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182 results for “planted experiment”
SEV-LTER quadrat plant species cover and height all sites and experiments
This dataset includes plant species cover and height data measured in 1 m x 1 m quadrats at several sites and experiments under the Sevilleta LTER program. Quadrat locations span four distinct ecosystems and their ecotones: creosotebush dominated Chihuahuan Desert shrubland (est. winter 1999), black grama-dominated Chihuahuan Desert grassland (est. winter 1999), blue grama-dominated Plains grassland (est. winter 2002), and pinon-juniper woodland (est. winter 2003). Data on plant cover and height for each plant species are collected per individual plant or patch (for clonal plants) within 1 m x 1 m quadrats. These data inform population dynamics of foundational and rare plant species. In addition, using plant allometries, these non-destructive measurements of plant cover and height can be used to calculate net primary production (NPP), a fundamental ecosystem variable that quantifies rates of carbon consumption and fixation. Estimates of plant species cover, total plant biomass, or NPP can inform understanding of biodiversity, species composition, and energy flow at the community scale of biological organization, as well as spatial and temporal responses of plants to a range of ecological processes and direct experimental manipulations. The cover and height of individual plants or patches are sampled twice yearly (spring and fall) in permanent 1m x 1m plots within each site or experiment. This dataset includes core site monitoring data (CORE, GRIDS, ISOWEB, TOWER), observations in response to wildfire (BURN), and experimental treatments of extreme drought and delayed monsoon rainfall (EDGE), physical disturbance to biological soil crusts on the soil surface (CRUST), interannual variability in precipitation (MEANVAR), intra-annual variability via additions of monsoon rainfall (MRME), additions of nitrogen as ammonium nitrate (FERTILIZER), additions of nitrogen x phosphorus x potassium (NutNet), and interacting effects of nighttime warming, nitrogen addition, and El Ni
SEV-LTER quadrat plant species biomass all sites and experiments
This dataset includes estimated plant aboveground live biomass data measured in 1 m x 1 m quadrats at several sites and experiments under the Sevilleta LTER program. Quadrat locations span four distinct ecosystems and their ecotones: creosotebush dominated Chihuahuan Desert shrubland (est. winter 1999), black grama-dominated Chihuahuan Desert grassland (est. winter 1999), blue grama-dominated Plains grassland (est. winter 2002), and pinon-juniper woodland (est. winter 2003). Data on plant cover and height for each plant species are collected per individual plant or patch (for clonal plants) within 1 m x 1 m quadrats. These data inform population dynamics of foundational and rare plant species. Biomass is estimated using plant allometries from non-destructive measurements of plant cover and height, and can be used to calculate net primary production (NPP), a fundamental ecosystem variable that quantifies rates of carbon consumption and fixation. Estimates of plant species cover, total plant biomass, or NPP can inform understanding of biodiversity, species composition, and energy flow at the community scale of biological organization, as well as spatial and temporal responses of plants to a range of ecological processes and direct experimental manipulations. The cover and height of individual plants or patches are sampled twice yearly (spring and fall) in permanent 1m x 1m plots within each site or experiment. This dataset includes core site monitoring data (CORE, GRIDS, ISOWEB, TOWER), observations in response to wildfire (BURN), and experimental treatments of extreme drought and delayed monsoon rainfall (EDGE), physical disturbance to biological soil crusts on the soil surface (CRUST), interannual variability in precipitation (MEANVAR), intra-annual variability via additions of monsoon rainfall (MRME), additions of nitrogen as ammonium nitrate (FERTILIZER), additions of nitrogen x phosphorus x potassium (NutNet), and interacting effects of nighttime warming, nitroge
Pot experiment on fresh and brackish marsh plants responses to salinity pulses in summer 2013
We collected 35 individuals of three freshwater species (Zizaniopsis miliacea, Pontederia cordata, Polygonum hydropiperoides) and brackish species (Juncus roemerianus, Schoenoplectus americanus, and Spartina cynosuroides) from the tidal marshes of the Altamaha River estuary, Georgia, USA (31.4° N, 81.4° W). Plants were collected on March 9 - March 11, 2013, and were potted individually in 12 L pots in sediments collected from the same location as plants. Individual potted plants were placed inside dish pans with drain holes at mid-pot height. For salinity treatments, plants were watered once a day with saline water (5 psu: practical salinity units, created using Instant Ocean Sea Salt, Aquarium System Inc., Mentor, OH, USA) for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, or 31 days per month, and then returned to freshwater. For the control treatment, plants were watered with freshwater daily. Treatments were ran from May 26 to August 28, 2013, and stem height of each plant was measured once a month. The experiment was harvested on August 28, 2013. Individual plants were separated into aboveground and belowground biomass, washed to remove soil, and dried at 60 °C to constant mass.
PBG03 Disk pasture meter measurements to estimate plant standing biomass in the Patch-Burn Grazing experiment at Konza Prairie
"PBG" datasets are associated with a long-term, large-scale study that is addressing the effects of fire-grazing interactions in the context of a Patch-Burn Grazing management system designed to promote grassland heterogeneity. Effects of patch-burn grazing management on plant and animal diversity and the nature and variety of wildlife habitat are being assessed in two replicate management units, each consisting of three pastures (watersheds) designated C03A/C03B/C03C and C3SA/C3SB/C3SC. In each patch-burn grazing unit, one watershed is burned and two that are left unburned in a given year. The burning treatments are rotated annually so that each pasture is burned every third year. Each patch-burn grazing unit is paired with an annually-burned pasture for comparison with traditional grazing systems (C01A and C1SB). All grazing units are stocked with cow/calf pairs from approximately 1 May until 1 Oct at a stocking density equal to 3.2 ha per cow/calf. To examine the impact of patch burning and grazing in all 8 units, we monitor changes in plant species composition, residual biomass, grassland bird populations, insect populations, small mammal populations, soil nutrients, and stream water quality1 (1C3SA/C3SB/C3SC unit only). The KSU Department of Animal Science monitors cattle performance, including weight gain and body condition to assess the economic feasibility of using patch-burn management on a widespread basis. This dataset includes both the annual calibration data for the disk pasture meter measurements (PBG031) and the actual disk pasture meter measurements in the PBG experiment (PBG032). Measurements were taken at a total of 64 transects (8 watersheds x 4 sites per watershed x 2 pasture meter transects per site). Each cattle-grazed watershed (designated as of May 2011 C3A, C3B, C3C, and C1A) and the four Shane cattle-grazed watersheds (C1B, C3SA, C3SB, and C3SC) includes 4 plant composition sampling transects (A-D). Pasture meter measurements were taken alo
BGPVC Plant species composition in the Belowground Plot Experiment at Konza Prairie
Two permanent plant composition plots were marked with conduit in each of the 64 plots. Canopy cover was recorded in a 5 m2circular area surrounding each of the plots. At approximately 5-year intervals, coverage is assessed in late July, using visual estimates of cover by species, based on a modified Daubenmire scale. In 1989, sampling was done once in early July after mowing using one 10 m2 plot placed randomly in the approximate center of each plot. In 1994, plant composition sampling was done in early June in the unmowed plots; sampling in the mowed plots occurred in August. In 1999, two permanent conduits were placed in each plot, and sampling was conducted in June, before mowing, and again in August using 5 m2 plot sizes. In 2005 and afterward, sampling was reduced to one time in late July. Sampling occurred once every five years until 2015. Plots have been sampled annually since 2016. Two of the long-term unburned plots in a wildfire in 1994 and 1995. Those plots and years of the fire are indicated on the linked plot map. The mowing treatment was discontinued after 2002 due to invasion of the mowed plots by old world bluestem grasses. Data users should check for exotic species impacts on specific mowed subplots prior to this. In addition, fertilization in all plots ceased in 2017 as part of recovery from chronic N enrichment experiment.
PBB01 Belowground Plot Experiment: Aboveground net primary productivity of tallgrass prairie based on accumulated plant biomass
To address the potential interactive effects of fire, aboveground biomass removal, and nutrient amendments on above- and belowground responses, a long-term field experiment was initiated in 1986 as part of the Konza Prairie Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program. The general goals of this experiment are: 1) to document both short- and long-term responses of plants and soils to fire, aboveground biomass removal (a surrogate for grazing in these small plots), and nutrient amendments (additions of N and/or P); and 2) to provide a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying tallgrass prairie responses to fire, aboveground biomass removal and nutrient enrichment. Peak foliage biomass is measured annually in late fall (September to October) on the 64 belowground plots. Effects of burning, mowing and N + P additions on aboveground NPP are measured. Two 0.1m2 quadrats harvested per plot). 2003 was the last year the mowing treatment was implemented.
PBG01 Plant species composition in the Patch Burning-grazing Experiment at Konza Prairie
‘PBG’ datasets are associated with a long-term, large-scale study that is addressing the effects of fire-grazing interactions in the context of a Patch-Burn Grazing management system designed to promote grassland heterogeneity. Effects of patch-burn grazing management on plant and animal diversity and the nature and variety of wildlife habitat are being assessed in two replicate management units, each consisting of three pastures (watersheds) designated C03A/C03B/C03C and C3SA/C3SB/C3SC. In each patch-burn grazing unit, one watershed is burned and two that are left unburned in a given year. The burning treatments are rotated annually so that each pasture is burned every third year. Each patch-burn grazing unit is paired with an annually-burned pasture for comparison with traditional grazing systems (C01A and C1SB). All grazing units are stocked with cow/calf pairs from approximately 1 May until 1 Oct at a stocking density equal to 3.2 ha per cow/calf. To examine the impact of patch burning and grazing in all 8 units, we monitor changes in plant species composition, residual biomass, grassland bird populations, insect populations, small mammal populations, soil nutrients, and stream water quality1(1C3SA/C3SB/C3SC unit only). The KSU Department of Animal Science monitors cattle performance, including weight gain and body condition to assess the economic feasibility of using patch-burn management on a widespread basis.
PAB05 Aboveground net primary productivity of tallgrass prairie based on accumulated plant biomass on the LTER fire reversal experiment watersheds
Data set contains estimates of end-of-season standing crop biomass (grams per square meter) of live graminoids, forbs, woody plants, and previous year's dead vegetation for 2 soil types (shallow and deep) on the four Fire Reversal Experiment watersheds. This experiment is based on reversing fire treatments on four watersheds, two of which had a history of annual spring burning and two of which had a history of long-term fire suppression. The dataset includes both pre- and post-fire treatments.
Canopy Trimming Experiment (CTE) plant seedling measurements
Seedlings were measured before and after treatments to determine how alterations in canopy openness and detritus affect seedling densities and life histories (growth, mortality, recruitment). It was predicted that plots experiencing canopy openness with detritus removed would have the quickest increase in seedlings (recruitment and growth), especially of early successional (light demanding) species, such as Cecropia. Seedlings in plots that received no canopy manipulation but had detritus deposited is predicted to have near-total mortality initially (low light and high physical inhibition due to detritus). Treatment plots experiencing both canopy manipulation and addition of detritus would initially experience near-total mortality, with some light demanding seedlings establishing and growing through detritus with time. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
Canopy Trimming Experiment (CTE) plants greater than 1 centimeter diameter at breast height (DBH)
Plant diameters and growth measurements were taken both before and after treatments to determine how alterations in canopy openness and detritus affect measures of growth, mortality, and production. Both types of trimmed plots are predicted to have relatively quick evidence of re-sprouting (1-3 months; based on Hurricane Hugo studies), especially palms. Because essentially complete defoliation to the canopy took place in the trim plots, the large stems that were trimmed should experience delayed growth and higher mortality than those in non-trimmed plots. The understory vegetation, or otherwise those that were not trimmed (i.e., stems <10cm at dbh) should experience increased growth in both trim plots as a result of increased light. Some nutrient immobilization may occur in the detritus addition plots, but this is predicted to affect belowground processes most. Little influence on aboveground processes from detritus addition might occur and cause some stunted growth rates of stems. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
N and P fertilization experiment plant phenology data for South of saddle, 1993-1994
The effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, and nitrogen+phosphorus fertilization on phenology of alpine plants was examined. This was a preliminary study to determine if the phenologies of dry meadow plants were affected by nutrient amendments, and if they were, which species responded most to the treatments. Times of emergence, senescence, and other key vegetative and reproductive "events" were recorded.
N fertilization and recovery experiment (2-4-6) plant species composition data for East of Tvan from 1997 to 2017, yearly
The realization that anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition is causing significant environmental change in many ecosystems has led to lower emissions of reactive N and deposition rates in many regions. However, the impacts of N deposition on terrestrial ecosystems can be long-lasting, with significant inertia in the return of the biota and biogeochemical processes to baseline levels. To better understand patterns of recovery and the factors that may contribute to slow or no responses following declines in N deposition, we followed plant species composition, microbial abundance, N cycling rates, soil pH, and pools of NO3- and extractable cations in an impacted alpine ecosystem following cessation of 12-year experiment increasing N deposition rates by 0, 20, 40, and 60 kg N/ha/yr. Simulated N deposition had resulted in a tripling in the cover of the nitrophilic species Carex rupestris, while the dominant sedge Kobresia myosuroides had decreased by more than half at the highest N input level. In addition nitrification rates were elevated, soil extractable magnesium (Mg2+) and pH decreased, and aluminum (Al3+) and manganese (Mn2+) were elevated at the highest N treatment inputs. Over the nine years following cessation of N additions to the impacted plots only the cover of the nitrophilic C. rupestris showed any recovery to prior levels. Abundances of both bacteria and fungi were lower with N addition in both treatment and recovery plots. Rates of nitrification and pools of NO3- remained elevated in the recovery plots, likely contributing to the lack of biotic response to the cessation of N inputs. In addition, nutrient base cations (Ca2+ and Mg2+) and soil pH remained depressed, and the toxic metal cations (Al3+ and Mn2+) remained elevated in recovery plots, also potentially influencing biotic recovery. These results emphasize the importance of considering long-term environmental impacts of N deposition associated with legacy effects, such as elevated N cycling and losse
SEV-LTER Mean - Variance Experiment Quadrat Plant Species Cover and Height
We designed novel field experimental infrastructure to resolve the relative importance of changes in the climate mean and variance in regulating the structure and function of dryland populations, communities, and ecosystem processes. The Mean - Variance Climate Experiment (MVE) adds three novel elements to prior designs that have manipulated interannual variance in climate in the field (Gherardi & Sala, 2013) by (i) determining interactive effects of mean and variance with a factorial design that crosses reduced mean with increased variance, (ii) studying multiple dryland biomes to compare their susceptibility to transition under interactive climate drivers, and (iii) adding stochasticity to our treatments to permit the antecedent effects that occur under natural climate variability. This new infrastructure enables direct experimental tests of the hypothesis that interactions between the mean and variance of precipitation will have larger ecological impacts than either the mean or variance in precipitation alone. This dataset includes plant species cover and height data measured in 1 m x 1 m quadrats at all Mean - Variance experiment sites. Quadrat locations span five important ecosystems of the American southwest: blue grama-dominated Plains grassland (est. fall 2019), black grama-dominated Chihuahuan Desert grassland (est. fall 2020), creosotebush dominated Chihuahuan Desert shrubland (est. fall 2021), juniper savanna (est. fall 2022) and pinon-juniper woodland (est. fall 2023). Data on plant cover and height for each plant species are collected per individual plant or patch (for clonal plants) within 1 m x 1 m quadrats. These data inform population dynamics of foundational and rare plant species. The cover and height of individual plants or patches are sampled twice yearly (spring and fall) in permanent 1m x 1m plots within each site or experiment. This data package includes plant cover and height only -- for species biomass estimates per quad see package knb-lte
Decomposition of Microstegium vimineum litter, plants grew through the Big Oaks National Wildlife Refuge in 2019. Litter used in this experiment naturally senesced in the fall 2019, decomposition data collected through 2020. Plants were infected or not-infected with the foliar fungal pathogen Bipolaris gigantea during the 2019 growing season.
Decomposition of plant litter, facilitated primarily by microbial decomposers, plays a critical role in biogeochemical cycling and ecosystem function. Emerging pathogens have the potential to impact litter decomposition by altering the chemical composition and associated microbial community of host tissue. Here, we compared litter decomposition of the invasive grass Microstegium vimineum collected from sites with Bipolaris leaf spot symptoms and sites with no apparent disease symptoms in a common garden experiment. Our results revealed that leaf tissue from litter from non-infected sites decomposed more rapidly through the spring than litter from infected sites. Differences in fungal composition between infected and non-infected litter at the start of the experiment largely persisted through the summer. Our work demonstrates that pathogen colonization may facilitate the persistence of infected host litter, potentially slowing the return of nutrients to the environmental pool while also promoting the survival and dispersal of primary inoculum the following season.
Percent plant cover, Warming and Removal in Mountains (WaRM) experiment, Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, 2013-2022
These data were collected from 2013 to 2022 near the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory in Colorado. They are from a climate change experiment that manipulated temperature using open-top chambers to passively warm the air and plant community composition by removing the dominant species in a factorial design at two elevations. We measured the total percent cover of all the plots during the peak season each year, and in 2022, we also measured the total percent cover and species diversity every week. From 2022, air temperature, soil temperature, and soil moisture are also included.
Data associated with a study on freshwater phenanthrene removal by three emergent wetland plants conducted in a microcosm experiment at the IISD Experimental Lakes Area, ON, Canada, in 2022.
The following package includes data from a study that evaluated the efficacy of three common wetland plants, Typha sp. (cattail), Carex utriculata (sedge a), and C. lasiocarpa (sedge b) in enhancing removal of phenanthrene (1 mg/L) from freshwater in a microcosm experiment conducted at the IISD Experimental Lakes Area, northwestern Ontario, Canada, in 2022. Over 21 days, microcosms were monitored for phenanthrene chemistry, basic water quality, plant growth metrics (height and final biomass), and root biofilm oxygen consumption (respirometry) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Data included in this package was first collected and used in the paper by Stanley et al., titled Freshwater Phenanthrene Removal by three Emergent Wetland Plants.
UCSB SONGS Mitigation Monitoring: Wetland Process Study - Irrigation, Decompaction, Amendment, Planting and Seeding Experiment Vegetation Cover
These data describe estimates of the percent cover of marsh plants in experimental plots designed to evaluate the effectiveness of various soil treatments on increasing vegetation cover at the San Dieguito Wetlands (Del Mar, California). Plots established between 1.61 – 2.1 m MLLW were manipulated to test the effects of irrigation, decompaction, soil amendments, and planting versus seeding, whereas plots between 1.6 – 1.7 m MLLW tested the effects of planting versus seeding alone. Data collection was conducted from 2020 to 2022. During each survey, species of marsh plants were identified and recorded under 98 uniformly spaced points within 4.5 m2 quadrats in each plot.
UCSB SONGS Mitigation Monitoring: Wetland Process Study - Irrigation, Decompaction, Amendment, Planting and Seeding Experiment Plant Size
These data describe estimates of the condition and size of three species of salt marsh plants (Arthrocnemum subterminale, Frankenia salina, and Salicornia virginica) planted in experimental plots designed to evaluate the effectiveness of various soil treatments on increasing vegetation cover at the San Dieguito Wetlands (Del Mar, California). Plots established between 1.61 – 2.1 m MLLW were manipulated to test the effects of irrigation, decompaction, soil amendments, and planting versus seeding, whereas plots between 1.6 – 1.7 m MLLW tested the effects of planting versus seeding alone. Data collection was conducted from 2020 to 2022. During each survey, the length of the longest axis and maximum perpendicular width of each planted individual was measured.
Early snowmelt and warming experiments to study plant phenology
Phenology - the timing of life events - determines how a species’ life cycle aligns with the abiotic and biotic environment, however, climate change has altered the environmental cues organisms use to track climate leading to shifts in phenology. In high latitude environments, phenological shifts in plants are associated with both temperature and the timing of snowmelt, but the mechanism underlying the effect of snowmelt on phenology remains unclear. Here we aim to disentangle the effects of experimental warming and earlier snowmelt on the phenology of three long lived perennial wildflowers. In the summer of 2019, we factorially crossed passive warming with early snowmelt timing within a subalpine plant community in the Colorado Rocky Mountains at the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory to understand the individual effects of these aspects of climate change.
Does land-use history facilitate non-native plant invasion? A field experiment with Celastrus orbiculatus in the Bent Creek Experimental Forest in the southern Appalachians from 2008 to 2009
Although historic land use is often implicated in non-native plant invasion of forests, little is known about how land-use legacies might actually facilitate invasion. The researchers conducted a 2-year field seeding experiment in western North Carolina, USA, to compare germination and first-year seedling survival of Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb. in stands that had been cultivated and abandoned a century earlier and were dominated by tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.), and in paired stands that had never been cultivated and were dominated by oaks (Quercus spp.). Experiments were conducted at five sites with paired tulip poplar and oak stands by varying litter mass (none, low, or high) and litter type (tulip poplar or oak).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.