<strong>Chronic exposure to sublethal levels of pesticides has significant effects on fitness and morphology in the ant, <em>Cardiocondyla obscurior"</em></strong></p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Pesticide Exposure and Health Status in North Carolina African American Male Farmers and Farm Workers
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00341965. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Organochlorine Pesticide Exposure in Residents Near Lake Apopka
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02530814. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.
Influence of Pesticide Exposure on the Occurrence of Hypospadias in Newborns in Picardie
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02805491. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Multiple Myeloma and Environmental Exposure to Pesticides in the French West Indies: A Population Based Case-control Study.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04260490. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 2. Publications: 2.
Data from: Integrating the pace-of-life syndrome across species, sexes and individuals: covariation of life history and personality under pesticide exposure
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.