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173 results for “plant organs”
Рис. 1. КоΛичество макрокониΑий грибов роΑа Fusarium (% от общего чисΛа эΛементов морфоΛогии) на органах и в физиоΛогических жиΑкостях картофеΛьной коровки Fig. 1. Number of macroconidia of fungus species from the genus Fusarium (% of the total number of morphological elements) on organs and in physiological fluids of the potato ladybird beetle in On the vector characteristics of the potato ladybird beetle Henosepilachna Vigintioctomaculata (Motsch.) (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) in the system "phytophagous insect - plant pathogen - plant"
Рис. 1. КоΛичество макрокониΑий грибов роΑа Fusarium (% от общего чисΛа эΛементов морфоΛогии) на органах и в физиоΛогических жиΑкостях картофеΛьной коровки Fig. 1. Number of macroconidia of fungus species from the genus Fusarium (% of the total number of morphological elements) on organs and in physiological fluids of the potato ladybird beetle
Grapevine Dataset for plant organ segmentation
<p><br>This is a dataset for Grapevine segmentation for the purposes of winter pruning, created in a joint work between Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia and Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, as part of the Vinum project. The work was also cofounded by Italian Ministry of University and Research PRIN 20172HHNK5 Project, under the supervision of Matteo Gatti, Claudio Semini and Darwin Caldwell.</p> <p>The images were captured in the simulated grapevine garden in Università Cattolica, located in Piacenza, Italy, and it is split in two parts, following agronomic trials being run on the university. The first part is a group of seven specimen that is the Control group, and the second group of eight specimens is being performed shoot thinning.</p> <p>Each plant has around 5 spurs, and the photos are taken from both sides of the grapevine specimen, meaning that there is one picture where the plant grows from left to right, and the other side where the plant grows from right to left. The resolution of the images is 4608x3456, and we have a total of 149 images. </p> <p> </p> <p>It is annotated using the COCO Segmentation format, and some of the statistics of the dataset such as the number of annotations and number of images can be seen next.</p> <p><strong>Control Complex</strong></p> <ul> <li>Total <ul> <li>Images: 69</li> <li>Annotated Images: 69</li> <li>Annotations: 1838</li> <li>Categories: 5</li> </ul> </li> <li>Annotations Per Category <ul> <li>Main Cordon: 79</li> <li>Cane: 440</li> <li>Node: 1100</li> <li>Arm: 103</li> <li>Spur: 116</li> </ul> </li> <li>Annotated Images Per Category <ul> <li>Main Cordon: 69</li> <li>Cane: 69</li> <li>Node: 69</li> <li>Arm: 62</li> <li>Spur: 68</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p><strong>Shoot Thining Simple</strong></p> <ul> <li>Total <ul> <li>Images: 79</li> <li>Annotated Images: 79</li> <li>Annotations: 1635</li> <li>Categories: 5</li> </ul> </li> <li>Annotations Per Category <ul> <li>Main Cordon: 84</li> <li>Cane: 341</li> <li>Node: 912</li> <li>Arm: 154</li> <li>Spur: 144</li> </ul> </li> <li>Annotated Images Per Category <ul> <li>Main Cordon: 79</li> <li>Cane: 79</li> <li>Node: 79</li> <li>Arm: 79</li> <li>Spur: 77</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p> </p>
Data from: Speciation in Nearctic oak gall wasps is frequently correlated with changes in host plant, host organ, or both
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Impacts of an omnivorous ungulate on plant communities and soil organic carbon
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Data for: Sedimentary ancient DNA and pollen reveal the composition of plant organic matter in Late Quaternary permafrost sediments of the Buor Khaya Peninsula (north-eastern Siberia)
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Plant and soil organic matter responses to ten years of nutrient enrichment in the Nutrient Network:Nutrient Network. A cross-site investigation of bottom-up control over herbaceous plant community dynamics and ecosystem function
This experiment is one implementation of a globally distributed experiment, known as the Nutrient Network. At Cedar Creek, as in over 70 other sites in grasslands around the world, the experiment aims to describe impacts of increased nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and other metals) and decreased herbivory (removal of mammals by fencing). Two overarching questions are being explored with these manipulations: 1. To what extent are plant production and diversity co-limited by multiple nutrients in herbaceous-dominated communities? 2. Under what conditions do grazers or fertilization control plant biomass, diversity, and composition? By utilizing identical protocols at diverse grassland sites around the world, NutNet aims to uncover both the generalities in ecosystem functioning, and the contingencies or differences which can obscure those common mechanisms. In addition to the standard NutNet protocol, e247 includes an additional low Nitrogen gradient (1 gram Nitrogen per meter squared per year and 5 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year in addition to the standard 10 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year).
Data for article Pesticide seed dressings can affect the activity of various soil organisms and reduce decomposition rate of plant material, BMC Ecology
<p>Raw data for article "Pesticide seed dressings can affect the activity of various soil organisms and reduce decomposition rate of plant material" published in BMC Ecology</p>
Data from: A trait‒environment relationship approach to participatory plant breeding for organic agriculture
<p>The extent of intraspecific variation in trait‒environment relationships is an open question with limited empirical support in crops. In organic agriculture, with high environmental heterogeneity, this knowledge could guide breeding programs to optimize crop attributes. We propose a three-dimensional framework involving crop performance, crop traits, and environmental axes to uncover the multidimensionality of trait‒environment relationships within a crop. </p> <p>We modeled instantaneous photosynthesis (<em>A</em><sub>sat</sub>) and water-use efficiency (WUE) as functions of four phenotypic traits, three soil variables, five carrot (<em>D. carota</em>) varieties, and their interactions in a national participatory plant breeding program involving a suite of farms across Canada. We used these interactions to describe the resulting 12 trait‒environment relationships across varieties. </p> <p>We found one significant trait‒environment relationship for <em>A</em><sub>sat</sub> (taproot tissue density‒soil phosphorus), which was consistent across varieties. For WUE, we found that three relationships (petiole diameter‒soil nitrogen, petiole diameter‒soil phosphorus, and leaf area‒soil phosphorus) varied significantly across varieties. As a result, WUE was maximized by different combinations of trait values and soil conditions depending on the variety. </p> <p>Our three-dimensional framework supports the identification of functional traits behind the differential responses of crop varieties to environmental variation and thus guides breeding programs to optimize crop attributes from an eco-evolutionary perspective. </p>
Robustness of organ morphology is associated with modules of co-expressed genes related to plant cell wall
<p>Reproducibility in organ size and shape is a fundamental trait of living organisms. The mechanisms underlying such robustness remain, however, to be elucidated. In the manuscript <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.04.26.489498v1"><strong>"Robustness of organ morphology is associated with modules of co-expressed genes related to plant cell wall", </strong>doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.04.26.489498</a>, we took the sepal of Arabidopsis as a model, and we investigated whether variability of gene expression plays a role in variation of organ morphology.</p> <p>To address this question, we produced a dataset composed of both transcriptomic and morphological information obtained from 27 individual sepals from wild-type plants.</p> <p>This repository contains the raw confocal image of 30 sepals used as starting point for the analysis, as well as their extracted contours as binary images. These images were used to recover the 3D shape of the sepals.</p> <p>The 30 abaxial sepals were collected at early stage 11, from three different Col-0 wild-type plants, labeled D, E and F, grown simultaneously in experimentally controlled standard conditions. Each sepal was imaged under a confocal microscope using autofluorescence. Immediately following imaging, the sepal was frozen in liquid nitrogen for RNA extraction, on which an RNA-seq analysis was performed.</p> <p><strong>Related informations :</strong></p> <ul> <li>The repository of the numerical tools used for 3D shape extraction as well as the results of geometrical measurements is <a href="http://forge.cbp.ens-lyon.fr/redmine/projects/florivar">here</a>.</li> <li>The repository of RNA-Seq analysis results of these same sepals is here.</li> <li>And the analysis tools used to relate geometrical measurements to RNA-seq data are here.</li> </ul>
Neighbor-detection causes shifts in allocation across multiple organs to prepare plants for light competition
<p>To maximize their fitness, plants have to adjust their allocation strategy according to their abiotic and biotic environments. Plants can use the ratio of red to far-red light (R:FR) to sense neighbors, allowing them to modify their growth in response to aboveground competition.</p> <p>In this study, we used supplemental FR light to artificially lower the R:FR of the lower leaves of common sunflowers (Helianthus annuus) to examine how plants change their growth in response to the threat of neighbors. We combined this treatment with a nitrogen fertilization treatment to investigate how responses to neighbor-detection interact with nitrogen limitation.</p> <p>Plants grown in low R:FR increased in height at the expense of root growth, resulting in nitrogen limitation that restricted leaf growth. However, we found that plants reduced their nitrogen investment into leaves in low R:FR. By weakening the nitrogen sink strength of these lower leaves before they experienced low photosynthetically active radiation, plants were able to preemptively allocate nitrogen to leaves higher in the canopy.</p> <p>Plants responded to the perception of neighbors by simultaneously diverting resources from root growth to stem elongation and from leaves threatened by neighbors to leaves that would pose a threat to neighbors. This whole-plant response to neighbor-detection enables plants to change their allocation in a way that simultaneously manages their limited nitrogen and prepares them for future light competition.</p>
Biogenic secondary organic aerosol participates in plant interactions and herbivory defense
<p>Biogenic secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) can be formed from the oxidation of plant volatiles in the atmosphere. Herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) can elicit plant defenses, but whether such ecological functions persist after they form SOAs was previously unknown. Here we show that Scots pine seedlings damaged by large pine weevils feeding on their roots release HIPVs that trigger defenses in neighboring conspecific plants. Interestingly, the biological activity persisted after HIPVs had been oxidized to form SOAs, which was indicated by receivers displaying enhanced photosynthesis, primed volatile defenses, and reduced weevil damage. The elemental composition and quantity of SOAs likely determines their biological functions. This work demonstrates that plant-derived SOAs can mediate interactions between plants, highlighting its ecological significance in ecosystems.</p>
Patterns and determinants of plant-derived lignin phenols in coastal wetlands: implications for organic C accumulation
<p>1. As a major plant-derived soil organic carbon (SOC) component, lignin phenols are unique biomarkers that reflect biogeochemical characteristics under different vegetation compositions and climatic zones in coastal wetlands. However, the latitudinal patterns of plant-derived lignin phenols to SOC and their link with the stability and controlling mechanisms remain poorly understood.</p> <p>2. A total of 156 soil samples from 39 sites along a 5000 km coastal transect, were taken to explore the effects of biological and environmental controls on the patterns of lignin phenols. Lignin phenols had contents ranging from 1.91 to 83.3 mg g−1 OC, and a positive correlation was detected in grass-dominated salt marsh, but a weakly negative correlation in mangrove. Positive correlations between SOC or lignin content and C/V or S/V (the cinnamyl- or syringyl-to-vanillyl) ratios were found, while overall negative correlations between SOC or lignin content and (Ad/Al)V or (Ad/Al)S (the acid-to-aldehyde of vanillyl or syringyl units) ratios were detected, respectively, which confirmed the validity of these lignin biomarker degradation parameters.</p> <p>3. Our findings revealed that plant C inputs and monomer ratios directly influenced the capacity of lignin phenols in soils. Lignin content and stabilization was mainly controlled by soil properties (i.e., pH, EC, sand/clay). Mean annual temperature (MAT) influenced the patterns of lignin phenols both directly by increasing decomposition and indirectly by changing the vegetation and soil biogeochemistry (i.e., microbial substrate availability).</p> <p>4. Coastal wetlands are characterized by high primary productivity and C burial rate, yet plant-derived lignin phenols are not as much as we thought compared to microbial residues C. Precise identification and quantification of the origin, decomposition, and determinants of lignin phenols help us understand their contribution to C sequestration and its response to climate and environmental changes.</p>
Data from: Pollinators and plants as ecosystem engineers: post-dispersal fruits provide new habitats for other organisms
<p><span>Ecosystem engineering consists of</span><span> </span><span>a ubiquitous and fundamental class of interactions where some organisms promote state changes in biotic and abiotic materials which indirectly affect others. Since the concept was created as a counterpoint to traditional flux-based models, pollinators have never been considered to promote ecosystem engineering because they modulate the supply of resources used by seed/fruit consumers. However, dry fruits may persist in the environment for long periods after seed dispersion as empty structures that are an additional alternative for occupancy. These increase the realized niche of some organisms, being a clear example of biogenic habitats. Here, we demonstrate how pollination may boost ecosystem engineering using an illustrative case study based on a specialized interaction between a bee and an orchid with characteristic capsular fruits. We demonstrate that the orchid is fully dependent on the pollinator to set fruits. Post-dispersal fruits are voluminous and remain attached to the plant for several years. By investigating the occupation patterns of arthropods, we show that post-dispersal fruits are</span><span> </span><span>highly suitable for occupants when compared to pre-dispersal and dispersing fruits. Only 13.3% of post-dispersal fruits were never occupied, 33.3% had organisms inside and </span><span>53.3</span><span>% showed</span><span> </span><span>signs of previous occupation. We propose that pollinators are allogenic engineers and plants autogenic, since they promote state changes through their actions and their</span><span> </span><span>own physical structure, respectively. Thus, pollination is a case of cooperative ecosystem engineering whereby the effects of the interaction between two or more species expand habitat suitability. Since most plants rely on pollination to set fruits, we suggest that pollination-mediated engineering constitutes a widespread phenomenon. This offers a new perspective about the effects of pollination in nature, highlighting the importance of pollinators and opening new avenues of investigation of ecosystem dynamics and biodiversity maintenance.</span></p>
Data from: Soybean yield is positively linked to organic matter, but planting date remains more influential
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Tree mycorrhizal associations regulate relationships between plant and microbial communities and soil organic carbon stocks at local scales in a temperate forest
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Neighbor-detection causes shifts in allocation across multiple organs to prepare plants for light competition
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Data from: Sensitivity to agricultural inputs and dispersal limitation determine the response of arable plants to time since transition to organic farming
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Influence of sex-organ positions on pollen transfer and self-interference in plants with stylar polymorphisms: An experimental approach using three-dimensional printed flowers
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Biogenic secondary organic aerosol participates in plant interactions and herbivory defense
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Patterns and determinants of plant-derived lignin phenols in coastal wetlands: implications for organic C accumulation
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.