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159 results for “pollination interactions”
Data from: Off-target drift of the herbicide dicamba disrupts plant-pollinator interactions via novel pathways
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Data and R code from: Pollination interactions reveal direct costs and indirect benefits of plant–plant facilitation for ecosystem engineers
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Effects of different types of low-intensity management on plant-pollinator interactions in Estonian grasslands
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Data from: Floral organs act as environmental filters and interact with pollinators to structure the yellow monkeyflower (Mimulus guttatus) floral microbiome
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Stable species and interactions in plant-pollinator networks deviate from core position in fragmented habitats
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Data from: Climatic conditions and landscape diversity predict plant-bee interactions and pollen deposition in bee-pollinated plants.
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Interactions outside local patches contribute to the compound topology of plant-pollinator networks in fragmented dune slacks
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Data from: Integrating effects of neighbor interactions for pollination
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Shifts in water availability mediate plant-pollinator interactions
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Temporal variation in plant-pollinator interactions, Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, CO, USA, 2013 - 2015
These datafiles contain the plant-pollinator interaction data collected by Paul CaraDonna et al. at the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory in Gothic, CO, USA during the 2013, 2014 and 2015 growing season. These data were collected to investigate temporal variation in plant-pollinator interactions; specifically, these data were collected in a manner to allow for the construction of weekly plant-pollinator interaction networks in order to investigate fine scale temporal variation in plant-pollinator interactions. The data represent extensive community-wide field observations of animal pollinators visiting flowering plants in a subalpine ecosystem for the majority of the summer growing season (May–September).
Data from: Plant-pollinator interactions along an urbanization gradient from cities and villages to farmland landscapes
<p>Urbanization affects pollinator diversity and plant-pollinator networks by changing resource availability locally and in the surrounding landscape. We experimentally established (N = 12) standardized plant communities in farmland, villages and cities to identify the relative role of local and landscape effects on plant-pollinator communities along this urbanization gradient. We found that the number of flower visits by solitary bees, but not bumblebees, were highest in cities and lowest in farmland, with villages being intermediate, whereas syrphid flies exhibited lowest numbers in cities. Villages supported the richest pollinator communities, as they appeared to benefit from both farmland and city communities. Plant-pollinator network metrics such as robustness, interaction evenness and interaction diversity decreased with increasing urbanization, although local plant richness increased towards urban areas. In conclusion, pollinator communities were most diverse and stable in farmland and village sites, despite the high plant richness in cities. The different composition of pollinator communities along the urbanization gradient suggests considering all three landscape types for conservation schemes.</p>
Data from: Trait matching and phenological overlap increase the spatio-temporal stability and functionality of plant-pollinator interactions
<p>Morphology and phenology influence plant-pollinator network structure, but whether they generate more stable pairwise interactions with higher pollination success is unknown. Here we evaluate the importance of morphological trait matching, phenological overlap and specialisation for the spatio-temporal stability (measured as variability) of plant-pollinator interactions and for pollination success, while controlling for species abundance. To this end, we combined a six-year plant-pollinator interaction dataset, with information on species traits, phenologies, specialisation, abundance and pollination success, into structural equation models. Interactions among abundant plants and pollinators with well-matched traits and phenologies formed the stable and functional backbone of the pollination network, whereas poorly-matched interactions were variable in time and had lower pollination success. We conclude that phenological overlap could be more useful for predicting changes in species interactions than species abundances, and that non-random extinction of species with well-matched traits could decrease the stability of interactions within communities and reduce their functioning.</p>
Data from: Interaction rewiring and the rapid turnover of plant-pollinator networks
Whether species interactions are static or change over time has wide-reaching ecological and evolutionary consequences. However, species interaction networks are typically constructed from temporally aggregated interaction data, thereby implicitly assuming that interactions are fixed. This approach has advanced our understanding of communities, but it obscures the timescale at which interactions form (or dissolve) and the drivers and consequences of such dynamics. We address this knowledge gap by quantifying the within-season turnover of plant–pollinator interactions from weekly censuses across 3 years in a subalpine ecosystem. Week-to-week turnover of interactions (1) was high, (2) followed a consistent seasonal progression in all years of study and (3) was dominated by interaction rewiring (the reassembly of interactions among species). Simulation models revealed that species' phenologies and relative abundances constrained both total interaction turnover and rewiring. Our findings reveal the diversity of species interactions that may be missed when the temporal dynamics of networks are ignored.
Plant-pollinator interactions in Mediterranean semiarid ecosystems
<p>Pollinators are fundamental for plant reproduction in natural and agricultural ecosystems. However, their populations are declining worldwide, threatening the functioning of the ecosystem service they provide. The factors driving this change are manifold, but land use changes and interspecific transmission of pathogens between managed and wild bees are prominent. In this context, most research efforts have focused on specific taxa and rarely at the community level, limiting our ability to fully understand the effects of global change on the functioning of plant-pollinator interactions in ecosystems.</p> <p>Here, we investigate the impact of human activities (beekeeping and land use intensity) on the spread of an emergent pathogen (<em>Vairimorpha ceranae</em>) in Mediterranean wild bee communities inhabiting landscapes with varying levels of anthropogenic disturbance. Plant-pollinator interactions were sampled in nine one-hectare plots along a gradient of land use (urban structures, croplands and natural vegetation) and beekeeping intensity. We analised the impact of human disturbances on pollination networks and pathogen prevalence and applied a network approach to examine whether total effects of species in networks (i.e. direct plus indirect interactions) explain pathogen spread through bee communities.</p> <p>We found that <em>V. ceranae </em>prevalence in honey bees is not a good predictor of the pathogen spread through bee communities. There seems to be a temporal mismatch between pathogen dynamics in managed and wild bees. Networks with more diversity of interactions and more plants showed less pathogen prevalence, but total effect analyses (i.e. combining direct and indirect interactions) failed to explain pathogen transmission across pollination networks. Croplands increased wild bee density, and interactions and species diversity in networks while shrublands had the opposite effect. Our results highlight the importance of studying pathogen dynamics at the community level and analysing species interaction patterns to improve our understanding of pathogen spread through communities.</p>
A review of the status of web-based African Plant-Pollinator Interaction data
<p>A protocol was developed to collect and mine data from various web-based sources such as journals, web pages, handbooks, manuals and any other source that is web accessible and has information sought. The intention was to collect as much as possible all data with plant-pollinator interaction from studies carried out in Kenya and other parts of Africa. To assure technical support and homogeinity of thoughts, the activity was carried out in a write-shop set up whereby a team of data miners were brought together for 5 days to collect the data. They were trained on the meaning of plant pollinator interactions, key words that should look for, data coverage area, specific sites that are useful and the reporting. Further, monitoring and review of the data collection was continously done, to ensure the right data was collected appropriately. Various search engines were used to collect the data. The data was then prepared in a Globi data base to enhance its use base on the FAIR data principles. The results show that little data exists in Africa on plant-pollinator interaction based on the FAIR data principles. It further shows that Africa need to adopt FAIR principles to enhance utilization of generated data by scientists and expand the benefits of such data in Africa.</p>
Sites dominated by common fiddleneck (Amsinckia menziesii var. intermedia) support diverse plant-pollinator interactions
<p>Biodiversity is declining at unprecedented rates worldwide due largely to land use change and abnormal disturbance events. The high species diversity and endemicity found in California's coastal sage scrub (CSS) are especially at risk from urban development and ongoing disturbance. However, several CSS plant species have disturbance adaptations which may allow them to serve as vital resources for insect pollinators when native plant diversity is threatened. Common fiddleneck (<em>Amsinckia menziesii var. intermedia</em>) is one of the first annual forbs to germinate in CSS and as a result, it occurs in high density patches in early spring which temporarily creates a near monoculture. Although fiddleneck is a prominent CSS plant, particularly in areas that have experienced a disturbance event, its larger ecological role is not well explored. Therefore, we monitored ten sites across a disturbance gradient for two spring seasons to assess the composition of plant-pollinator networks in fiddleneck-dominated plots. We found fiddleneck supported a diverse pollinator community with 68% of recorded taxa visiting fiddleneck. The plants most frequently visited included two native annual forbs (common fiddleneck and <em>Phacelia distans</em><em>)</em> and two invasive annual forbs (<em>Erodium cicutarium</em> and<em> </em><em>Brassica tournefortii)</em>. Plant and pollinator abundances increased with increased mean precipitation. Additionally, plant-pollinator networks changed over time; the number of links per species increased throughout the season but did not differ amongst disturbance types. Despite the numerical dominance of fiddleneck, CSS supported a diversity of pollinator taxa and exhibited complex plant-pollinator networks across the disturbance gradient.</p>
MetaComNet: A random forest-based framework for making spatial prediction of plant-pollinator interactions
<p>1. Predicting plant-pollinator interaction networks over space and time will improve our understanding of how environmental change is likely to impact the functioning of ecosystems. Here we propose a framework for producing spatially explicit predictions of the occurrence and number of pairwise plant-pollinator interactions and of the species richness, diversity, and abundance of pollinators visiting flowers. We call the framework 'MetaComNet' because it aims to link metacommunity dynamics to the assembly of ecological networks.</p> <p>2. To illustrate the MetaComNet functionality, we used a dataset on bee-flower networks sampled at 16 sites in southeast Norway along with random forest models to predict bee-flower interactions. We included variables associated with climatic conditions (elevation) and habitat availability within a 250m radius of each site. Regional commonness, site-specific distance to conspecifics, social guild, and floral preference were included as bee traits. Each plant species was assigned a score reflecting its site-specific abundance, and four scores reflecting the bee species that the plant family is known to attract. We used leave-one-out cross-validations to assess the models' ability to predict pairwise plant-bee interactions across the landscape.</p> <p>3. The relationship between observed occurrence or absence of interactions and the predicted probability of interactions was nearly proportional (GLMlogistic regression slope = 1.09), matching the data well (AUC = 0.88), and explained 30% of the variation. Predicted probability of interactions was also correlated with the number of observed pairwise interactions (r = 0.32). The sum of predicted probabilities of bee-flower interactions were positively correlated with observed species richness (r = 0.50), diversity (r = 0.48), and abundance (r = 0.42) of wild bees interacting with plant species within sites.</p> <p>4. Our findings show that the MetaComNet framework can be a useful approach for making spatially explicit predictions and mapping plant-pollinator interactions. Such predictions have the potential to identify areas where the pollination potential for wild plants is particularly high, and where conservation action should be directed to preserve this ecosystem function.</p>
Mutualism has its limits: consequences of asymmetric interactions between a well-defended plant and its herbivorous pollinator
<p>Concern for pollinator health has focused on social bees and their agricultural services, but not all pollinators are bees, and their ecosystem services also promote biodiversity and conservation. Pollinating herbivores generate ecological conflicts when they utilize the same plant as a nectar source and larval host. We tracked individual-level metrics of pollinator health – growth, survivorship, fecundity – across the life cycle of a pollinating herbivore, the hawkmoth Hyles lineata, through its interactions with Oenothera harringtonii, a rare plant polymorphic for the floral volatile (R)-(-)-linalool. Linalool had no impact on moth attraction to O. harringtonii flowers but suppressed oviposition on experimentally supplemented plants. Leaves of O. harringtonii showed robust resistance against herbivory by H. lineata from leaf-disc to wholeplant scales, through poor larval growth and survivorship. Higher larval performance on other Oenothera species indicates that constitutive herbivore resistance by O. harringtonii is not generic. Leaf volatiles differed among populations of O. harringtonii but were not induced by larval herbivory. Elagitannins and other phenolics varied among leaf, bud and seed tissues but showed no evidence of herbivore induction. Our findings highlight asymmetric plant-pollinator interactions and the importance of third parties, such as alternative host plants, in maintaining pollinator health.</p>
Climate influence on plant–pollinator interactions in the keystone species Vaccinium myrtillus
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Background: Climate change is altering the world's ecosystems through direct effects of climate warming and precipitation changes, but also indirectly through changes in biotic interactions. For instance, climate-driven changes in plant and/or insect communities may alter plant-pollinator interactions, thereby influencing plant reproductive success and ultimately population dynamics of insect-pollinated plants.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Methods: To better understand how the importance of insect pollination for plant fruit set varies with climate, we experimentally </span><span>excluded pollinators from the partly selfing key-stone species <em>Vaccinium myrtillus</em></span><span> along elevational gradients in the forest-tundra ecotone in central Norway. The study comprised three mountain areas, seven elevational gradients spanning from the climatically relatively benign birch forest to the colder alpine areas above the tree line, and 180 plots of 1 x 1 m, with experimental treatments allocated randomly to plots within sites. Within the experimental plots we counted the number of flowers of <em>V. myrtillus</em> and counted and weighted all fruits, as well as seeds for a selection of fruits.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Results: Excluding pollinators </span><span>resulted in lower fruit production, as well as reduced fruit and seed mass</span><span> of </span><em><span>Vaccinium myrtillus</span></em><span>. In the alpine sites pollinator exclusion resulted in 84 % fewer fruits, 50 % lower fruit weight and 50 % lower seed weight compared to control conditions. Contrary to our expectations, the negative effect of pollinator exclusion was less pronounced in forest compared to alpine sites, suggesting that </span><span>the importance of </span><span>insect pollination</span><span> for seed production is lower at low elevation</span><span>.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the keystone species <em>Vaccinium myrtillus</em> is relatively robust to changes in the pollinator community in a warmer climate, thereby making it less vulnerable to climate-driven changes in plant-pollinator interactions.</span></p>
Integrating nocturnal and diurnal interactions in a Neotropical pollination network
<p><span>Plants establish pollination interactions with different groups of animals, including nocturnal ones that establish interactions with economically valuable and culturally important crops, as well as wild plants of conservation concern. Despite the considerable number of studies addressing the structure and dynamic of pollination networks, nocturnal interactions have been relatively overlooked. Using a multilayer network approach and considering diurnal and nocturnal interactions, we aimed to understand how interactions at different periods of the day are integrated and contribute to the network structural pattern. We also aimed to highlight how multilayer networks may give a more nuanced assessment of species importance across layers.</span></p> <p><span>We assembled a pollination network of an intensively studied Neotropical area by standardizing interaction data from 16 previous studies into a presence/absence (binary) network. Then we used a multilayer network approach to evaluate the network modularity and plant </span><span>species'</span><span> roles in these different temporal layers. Plants were classified as nocturnal or diurnal according to the onset of floral opening and pollinators were classified according to their foraging period. </span></p> <p><span>The network consisted of 178 pollinator species and 158 plant species, with 870 links. Among plant species, 135 species have diurnal floral opening while 23 species are nocturnal. The multilayer network was significantly modular, and these modules differed in the composition of pollinator groups (e.g., hawk moths, bats, bees, hummingbirds), as well as of diurnal and nocturnal plants. We show that diurnal and nocturnal interactions are organized into interconnected modules in the multilayer network. Nocturnal plants had higher values of versatility and multidegree than diurnal plants, due to their role in connecting the two temporal layers.</span></p> <p><span><em>Synthesis</em></span><span>. Our study highlights the importance of integrating different pollination systems to understand the importance of distinct components that structure pollination networks. We also illustrate the value of tapping into existing information, </span><span>particularly species interaction data, </span><span>from well studied biodiversity hotspot areas, to gain a better understanding of how communities are structured. Finally, despite the relative scarcity of nocturnal pollination network studies, we showed nocturnal plants, which often make complementary use of diurnal pollinators, to be important in connecting the temporal layers.</span></p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.