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393 results for “pesticides”
What doesn’t kill you makes you sluggish: How sublethal pesticides alter predator-prey interactions, 2004.
Pesticides commonly occur in ecological communities at relatively low concentrations, leading to growing interest in determining the sublethal effects of pesticides. Such effects should affect individuals and, in turn, alter interspecific interactions. We sought to determine how sublethal concentrations (0.1 and 1.0 mg/L) of two common pesticides (carbaryl and malathion) affected predator and prey behavior as well as subsequent predation rates. We conducted a series of experiments using three species of larval amphibians (Gray Treefrogs, Hyla versicolor; Green Frogs, Rana clamitans; and American Bullfrogs, R. catesbeiana) and three species of their predators (larval dragonflies, Anax junius; adult water bugs, Belostoma flumineum; and adult Red-spotted Newts, Notophthalmus viridescens). We found that the pesticides frequently reduced the activity of all three tadpole species. For the two invertebrate predators (Anax and Belostoma), the pesticides were lethal, precluding us from examining sublethal effects on predator–prey interactions. However, newt survival was high and the addition of the pesticides reduced the predation rates of newts in one of the three tadpole species. There were no effects of the pesticides on the striking frequency of the newts or on their prey capture efficiency. Thus, the mechanism underlying the pesticide-induced reduction in predation rates remains unclear. What is clear is that sublethal concentrations of pesticides have the potential to alter prey behavior and species interactions and thereby alter the composition of ecological communities.
The effects of pesticides, pH, and predatory stress in amphibians under mesocosm conditions.
Pesticides are applied throughout the world often with unintended consequences on ecological communities. In some regions, pesticides are associated with declining amphibians, but we have a poor understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Pesticides break down more slowly under low pH conditions and become more lethal to amphibians when combined with predatory stress, but these phenomena have not been tested outside of the laboratory. I examined how pH, predatory stress, and a single application of an insecticide (carbaryl) affected the survival and growth of larval bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) and green frogs (R. clamitans) in outdoor mesocosms. Decreased pH had no effect on survival, but caused greater tadpole growth. Low concentrations of carbaryl had no effect on either species, but high concentrations caused lower survival and greater growth in bullfrogs. Predatory stress and reduced pH did not make carbaryl more lethal likely due to the rapid breakdown rate of carbaryl in outdoor mesocosms. Thus, whereas the stress of pH and predators can make carbaryl (and other pesticides) more lethal under laboratory conditions using repeated applications of carbaryl, these stressors did not interact under mesocosm conditions using a single application of carbaryl.
Predator cues and pesticides: A double dose of danger for amphibians.
Amphibians are declining globally, and biologists have struggled to identify the causes. Pesticides may play a role in these declines, but pesticide concentrations in nature often are low and considered sublethal. Past research has found that the globally common pesticide carbaryl can become more lethal under different environmental conditions including differences in temperature and competition. A recent study has found that predatory stress, a situation common for most amphibians, can make carbaryl 2–4 times more deadly to gray tree frogs (Hyla versicolor). To determine whether this is a general phenomenon in amphibians, I examined how carbaryl affected the survival of six amphibian species in the presence and absence of predatory stress. Higher concentrations of carbaryl caused higher mortality. In two of the six species, carbaryl became even more lethal when combined with predatory stress (up to 46 times more lethal). This suggests that apparently safe concentrations of carbaryl (and perhaps other pesticides with similar modes of action) can become more deadly to some amphibian species when combined with predator cues.
Relyea, R. A., and N. Mills. 2001. Predator-induced stress makes the pesticide carbaryl more deadly to grey treefrog tadpoles (Hyla versicolor). PNAS 98:2491-2496.
Global declines in amphibians likely have multiple causes, including widespread pesticide use. Our knowledge of pesticide effects on amphibians is largely limited to short-term (4-d) toxicity tests conducted under highly artificial conditions to determine lethal concentrations (LC50). We found that if we used slightly longer exposure times (10–16 d), low concentrations of the pesticide carbaryl (3–4% of LC504-d) killed 10–60% of gray treefrog (Hyla versicolor) tadpoles. If predatory cues also were present, the pesticide became 2–4 times more lethal, killing 60–98% of tadpoles. Thus, under more realistic conditions of increased exposure times and predatory stress, current application rates for carbaryl can potentially devastate gray treefrog populations. Further, because predator-induced stress is ubiquitous in animals and carbaryl’s mode of action is common to many pesticides, these negative impacts may be widespread in nature.
Reduced stress defense responses contribute to the higher toxicity of a pesticide under warming
<p>There is a pressing need to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying the, often magnifying, interactive effects between contaminants and natural stressors. We here test our hypothesis that lower general stress defense responses contribute to synergistic interactions between stressors. We focus on the widespread pattern that many contaminants are more toxic at higher temperatures. Specifically, we tested the effects of an environmentally realistic low-effect and high-effect concentration of the pesticide chlorpyrifos under warming at the gene expression level in the Northern house mosquito <em>Culex pipiens molestus</em> (Forskal, 1775). By applying the independent action model for combined stressors on RNA-seq data, we identified interactive gene expression patterns under combined exposure to chlorpyrifos and warming for general stress defense responses: protection of macromolecules, antioxidant processes, detoxification, and energy metabolism/allocation. Most of these general stress defense response genes showed upregulated antagonistic interactions, i.e. were less upregulated than expected under the independent action model. This indicates that when pesticide exposure was combined with warming the general stress defense responses were no longer buffering increased stress levels, which may contribute to a higher sensitivity to toxicants under warming. These upregulated antagonistic interactions were stronger for the high-effect chlorpyrifos concentration, indicating that exposure to this concentration under warming was most stressful. Our results highlight that quantitative analysis of the frequency and strength of the interaction types of general stress defense response genes, specifically focusing on antagonistic upregulations and synergistic downregulations, may advance understanding of how natural stressors modify the toxicity of contaminants.</p>
Data from: Independently evolved and gene flow‐accelerated pesticide resistance in two‐spotted spider mites
<p>Pest species are often able to develop resistance to pesticides used to control them, depending on how rapidly resistance can emerge within a population or spread from another resistant population. We examined the evolution of bifenazate resistance in China in the two‐spotted spider mite (TSSM) <em>Tetranychus</em> <em>uticae</em> Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), one of the most resistant arthropods, by using bioassays, detection of mutations in the target <em>cytb</em> gene, and population genetic structure analysis using microsatellite markers. Bioassays showed variable levels of resistance to bifenazate. The <em>cytb</em> mutation G126S, which confers medium resistance in TSSM to bifenazate, had previously been detected prior to the application of bifenazate and was now widespread, suggesting likely resistance evolution from standing genetic variation. G126S was detected in geographically distant populations across different genetic clusters, pointing to the independent origin of this mutation in different TSSM populations. A novel A269V mutation linked to a low‐level resistance was detected in two southern populations. Widespread resistance associated with a high frequency of the G126S allele was found in four populations from the Beijing area which were not genetically differentiated. In this case, a high level of gene flows likely accelerated the development of resistance within this local region, as well as into an outlying region distant from Beijing. These findings, therefore, suggest patterns consistent with both local evolution of pesticide resistance as well as an impact of migration, helping to inform resistance management strategies in TSSM.</p>
Pesticide ecotoxicology Tier 1 endpoints database
<p>The database was developed under the contract CT/EFSA/PPR/2010/03 with the purpose to provide a compilation in IUCLID 5.2 of ecotoxicological endpoints of the active substances and plant protection products (PPPs). It was developed to support the revision of guidance documents on aquatic and terrestrial ecotoxicology. The database for all Tier 1 studies where higher tier studies we also available in the dossier submitted under Directive 91/414/EEC for aquatic organisms, bees, non target arthropods, non target plants and soil organisms. The variables include report metadata, active substance, species tested, description of the experimental conditions and endpoint values (e.g LC50, NOEC, EC50, ER50) according to OECD harmonised templates for Effects on biotic systems. The database includes data extraction for 5745 ecotoxicological endpoint and 1625 risk assessment endpoints.</p> <p>The Format XML export from IUCLID 5.2. with author names removed. XSD is included. The study was outsourced after a procurement procedure.</p>
The organophosphate pesticide methamidophos opens the blood-testis barrier and covalently binds to ZO-2 in mice
<p>We studied biological effects and post-translational modifications of proteins after treating mice with the pesticide methamidophos.</p> <p>This data set provides evidence for the modification of ZO-2, indicating that the blood-testis barrier in mouse was crossed.</p>
Northern Ireland results from the monitoring of pesticide residues in food
<p>This dataset contains the analytical results of pesticide residues measured in the food products analysed by the national competent authorities. Pesticide residues resulting from the use of plant protection products on crops that are used for food or feed production may pose a risk factor for public health. For this reason, a comprehensive legislative framework has been established in the European Union (EU), which defines rules for the approval of active substances used in plant protection products, the use of plant protection products and for pesticide residues in food. In order to ensure a high level of consumer protection, legal limits, so called “maximum residue levels” or briefly “MRLs”, are established in Regulation (EC) No 396/2005. EU-harmonised MRLs are set for all pesticides covering all types of food products. A default MRL of 0.01 mg/kg is applicable for pesticides not explicitly mentioned in the MRL legislation. Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 imposes on Member States the obligation to carry out controls to ensure that food placed on the market is compliant with the legal limits.</p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>free of quantifiable residues</strong> if the analytes were not present in concentrations at or above the limit of quantification (LOQ). The LOQ is the smallest concentration of an analyte that can be quantified with the analytical method used to analyse the sample. It is commonly defined as the minimum concentration of the analyte in the test sample that can be determined with acceptable precision and accuracy.</p> <p>If a sample is <strong>contains quantifiable residues</strong> but within the legally permitted limit (maximum residue level, MRL), it is described as a sample with quantified residue levels within the legal limits (below or at the MRL)</p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>non-compliant</strong> with the legal limit (MRL), if the measured residue concentrations clearly exceed the legal limits, taking into account the measurement uncertainty. It is current practice that the uncertainty of the analytical measurement is taken into account before legal or administrative sanctions are imposed on food business operators for infringement of the MRL legislation.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>REPORTING AUTHORITIES CONTRIBUTING TO EACH DATA COLLECTION:</strong></p> <p>MOPER_2023 - Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs (DAERA)</p> <p>MOPER_2022 - Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs (DAERA)</p> <p>MOPER_2021 - Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs (DAERA)</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>We are seeking feedback on our open data please complete the survey at the link below:<br>https://ec.europa.eu/eusurvey/runner/9344dfa0-f384-cb72-65f6-6c187a6d0f14</strong></p>
Swedish results from the monitoring of pesticide residues in food
<p>This dataset contains the analytical results of pesticide residues measured in the food products analysed by the national competent authorities. Pesticide residues resulting from the use of plant protection products on crops that are used for food or feed production may pose a risk factor for public health. For this reason, a comprehensive legislative framework has been established in the European Union (EU), which defines rules for the approval of active substances used in plant protection products, the use of plant protection products and for pesticide residues in food. In order to ensure a high level of consumer protection, legal limits, so called “maximum residue levels” or briefly “MRLs”, are established in Regulation (EC) No 396/2005. EU-harmonised MRLs are set for all pesticides covering all types of food products. A default MRL of 0.01 mg/kg is applicable for pesticides not explicitly mentioned in the MRL legislation. Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 imposes on Member States the obligation to carry out controls to ensure that food placed on the market is compliant with the legal limits.</p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>free of quantifiable residues</strong> if the analytes were not present in concentrations at or above the limit of quantification (LOQ). The LOQ is the smallest concentration of an analyte that can be quantified with the analytical method used to analyse the sample. It is commonly defined as the minimum concentration of the analyte in the test sample that can be determined with acceptable precision and accuracy.</p> <p>If a sample <strong>contains quantifiable residues</strong> but within the legally permitted limit (maximum residue level, MRL), it is described as a sample with quantified residue levels within the legal limits (below or at the MRL)</p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>non-compliant</strong> with the legal limit (MRL), if the measured residue concentrations clearly exceed the legal limits, taking into account the measurement uncertainty. It is current practice that the uncertainty of the analytical measurement is taken into account before legal or administrative sanctions are imposed on food business operators for infringement of the MRL legislation.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>REPORTING AUTHORITIES CONTRIBUTING TO EACH DATA COLLECTION:</strong></p> <p>MOPER_2023 - Swedish Food Agency</p> <p>MOPER_2022 - Swedish Food Agency</p> <p>MOPER_2021 - Swedish Food Agency</p> <p>MOPER_2020 - Swedish Food Agency</p> <p>MOPER_2019 - Swedish Food Agency</p> <p>MOPER_2018 - Swedish Food Agency</p> <p>MOPER_2017 - Swedish Food Agency</p> <p>MOPER_2016 - Swedish Food Agency</p> <p>MOPER_2015 - Swedish Food Agency</p> <p>MOPER_2014 - Swedish Food Agency</p> <p>MOPER_2013 - Swedish Food Agency</p> <p>MOPER_2012 - Swedish Food Agency</p> <p>MOPER_2011 - Swedish Food Agency</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>We are seeking feedback on our open data please complete the survey at the link below:<br>https://ec.europa.eu/eusurvey/runner/9344dfa0-f384-cb72-65f6-6c187a6d0f14</strong></p>
Spanish results from the monitoring of pesticide residues in food
<p>This dataset contains the analytical results of pesticide residues measured in the food products analysed by the national competent authorities. Pesticide residues resulting from the use of plant protection products on crops that are used for food or feed production may pose a risk factor for public health. For this reason, a comprehensive legislative framework has been established in the European Union (EU), which defines rules for the approval of active substances used in plant protection products, the use of plant protection products and for pesticide residues in food. In order to ensure a high level of consumer protection, legal limits, so called “maximum residue levels” or briefly “MRLs”, are established in Regulation (EC) No 396/2005. EU-harmonised MRLs are set for all pesticides covering all types of food products. A default MRL of 0.01 mg/kg is applicable for pesticides not explicitly mentioned in the MRL legislation. Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 imposes on Member States the obligation to carry out controls to ensure that food placed on the market is compliant with the legal limits.</p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>free of quantifiable residues</strong> if the analytes were not present in concentrations at or above the limit of quantification (LOQ). The LOQ is the smallest concentration of an analyte that can be quantified with the analytical method used to analyse the sample. It is commonly defined as the minimum concentration of the analyte in the test sample that can be determined with acceptable precision and accuracy.</p> <p>If a sample <strong>contains quantifiable residues</strong> but within the legally permitted limit (maximum residue level, MRL), it is described as a sample with quantified residue levels within the legal limits (below or at the MRL)</p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>non-compliant</strong> with the legal limit (MRL), if the measured residue concentrations clearly exceed the legal limits, taking into account the measurement uncertainty. It is current practice that the uncertainty of the analytical measurement is taken into account before legal or administrative sanctions are imposed on food business operators for infringement of the MRL legislation.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>REPORTING AUTHORITIES CONTRIBUTING TO EACH DATA COLLECTION:</strong></p> <p>MOPER_2023 - Agencia Española de Consumo, Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición</p> <p>MOPER_2022 - Agencia Española de Consumo, Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición</p> <p>MOPER_2021 - Agencia Española de Consumo, Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición</p> <p>MOPER_2020 - Agencia Española de Consumo, Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición</p> <p>MOPER_2019 - Agencia Española de Consumo, Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición</p> <p>MOPER_2018 - Agencia Española de Consumo, Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición</p> <p>MOPER_2017 - Agencia Española de Consumo, Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición</p> <p>MOPER_2016 - Agencia Española de Consumo, Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición</p> <p>MOPER_2015 - Agencia Española de Consumo, Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición</p> <p>MOPER_2014 - Agencia Española de Consumo, Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición</p> <p>MOPER_2013 - Agencia Española de Consumo, Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición</p> <p>MOPER_2012 - Agencia Española de Consumo, Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición</p> <p>MOPER_2011 - Agencia Española de Consumo, Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>We are seeking feedback on our open data please complete the survey at the link below:<br>https://ec.europa.eu/eusurvey/runner/9344dfa0-f384-cb72-65f6-6c187a6d0f14</strong></p>
Slovenian results from the monitoring of pesticide residues in food
<p>This dataset contains the analytical results of pesticide residues measured in the food products analysed by the national competent authorities. Pesticide residues resulting from the use of plant protection products on crops that are used for food or feed production may pose a risk factor for public health. For this reason, a comprehensive legislative framework has been established in the European Union (EU), which defines rules for the approval of active substances used in plant protection products, the use of plant protection products and for pesticide residues in food. In order to ensure a high level of consumer protection, legal limits, so called “maximum residue levels” or briefly “MRLs”, are established in Regulation (EC) No 396/2005. EU-harmonised MRLs are set for all pesticides covering all types of food products. A default MRL of 0.01 mg/kg is applicable for pesticides not explicitly mentioned in the MRL legislation. Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 imposes on Member States the obligation to carry out controls to ensure that food placed on the market is compliant with the legal limits.</p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>free of quantifiable residues</strong> if the analytes were not present in concentrations at or above the limit of quantification (LOQ). The LOQ is the smallest concentration of an analyte that can be quantified with the analytical method used to analyse the sample. It is commonly defined as the minimum concentration of the analyte in the test sample that can be determined with acceptable precision and accuracy.</p> <p>If a sample <strong>contains quantifiable residues</strong> but within the legally permitted limit (maximum residue level, MRL), it is described as a sample with quantified residue levels within the legal limits (below or at the MRL)</p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>non-compliant</strong> with the legal limit (MRL), if the measured residue concentrations clearly exceed the legal limits, taking into account the measurement uncertainty. It is current practice that the uncertainty of the analytical measurement is taken into account before legal or administrative sanctions are imposed on food business operators for infringement of the MRL legislation.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>REPORTING AUTHORITIES CONTRIBUTING TO EACH DATA COLLECTION:</strong></p> <p>MOPER_2023 - Ministry for agriculture, forestry and food, Health Inspectorate of the Republic of Slovenia</p> <p>MOPER_2022 - Ministry for agriculture, forestry and food, Health Inspectorate of the Republic of Slovenia</p> <p>MOPER_2021 - Ministry for agriculture, forestry and food, Health Inspectorate of the Republic of Slovenia</p> <p>MOPER_2020 - Ministry for agriculture, forestry and food, Health Inspectorate of the Republic of Slovenia</p> <p>MOPER_2019 - Ministry for agriculture, forestry and food, Health Inspectorate of the Republic of Slovenia</p> <p>MOPER_2018 - Ministry for agriculture, forestry and food, Health Inspectorate of the Republic of Slovenia</p> <p>MOPER_2017 - Ministry for agriculture, forestry and food, Health Inspectorate of the Republic of Slovenia</p> <p>MOPER_2016 - Ministry for agriculture, forestry and food, Health Inspectorate of the Republic of Slovenia</p> <p>MOPER_2015 - Ministry for agriculture, forestry and food, Health Inspectorate of the Republic of Slovenia</p> <p>MOPER_2014 - Ministry for agriculture, forestry and food, Health Inspectorate of the Republic of Slovenia</p> <p>MOPER_2013 - Ministry for agriculture, forestry and food, Health Inspectorate of the Republic of Slovenia</p> <p>MOPER_2012 - Ministry for agriculture, forestry and food, Health Inspectorate of the Republic of Slovenia</p> <p>MOPER_2011 - Ministry for agriculture, forestry and food, Health Inspectorate of the Republic of Slovenia</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>We are seeking feedback on our open data please complete the survey at the link below:<br>https://ec.europa.eu/eusurvey/runner/9344dfa0-f384-cb72-65f6-6c187a6d0f14</strong></p>
Slovakian results from the monitoring of pesticide residues in food
<p>This dataset contains the analytical results of pesticide residues measured in the food products analysed by the national competent authorities. Pesticide residues resulting from the use of plant protection products on crops that are used for food or feed production may pose a risk factor for public health. For this reason, a comprehensive legislative framework has been established in the European Union (EU), which defines rules for the approval of active substances used in plant protection products, the use of plant protection products and for pesticide residues in food. In order to ensure a high level of consumer protection, legal limits, so called “maximum residue levels” or briefly “MRLs”, are established in Regulation (EC) No 396/2005. EU-harmonised MRLs are set for all pesticides covering all types of food products. A default MRL of 0.01 mg/kg is applicable for pesticides not explicitly mentioned in the MRL legislation. Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 imposes on Member States the obligation to carry out controls to ensure that food placed on the market is compliant with the legal limits.</p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>free of quantifiable residues</strong> if the analytes were not present in concentrations at or above the limit of quantification (LOQ). The LOQ is the smallest concentration of an analyte that can be quantified with the analytical method used to analyse the sample. It is commonly defined as the minimum concentration of the analyte in the test sample that can be determined with acceptable precision and accuracy.</p> <p>If a sample <strong>contains quantifiable residues</strong> but within the legally permitted limit (maximum residue level, MRL), it is described as a sample with quantified residue levels within the legal limits (below or at the MRL)</p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>non-compliant</strong> with the legal limit (MRL), if the measured residue concentrations clearly exceed the legal limits, taking into account the measurement uncertainty. It is current practice that the uncertainty of the analytical measurement is taken into account before legal or administrative sanctions are imposed on food business operators for infringement of the MRL legislation.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>REPORTING AUTHORITIES CONTRIBUTING TO EACH DATA COLLECTION:</strong></p> <p>MOPER_2023 - State Veterinary and Food Administration of the Slovak Republic</p> <p>MOPER_2022 - State Veterinary and Food Administration of the Slovak Republic</p> <p>MOPER_2021 - State Veterinary and Food Administration of the Slovak Republic</p> <p>MOPER_2020 - State Veterinary and Food Administration of the Slovak Republic</p> <p>MOPER_2019 - State Veterinary and Food Administration of the Slovak Republic</p> <p>MOPER_2018 - State Veterinary and Food Administration of the Slovak Republic</p> <p>MOPER_2017 - State Veterinary and Food Administration of the Slovak Republic</p> <p>MOPER_2016 - State Veterinary and Food Administration of the Slovak Republic</p> <p>MOPER_2015 - State Veterinary and Food Administration of the Slovak Republic</p> <p>MOPER_2014 - State Veterinary and Food Administration of the Slovak Republic</p> <p>MOPER_2013 - State Veterinary and Food Administration of the Slovak Republic</p> <p>MOPER_2012 - State Veterinary and Food Administration of the Slovak Republic</p> <p>MOPER_2011 - State Veterinary and Food Administration of the Slovak Republic</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>We are seeking feedback on our open data please complete the survey at the link below:<br>https://ec.europa.eu/eusurvey/runner/9344dfa0-f384-cb72-65f6-6c187a6d0f14</strong></p>
Romanian results from the monitoring of pesticide residues in food
<p>This dataset contains the analytical results of pesticide residues measured in the food products analysed by the national competent authorities. Pesticide residues resulting from the use of plant protection products on crops that are used for food or feed production may pose a risk factor for public health. For this reason, a comprehensive legislative framework has been established in the European Union (EU), which defines rules for the approval of active substances used in plant protection products, the use of plant protection products and for pesticide residues in food. In order to ensure a high level of consumer protection, legal limits, so called “maximum residue levels” or briefly “MRLs”, are established in Regulation (EC) No 396/2005. EU-harmonised MRLs are set for all pesticides covering all types of food products. A default MRL of 0.01 mg/kg is applicable for pesticides not explicitly mentioned in the MRL legislation. Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 imposes on Member States the obligation to carry out controls to ensure that food placed on the market is compliant with the legal limits.</p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>free of quantifiable residues</strong> if the analytes were not present in concentrations at or above the limit of quantification (LOQ). The LOQ is the smallest concentration of an analyte that can be quantified with the analytical method used to analyse the sample. It is commonly defined as the minimum concentration of the analyte in the test sample that can be determined with acceptable precision and accuracy.</p> <p>If a sample <strong>contains quantifiable residues</strong> but within the legally permitted limit (maximum residue level, MRL), it is described as a sample with quantified residue levels within the legal limits (below or at the MRL)</p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>non-compliant</strong> with the legal limit (MRL), if the measured residue concentrations clearly exceed the legal limits, taking into account the measurement uncertainty. It is current practice that the uncertainty of the analytical measurement is taken into account before legal or administrative sanctions are imposed on food business operators for infringement of the MRL legislation.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>REPORTING AUTHORITIES CONTRIBUTING TO EACH DATA COLLECTION:</strong></p> <p>MOPER_2023 - National Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Authority</p> <p>MOPER_2022 - National Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Authority</p> <p>MOPER_2021 - National Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Authority</p> <p>MOPER_2020 - National Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Authority</p> <p>MOPER_2019 - National Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Authority</p> <p>MOPER_2018 - National Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Authority</p> <p>MOPER_2017 - National Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Authority</p> <p>MOPER_2016 - National Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Authority</p> <p>MOPER_2015 - National Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Authority</p> <p>MOPER_2014 - National Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Authority</p> <p>MOPER_2013 - National Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Authority</p> <p>MOPER_2012 - National Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Authority</p> <p>MOPER_2011 - National Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Authority</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>We are seeking feedback on our open data please complete the survey at the link below:<br>https://ec.europa.eu/eusurvey/runner/9344dfa0-f384-cb72-65f6-6c187a6d0f14</strong></p>
Portuguese results from the monitoring of pesticide residues in food
<p>This dataset contains the analytical results of pesticide residues measured in the food products analysed by the national competent authorities. Pesticide residues resulting from the use of plant protection products on crops that are used for food or feed production may pose a risk factor for public health. For this reason, a comprehensive legislative framework has been established in the European Union (EU), which defines rules for the approval of active substances used in plant protection products, the use of plant protection products and for pesticide residues in food. In order to ensure a high level of consumer protection, legal limits, so called “maximum residue levels” or briefly “MRLs”, are established in Regulation (EC) No 396/2005. EU-harmonised MRLs are set for all pesticides covering all types of food products. A default MRL of 0.01 mg/kg is applicable for pesticides not explicitly mentioned in the MRL legislation. Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 imposes on Member States the obligation to carry out controls to ensure that food placed on the market is compliant with the legal limits.</p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>free of quantifiable residues</strong> if the analytes were not present in concentrations at or above the limit of quantification (LOQ). The LOQ is the smallest concentration of an analyte that can be quantified with the analytical method used to analyse the sample. It is commonly defined as the minimum concentration of the analyte in the test sample that can be determined with acceptable precision and accuracy.</p> <p>If a sample <strong>contains quantifiable residues</strong> but within the legally permitted limit (maximum residue level, MRL), it is described as a sample with quantified residue levels within the legal limits (below or at the MRL)</p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>non-compliant</strong> with the legal limit (MRL), if the measured residue concentrations clearly exceed the legal limits, taking into account the measurement uncertainty. It is current practice that the uncertainty of the analytical measurement is taken into account before legal or administrative sanctions are imposed on food business operators for infringement of the MRL legislation.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>REPORTING AUTHORITIES CONTRIBUTING TO EACH DATA COLLECTION:</strong></p> <p>MOPER_2023 - Direcção-Geral de Alimentação e Veterinária</p> <p>MOPER_2022 - Direcção-Geral de Alimentação e Veterinária</p> <p>MOPER_2021 - Direcção-Geral de Alimentação e Veterinária</p> <p>MOPER_2020 - Direcção-Geral de Alimentação e Veterinária</p> <p>MOPER_2019 - Direcção-Geral de Alimentação e Veterinária</p> <p>MOPER_2018 - Direcção-Geral de Alimentação e Veterinária</p> <p>MOPER_2017 - Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária</p> <p>MOPER_2016 - Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária</p> <p>MOPER_2015 - Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária</p> <p>MOPER_2014 - Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária</p> <p>MOPER_2013 - Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária</p> <p>MOPER_2012 - Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária</p> <p>MOPER_2011 - Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>We are seeking feedback on our open data please complete the survey at the link below:<br>https://ec.europa.eu/eusurvey/runner/9344dfa0-f384-cb72-65f6-6c187a6d0f14</strong></p>
Polish results from the monitoring of pesticide residues in food
<p>This dataset contains the analytical results of pesticide residues measured in the food products analysed by the national competent authorities. Pesticide residues resulting from the use of plant protection products on crops that are used for food or feed production may pose a risk factor for public health. For this reason, a comprehensive legislative framework has been established in the European Union (EU), which defines rules for the approval of active substances used in plant protection products, the use of plant protection products and for pesticide residues in food. In order to ensure a high level of consumer protection, legal limits, so called “maximum residue levels” or briefly “MRLs”, are established in Regulation (EC) No 396/2005. EU-harmonised MRLs are set for all pesticides covering all types of food products. A default MRL of 0.01 mg/kg is applicable for pesticides not explicitly mentioned in the MRL legislation. Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 imposes on Member States the obligation to carry out controls to ensure that food placed on the market is compliant with the legal limits.</p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>free of quantifiable residues</strong> if the analytes were not present in concentrations at or above the limit of quantification (LOQ). The LOQ is the smallest concentration of an analyte that can be quantified with the analytical method used to analyse the sample. It is commonly defined as the minimum concentration of the analyte in the test sample that can be determined with acceptable precision and accuracy.</p> <p>If a sample <strong>contains quantifiable residues</strong> but within the legally permitted limit (maximum residue level, MRL), it is described as a sample with quantified residue levels within the legal limits (below or at the MRL)</p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>non-compliant</strong> with the legal limit (MRL), if the measured residue concentrations clearly exceed the legal limits, taking into account the measurement uncertainty. It is current practice that the uncertainty of the analytical measurement is taken into account before legal or administrative sanctions are imposed on food business operators for infringement of the MRL legislation.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>REPORTING AUTHORITIES CONTRIBUTING TO EACH DATA COLLECTION:</strong></p> <p>MOPER_2023 - Chief Sanitary Inspectorate</p> <p>MOPER_2022 - Chief Sanitary Inspectorate</p> <p>MOPER_2021 - Chief Sanitary Inspectorate</p> <p>MOPER_2020 - Chief Sanitary Inspectorate</p> <p>MOPER_2019 - Chief Sanitary Inspectorate</p> <p>MOPER_2018 - Chief Sanitary Inspectorate</p> <p>MOPER_2017 - Chief Sanitary Inspectorate</p> <p>MOPER_2016 - Chief Sanitary Inspectorate</p> <p>MOPER_2015 - Chief Sanitary Inspectorate</p> <p>MOPER_2014 - Chief Sanitary Inspectorate</p> <p>MOPER_2013 - Chief Sanitary Inspectorate</p> <p>MOPER_2012 - Chief Sanitary Inspectorate</p> <p>MOPER_2011 - Chief Sanitary Inspectorate</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>We are seeking feedback on our open data please complete the survey at the link below:<br>https://ec.europa.eu/eusurvey/runner/9344dfa0-f384-cb72-65f6-6c187a6d0f14</strong></p>
Norwegian results from the monitoring of pesticide residues in food
<p>This dataset contains the analytical results of pesticide residues measured in the food products analysed by the national competent authorities. Pesticide residues resulting from the use of plant protection products on crops that are used for food or feed production may pose a risk factor for public health. For this reason, a comprehensive legislative framework has been established in the European Union (EU), which defines rules for the approval of active substances used in plant protection products, the use of plant protection products and for pesticide residues in food. In order to ensure a high level of consumer protection, legal limits, so called “maximum residue levels” or briefly “MRLs”, are established in Regulation (EC) No 396/2005. EU-harmonised MRLs are set for all pesticides covering all types of food products. A default MRL of 0.01 mg/kg is applicable for pesticides not explicitly mentioned in the MRL legislation. Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 imposes on Member States the obligation to carry out controls to ensure that food placed on the market is compliant with the legal limits.</p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>free of quantifiable residues</strong> if the analytes were not present in concentrations at or above the limit of quantification (LOQ). The LOQ is the smallest concentration of an analyte that can be quantified with the analytical method used to analyse the sample. It is commonly defined as the minimum concentration of the analyte in the test sample that can be determined with acceptable precision and accuracy.</p> <p>If a sample <strong>contains quantifiable residues</strong> but within the legally permitted limit (maximum residue level, MRL), it is described as a sample with quantified residue levels within the legal limits (below or at the MRL)</p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>non-compliant</strong> with the legal limit (MRL), if the measured residue concentrations clearly exceed the legal limits, taking into account the measurement uncertainty. It is current practice that the uncertainty of the analytical measurement is taken into account before legal or administrative sanctions are imposed on food business operators for infringement of the MRL legislation.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>REPORTING AUTHORITIES CONTRIBUTING TO EACH DATA COLLECTION:</strong></p> <p>MOPER_2023 - NIBIO - Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research</p> <p>MOPER_2022 - NIBIO - Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research</p> <p>MOPER_2021 - NIBIO - Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research</p> <p>MOPER_2020 - NIBIO - Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research</p> <p>MOPER_2019 - NIBIO - Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research</p> <p>MOPER_2018 - Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research</p> <p>MOPER_2017 - Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research</p> <p>MOPER_2016 - Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research</p> <p>MOPER_2015 - Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research</p> <p>MOPER_2014 - Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research</p> <p>MOPER_2013 - Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research</p> <p>MOPER_2012 - Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research</p> <p>MOPER_2011 - Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>We are seeking feedback on our open data please complete the survey at the link below:<br>https://ec.europa.eu/eusurvey/runner/9344dfa0-f384-cb72-65f6-6c187a6d0f14</strong></p>
French results from the monitoring of pesticide residues in food
<p>This dataset contains the analytical results of pesticide residues measured in the food products analysed by the national competent authorities. Pesticide residues resulting from the use of plant protection products on crops that are used for food or feed production may pose a risk factor for public health. For this reason, a comprehensive legislative framework has been established in the European Union (EU), which defines rules for the approval of active substances used in plant protection products, the use of plant protection products and for pesticide residues in food. In order to ensure a high level of consumer protection, legal limits, so called “maximum residue levels” or briefly “MRLs”, are established in Regulation (EC) No 396/2005. EU-harmonised MRLs are set for all pesticides covering all types of food products. A default MRL of 0.01 mg/kg is applicable for pesticides not explicitly mentioned in the MRL legislation. Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 imposes on Member States the obligation to carry out controls to ensure that food placed on the market is compliant with the legal limits.</p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>free of quantifiable residues</strong> if the analytes were not present in concentrations at or above the limit of quantification (LOQ). The LOQ is the smallest concentration of an analyte that can be quantified with the analytical method used to analyse the sample. It is commonly defined as the minimum concentration of the analyte in the test sample that can be determined with acceptable precision and accuracy.</p> <p>If a sample <strong>contains quantifiable residues</strong> but within the legally permitted limit (maximum residue level, MRL), it is described as a sample with quantified residue levels within the legal limits (below or at the MRL)</p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>non-compliant</strong> with the legal limit (MRL), if the measured residue concentrations clearly exceed the legal limits, taking into account the measurement uncertainty. It is current practice that the uncertainty of the analytical measurement is taken into account before legal or administrative sanctions are imposed on food business operators for infringement of the MRL legislation.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>REPORTING AUTHORITIES CONTRIBUTING TO EACH DATA COLLECTION:</strong></p> <p>MOPER_2023 - Service Commun des Laboratoires DGDDI et DGCCRF</p> <p>MOPER_2022 - Service Commun des Laboratoires DGDDI et DGCCRF</p> <p>MOPER_2021 - Service Commun des Laboratoires DGDDI et DGCCRF</p> <p>MOPER_2020 - Service Commun des Laboratoires DGDDI et DGCCRF</p> <p>MOPER_2019 - Service Commun des Laboratoires DGDDI et DGCCRF</p> <p>MOPER_2018 - Service Commun des Laboratoires DGDDI et DGCCRF</p> <p>MOPER_2017 - Service Commun des Laboratoires DGDDI et DGCCRF</p> <p>MOPER_2016 - Service Commun des Laboratoires DGDDI et DGCCRF</p> <p>MOPER_2015 - Service Commun des Laboratoires DGDDI et DGCCRF</p> <p>MOPER_2014 - Service Commun des Laboratoires DGDDI et DGCCRF</p> <p>MOPER_2013 - Service Commun des Laboratoires DGDDI et DGCCRF</p> <p>MOPER_2012 - Service Commun des Laboratoires DGDDI et DGCCRF</p> <p>MOPER_2011 - Service Commun des Laboratoires DGDDI et DGCCRF</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>We are seeking feedback on our open data please complete the survey at the link below:<br>https://ec.europa.eu/eusurvey/runner/9344dfa0-f384-cb72-65f6-6c187a6d0f14</strong></p>
Icelandic results from the monitoring of pesticide residues in food
<p>This dataset contains the analytical results of pesticide residues measured in the food products analysed by the national competent authorities. Pesticide residues resulting from the use of plant protection products on crops that are used for food or feed production may pose a risk factor for public health. For this reason, a comprehensive legislative framework has been established in the European Union (EU), which defines rules for the approval of active substances used in plant protection products, the use of plant protection products and for pesticide residues in food. In order to ensure a high level of consumer protection, legal limits, so called “maximum residue levels” or briefly “MRLs”, are established in Regulation (EC) No 396/2005. EU-harmonised MRLs are set for all pesticides covering all types of food products. A default MRL of 0.01 mg/kg is applicable for pesticides not explicitly mentioned in the MRL legislation. Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 imposes on Member States the obligation to carry out controls to ensure that food placed on the market is compliant with the legal limits.</p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>free of quantifiable residues</strong> if the analytes were not present in concentrations at or above the limit of quantification (LOQ). The LOQ is the smallest concentration of an analyte that can be quantified with the analytical method used to analyse the sample. It is commonly defined as the minimum concentration of the analyte in the test sample that can be determined with acceptable precision and accuracy.</p> <p>If a sample <strong>contains quantifiable residues</strong> but within the legally permitted limit (maximum residue level, MRL), it is described as a sample with quantified residue levels within the legal limits (below or at the MRL)</p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>non-compliant</strong> with the legal limit (MRL), if the measured residue concentrations clearly exceed the legal limits, taking into account the measurement uncertainty. It is current practice that the uncertainty of the analytical measurement is taken into account before legal or administrative sanctions are imposed on food business operators for infringement of the MRL legislation.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>REPORTING AUTHORITIES CONTRIBUTING TO EACH DATA COLLECTION:</strong></p> <p>MOPER_2023 - Icelandic Food and Veterinary Authority</p> <p>MOPER_2022 - Icelandic Food and Veterinary Authority</p> <p>MOPER_2021 - Icelandic Food and Veterinary Authority</p> <p>MOPER_2020 - Icelandic Food and Veterinary Authority</p> <p>MOPER_2019 - Icelandic Food and Veterinary Authority</p> <p>MOPER_2018 - Icelandic Food and Veterinary Authority</p> <p>MOPER_2017 - Icelandic Food and Veterinary Authority</p> <p>MOPER_2016 - Icelandic Food and Veterinary Authority</p> <p>MOPER_2015 - Icelandic Food and Veterinary Authority</p> <p>MOPER_2014 - Icelandic Food and Veterinary Authority</p> <p>MOPER_2013 - Icelandic Food and Veterinary Authority</p> <p>MOPER_2012 - Icelandic Food and Veterinary Authority</p> <p>MOPER_2011 - Icelandic Food and Veterinary Authority</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>We are seeking feedback on our open data please complete the survey at the link below:<br>https://ec.europa.eu/eusurvey/runner/9344dfa0-f384-cb72-65f6-6c187a6d0f14</strong></p>
North Macedonia results from the monitoring of pesticide residues in food
<p>This dataset contains the analytical results of pesticide residues measured in the food products analysed by the national competent authorities. Pesticide residues resulting from the use of plant protection products on crops that are used for food or feed production may pose a risk factor for public health. For this reason, a comprehensive legislative framework has been established in the European Union (EU), which defines rules for the approval of active substances used in plant protection products, the use of plant protection products and for pesticide residues in food. In order to ensure a high level of consumer protection, legal limits, so called “maximum residue levels” or briefly “MRLs”, are established in Regulation (EC) No 396/2005. EU-harmonised MRLs are set for all pesticides covering all types of food products. A default MRL of 0.01 mg/kg is applicable for pesticides not explicitly mentioned in the MRL legislation. Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 imposes on Member States the obligation to carry out controls to ensure that food placed on the market is compliant with the legal limits. The chemical monitoring data collected and published by EFSA include the analytical results provided by EU Member States, Iceland, Norway and three pre-accession countries: Bosnia-Herzegovina, Montenegro and North Macedonia. </p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>free of quantifiable residues</strong> if the analytes were not present in concentrations at or above the limit of quantification (LOQ). The LOQ is the smallest concentration of an analyte that can be quantified with the analytical method used to analyse the sample. It is commonly defined as the minimum concentration of the analyte in the test sample that can be determined with acceptable precision and accuracy.</p> <p>If a sample <strong>contains quantifiable residues</strong> but within the legally permitted limit (maximum residue level, MRL), it is described as a sample with quantified residue levels within the legal limits (below or at the MRL)</p> <p>A sample is considered <strong>non-compliant</strong> with the legal limit (MRL), if the measured residue concentrations clearly exceed the legal limits, taking into account the measurement uncertainty. It is current practice that the uncertainty of the analytical measurement is taken into account before legal or administrative sanctions are imposed on food business operators for infringement of the MRL legislation.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>REPORTING AUTHORITIES CONTRIBUTING TO EACH DATA COLLECTION:</strong></p> <p>MOPER_2023 - Food and Veterinary Agency</p> <p>MOPER_2022 - Food and Veterinary Agency</p> <p>MOPER_2021 - Food and Veterinary Agency</p> <p>MOPER_2020 - Food and Veterinary Agency</p> <p>MOPER_2019 - Food and Veterinary Agency</p> <p>MOPER_2018 - Food and Veterinary Agency</p> <p>MOPER_2017 - Food and Veterinary Agency</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>We are seeking feedback on our open data please complete the survey at the link below:<br>https://ec.europa.eu/eusurvey/runner/9344dfa0-f384-cb72-65f6-6c187a6d0f14</strong></p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.