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Fig. 3. A in What drives population-level effects of parasites? Meta-analysis meets life-history
Fig. 3. A meta-regression (random effects model) of effect size against host average lifespan using the complete dataset (n = 60). The slope of this regression is significant (p = 0.05).
Figure 4. Simulation (Monte-Carlo, n=200) results elderly patients taking a 10mg oral dose resulting in similar Cmax, maximum plasma concentration, to the young patients taking a 40mg oral dose. The dotted lines illustrate the 10th and 90th percentiles of plasma levels of the elderly population with a 10mg oral administration of propranolol.-The Brain and Propranolol Pharmacokinetics in the Elderly
<p>Thus, the package insert (see 1) recommends clinicians start at the lower end of the dosing<br> range, without further details.<br> Similarly, Pfizer manufactures Inderal® LA (Propranolol HCI), which is the long-acting<br> form of propranolol and their package insert (see 2) states, “There is no information available for<br> elderly patients.” Though the kinetics for the long-acting formdiffers from the standard form,<br> manufactured by Wyeth, we would suspect a 10mg dose for the elderly would achieve a similar<br> maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) to that of the younger patient cohort.This 10mg, which is<br> 25% of the original 40mg, dosing schedule is based on our simulations at 10mg in the geriatric<br> population.</p>
Fig. 3 in Ecological, parasitological and individual determinants of plasma neopterin levels in a natural mandrill population
Fig. 3. Plasma neopterin concentrations (raw values) in relation to P. Gonderi parasitaemia in adult males.
Fig. 1 in Ecological, parasitological and individual determinants of plasma neopterin levels in a natural mandrill population
Fig. 1. Plasma neopterin concentrations (raw values) in relation to individual sex. The bottom and top of the box respectively represent the 25th and 75th quartiles, and the bold horizontal line the median. Whiskers show the interquartile range. Open squares indicate the mean of the distribution. Comparisons are denoted by "*" if significant.
FIGURE 5 in Population level genetic divergence and phylogenetic placement of Mexican shortfin mollies (Mollienesia: Poecilia: Poeciliidae)
FIGURE 5 | Cytochrome b (1,140 bp) mitochondrial gene Bayesian phylogeny, parsimony haplotype network, and sampling distribution of Atlantic taxa Poecilia limantouri (Turqouise-North of the Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt, forest green-South of the Trans Mexican Belt), P. sulphuraria/P. thermalis (yellow-South of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec), and P. mexicana (baby blue-North of the Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt, light green-South of the Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt, purple-North of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, orange-South of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec) across geographic barriers along the Atlantic coast of Mexico. The phylogeny has Bayesian posterior values followed by bootstrap values with asterisks representing support of 95% or above. The Parsimony network values correspond to the haplotype values and are colored according by geographic locations separated by barriers; circle sizes correspond to the number of individuals with that haplotype (larger circles reflect more individuals), and black circles indicate unsampled haplotypes. The capital letters at the end of each sample represents the state of origin in Mexico, from North to South: NVL = Nuevo Leon, T = Tamaulipas, V = Veracruz, H = Hidalgo, Tb = Tabasco, C = Chiapas.
FIGURE 3 in Population level genetic divergence and phylogenetic placement of Mexican shortfin mollies (Mollienesia: Poecilia: Poeciliidae)
FIGURE 3 | Cytochrome b (1,140 bp) mitochondrial gene Bayesian phylogeny, parsimony haplotype network, and sampling distribution of Poecilia sphenops (aqua-Atlantic North of the Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt, pink- Balsas River Drainage, purple- Atlantic North of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, red- Pacific North of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, orange- Atlantic South of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, and yellow- Pacific South of the Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt) across geographic barriers along the coasts of Mexico. The phylogeny has Bayesian posterior values followed by bootstrap values with asterisks representing support of 95% or above. The Parsimony network values correspond to the haplotype values and are colored according by geographic locations separated by barriers; circle sizes correspond to the number of individuals with that haplotype (larger circles reflect more individuals), and black circles indicate unsampled haplotypes. The capital letters at the end of each sample represents the state of origin in Mexico, from North to South: V = Veracruz, H = Hidalgo, M = Michoacan, G = Guerrero, O = Oaxaca, C = Chiapas.
FIGURE 4 in Population level genetic divergence and phylogenetic placement of Mexican shortfin mollies (Mollienesia: Poecilia: Poeciliidae)
FIGURE 4 | Cytochrome b (1,140 bp) mitochondrial gene Bayesian phylogeny, parsimony haplotype network, and sampling distribution of the Pacific sister taxa Poecilia butleri (blue-North of the Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt) and P. nelsoni (lime green-South of the Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt, pink- Balsas River Drainage, red- North of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, and yellow- South of the Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt) across geographic barriers along the coast of Mexico. The phylogeny has Bayesian posterior values followed by bootstrap values with asterisks representing support of 95% or above. The Parsimony network values correspond to the haplotype values and are colored according by geographic locations separated by barriers; circle sizes correspond to the number of individuals with that haplotype (larger circles reflect more individuals), and black cirles indicate unsampled haplotypes. The capital letters at the end of each sample represents the state of origin in Mexico, from North to South: S = Sinaloa, N = Nayarit, J = Jalisco, Cl = Colima, M = Michoacan, G = Guerrero, O = Oaxaca, C = Chiapas.
FIGURE 1 in Population level genetic divergence and phylogenetic placement of Mexican shortfin mollies (Mollienesia: Poecilia: Poeciliidae)
FIGURE 1 | Sampling localities of species in the subgenus Mollienesia in Mexico and the main physiographic barriers throughout the country. The main physiographic barriers in Mexico from north to south are Northwestern Plains and Sierras, Sierra Madre Occidental, Sierra Madre Oriental, Gulf Coast Plain, Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt, Balsas Depression, Sierra Madre del Sur, Isthmus of Tehuantepec, and Sierra Madre de Chiapas.
FIGURE 2 in Population level genetic divergence and phylogenetic placement of Mexican shortfin mollies (Mollienesia: Poecilia: Poeciliidae)
FIGURE 2 | Bayesian tree from the MrBayes partitioned analysis of Poecilia spp. for two mitochondrial genes (Cyt b and ND2, 2187 base pairs) and one nuclear (RAG1, 1561 base pairs) rooted with other poeciliid outgroups. Species names in black pertain to species outside of Mexico and species names in red are species found within Mexico. Species labels represent slope: (A) = Atlantic, (P) = Pacific, and (B) = Bi-coastal. Nodal support shown (left to right; respectively): Bayesian Posterior Probabilities followed by RAxML bootstrap support values. Asterisks denote nodal support of 95% or above for the two methods, and a single asterisk at a node indicates support values of 95% or above for both methods. Nodes with no values present either had low values or were of little interest for this study. The capital letters at the end of each sample represents the state of origin in Mexico, from North to South: T = Tamaulipas, NVL = Nuevo León, V = Veracruz, H = Hidalgo, M = Michoacan, G = Guerrero, O = Oaxaca, Tb = Tabasco, C = Chiapas.
Figure 1 in Domestication level of the most popular aquarium fish species: is the aquarium trade dependent on wild populations?
Figure 1. – Number of aquarium fish species per domestication level (white: freshwater, n = 50 species; black: marine, n = 50 species).
Synthetic population for Canada at the DA level for 2016, 2021, 2023 and 2030.
<p>Synthetic populations of individuals and households at a fine geographical level (DA) for Canada for the years 2021, 2023 and 2030, according to various population growth scenarios. The synthetic populations are based on 2016 census data and population projections for 9 population growth scenarios. Each synthetic population is composed of individuals with detailed socio-demographic attributes, including age, sex, income, education, employment status and geographic locations, related into households.</p>
Celluloepidemiology: a novel paradigm for quantifying infectious disease dynamics through T-cell modelling on a population level
<p>T-cell receptor sequencing (TCR-seq) was performed on enriched CD8+ T-cells. TCR clonotype annotation was performed using MiXCR v.3.0.13 with the default input parameters.</p> <p>Full origin and method description available in:<br>Celluloepidemiology: a novel paradigm for quantifying infectious disease dynamics through T-cell modelling on a population level</p>
Agent level Synthetic Freight Population
<p>Each row represents a unique tour with the following properties: Flow, NAICS number, Light/Heavy indicator, Start Time of Day, Total Tour Travel Time, Total Tour Emissions, Production Zone and Attraction Zones for each stop, a Travel Time and Service Time for each trip, a Latitude and Longitude for each stop, Emissions for each trip, and the Weight of each truck in Tons.</p>
Differentiation of rhizosphere fungal assemblages by host ploidy level in mixed-ploidy Larrea tridentata populations
<p class="MsoNormal">Polyploidy—whole genome duplication—is common in plants. Studies over the last several decades have documented numerous mixed-ploidy populations. Whether arising via recurrent whole genome duplication events within a population, or from secondary contact, the persistence of mixed populations is possible by niche differentiation. Specifically, one mechanism facilitating ploidy co-occurrence is microbially-mediated niche differentiation (MMND), wherein cytotypes occupy different niches via interactions with different sets of microbes. Inherently cryptic, MMND is underexplored in polyploid plant populations. Here, we search for evidence of MMND in creosotebush (<em>Larrea tridentata</em>), a dominant desert shrub of the southwestern U.S. and northern Mexico. We sequenced root-associated fungal taxa in soil diploid, autotetraploid, and autohexaploid plants growing in two naturally-occurring mixed-cytotype populations. Within populations, we found substantial fungal assemblage overlap across host plant cytotypes. However, using indicator species analysis, we identified some fungi that are differentiated by host plant cytotype, satisfying a precondition for MMND. Future study is needed to determine the degree of niche differentiation conferred, if any, and whether the identified fungi play a role in the long-term persistence of multiple cytotypes within populations.</p>
Life on the edge: A new toolbox for population-level climate change vulnerability assessments
<p>Global change is impacting biodiversity across all habitats on earth. New selection pressures from changing climatic conditions and other anthropogenic activities are creating heterogeneous ecological and evolutionary responses across many species' geographic ranges. Yet we currently lack standardised and reproducible tools to effectively predict the resulting patterns in species vulnerability to declines or range changes.</p> <p>We developed an informatic toolbox that integrates ecological, environmental and genomic data and analyses (environmental dissimilarity, species distribution models, landscape connectivity, neutral and adaptive genetic diversity and Genotype-Environment Associations) to estimate population vulnerability. In our toolbox, functions and data structures are coded in a standardised way so that it is applicable to any species or geographic region where appropriate data are available, for example individual or population sampling and genomic datasets (e.g. RAD-seq, ddRAD-seq, whole genome sequencing data) representing environmental variation across the species geographic range.</p> <p>We apply our toolbox to a georeferenced genomic dataset for the East African spiny reed frog (<em>Afrixalus fornasini</em>) to predict population vulnerability, as well as demonstrating that range loss projections based on adaptive variation can be accurately reproduced using data for two European bat species (<em>Myotis escalerai</em>, and <em>M. crypticus</em>).</p> <p>Our framework sets the stage for large scale, multi-species genomic datasets to be leveraged in a novel climate change vulnerability framework to quantify intraspecific differences in genetic diversity, local adaptation, range shifts and population vulnerability based on exposure, sensitivity, and range shift potential.</p>
Data from: Personality determines population-level effects of microplastics consumption in a modelled population of stream-dwelling rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
<p>Microplastics in freshwater habitats are consumed by fish, including stream-dwelling salmonids, which can alter food consumption or negatively affect swimming and foraging behaviour. As population-level effects are largely unknown, a simulated population of stream-dwelling rainbow trout (<em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em>) was created using the agent-based model 'inSTREAM 7' to model population-level effects (biomass) of behavioural changes caused by microplastics consumption. Individual fish were assigned all possible combinations of two personality traits (dominance, boldness/shyness), and consumed microplastics while foraging, while their abundance, body size, and microplastics consumption were tracked for three different life stages (fry, juvenile, adult) for a 10-year simulation period. Three additive scenarios were explored: a low-impact scenario with decreased food consumption, a medium-impact scenario with added lower swimming speed, and a high-impact scenario with added reductions in prey capture efficiency. Each was tested with microplastics concentrations of 0%, 1% (i.e., current levels), and 3% (i.e., future levels) of drift food. Overall, microplastics consumption did not strongly affect trout population abundance. Dominant adult trout consumed disproportionally more microplastics than all other fish, especially with higher microplastics concentrations. Different personality types were affected differently in the three scenarios: dominant and bold adults were smaller when food consumption was reduced, shy and subordinate adults were smaller when swimming speed was lowered, and all dominant adults, regardless of boldness, were smaller when foraging efficiency was impeded, with dominant and bold fry also less abundant in this scenario. However, effects on fish body size were only found with microplastic concentrations of 3%, indicating these outcomes can be prevented, as current levels of microplastics pollution are unlikely to affect salmonid body size. Nevertheless, microplastics ingestion represents an additional stressor that may potentially interact with a myriad of anthropogenic impacts that already affect wild salmonid populations.</p>
Data from: Environmental drivers of population-level variation in the migratory and diving ontogeny of an Arctic top predator
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Life on the edge: A new toolbox for population-level climate change vulnerability assessments
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Data for: Testing the population-level effects of stress-induced susceptibility in the ranavirus-wood frog system
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Data from: Unobserved individual and population level impacts of fishing gear entanglements on North Atlantic right whales
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.