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41 results for “postzygotic”
Data from: Strong asymmetry in the relative strengths of prezygotic and postzygotic barriers between two damselfly sister species
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Data from: Postzygotic isolation involves strong mitochondrial and sex-specific effects in Tigriopus californicus, a species lacking heteromorphic sex chromosomes
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Data from: Unexpected ancestry of Populus seedlings from a hybrid zone implies a large role for postzygotic selection in the maintenance of species
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Data from: Reproductive isolation due to prezygotic isolation and postzygotic cytoplasmic incompatibility in parasitoid wasps
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Data from: Lineages of Silene nutans developed rapid, strong, asymmetric postzygotic reproductive isolation in allopatry
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Data from: Is embryo abortion a postzygotic barrier to gene flow between Littorina ecotypes?
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Data from: On the Coyne and Orr-igin of species: effects of intrinsic postzygotic isolation, ecological differentiation, X-chromosome size, and sympatry on Drosophila speciation
Coyne and Orr found that mating discrimination (premating isolation) evolves much faster between sympatric than allopatric Drosophila species pairs. Their meta-analyses established that this pattern, expected under reinforcement, is common and that Haldane's rule is ubiquitous in Drosophila species divergence. We examine three possible contributors to the reinforcement pattern: intrinsic postzygotic isolation, dichotomized as to whether hybrid males show complete inviability/sterility; host-plant divergence, as a surrogate for extrinsic postzygotic isolation; and X chromosome size, whether roughly 20% or 40% of the genome is X-linked. We focus on "young" species pairs with overlapping ranges, contrasted with allopatric pairs. Using alternative criteria for "sympatry" and tests that compare either level of prezygotic isolation in sympatry or frequency of sympatry, we find no statistically significant effects associated with X chromosome size or our coarse quantifications of intrinsic postzygotic isolation or ecological differentiation. Although sympatric speciation seems very rare in animals, the pervasiveness of the reinforcement pattern and the commonness of range overlap for close relatives indicate that speciation in Drosophila is often not purely allopatric. It remains to determine whether increased premating isolation with sympatry results from secondary contact versus parapatric speciation and what drives this pattern.
Data from: Relationship between genetic distances and postzygotic reproductive isolation in diploid Fragaria (Rosaceae)
Studies of reproductive isolation are important for understanding speciation and species delimitation. We studied seven components of reproductive isolation at different taxonomic and geographical levels and their relationship with genetic distance in diploid Fragaria. Isolation was only evident between different taxa at later stages (post F1 survivorship) not at the earlier ones of fruit and seed set, F1 seed germination and survivorship. Within F. vesca, isolation at the later stages was positively correlated with genetic distance, but this was not found at interspecific levels. The lack of isolation between F. vesca and the other species at the early stages provide the chance for hybrid formation, but high levels of infertility expressed among the offspring can lead to potentially opposing evolutionary outcomes. Within F. vesca, there was evidence of unexpected isolation promoting evolutionary diversification and incipient speciation. Reproductive isolation values between sympatric and allopatric species pairs were similar and indicate a lack of reinforcement in Fragaria. This, combined with the lack of correlation between genetic distance and isolation at interspecific levels shows that genetic distance is not always proportionally correlated with the degree of isolation in plants and suggests that evolutionary processes may be playing differently in plants compared to animals.
Data from: Hybrid asexuality as a primary postzygotic barrier between nascent species: on the interconnection between asexuality, hybridization and speciation
Although sexual reproduction is ubiquitous throughout nature, the molecular machinery behind it has been repeatedly disrupted during evolution, leading to the emergence of asexual lineages in all eukaryotic phyla. Despite intensive research, little is known about what causes the switch from sexual reproduction to asexuality. Interspecific hybridization is one of the candidate explanations but the reasons for the apparent association between hybridization and asexuality remain unclear. In this study we combined cross-breeding experiments with population genetic and phylogenomic approaches to reveal the history of speciation and asexuality evolution in European spined loaches (Cobitis). Contemporary species readily hybridize in hybrid zones, but produce infertile males and fertile but clonally reproducing females that cannot mediate introgressions. However, our analysis of exome data indicates that intensive gene flow between species has occurred in the past. Crossings among species with various genetic distances showed that, while distantly related species produced asexual females and sterile males, closely related species produce sexually reproducing hybrids of both sexes. Our results suggest that hybridization leads to sexual hybrids at the initial stages of speciation, but as the species diverge further, the gradual accumulation of reproductive incompatibilities between species could distort their gametogenesis towards asexuality. Interestingly, comparative analysis of published data revealed that hybrid asexuality generally evolves at lower genetic divergences than hybrid sterility or inviability. Given that hybrid asexuality effectively restricts gene flow, it may establish a primary reproductive barrier earlier during diversification than other 'classical' forms of postzygotic incompatibilities. Hybrid asexuality may thus indirectly contribute to the speciation process.
Supplementary material 2 from: Wanzenböck J, Hopfinger M, Wanzenböck S, Fuxjäger L, Rund H, Lamatsch DK (2021) First successful hybridization experiment between native European weatherfish (Misgurnus fossilis) and non-native Oriental weatherfish (M. anguillicaudatus) reveals no evidence for postzygotic barriers. NeoBiota 69: 29-50. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.69.67708
Figure S2
Supplementary material 4 from: Wanzenböck J, Hopfinger M, Wanzenböck S, Fuxjäger L, Rund H, Lamatsch DK (2021) First successful hybridization experiment between native European weatherfish (Misgurnus fossilis) and non-native Oriental weatherfish (M. anguillicaudatus) reveals no evidence for postzygotic barriers. NeoBiota 69: 29-50. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.69.67708
Figure S4
Supplementary material 1 from: Wanzenböck J, Hopfinger M, Wanzenböck S, Fuxjäger L, Rund H, Lamatsch DK (2021) First successful hybridization experiment between native European weatherfish (Misgurnus fossilis) and non-native Oriental weatherfish (M. anguillicaudatus) reveals no evidence for postzygotic barriers. NeoBiota 69: 29-50. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.69.67708
Figure S1
Supplementary material 3 from: Wanzenböck J, Hopfinger M, Wanzenböck S, Fuxjäger L, Rund H, Lamatsch DK (2021) First successful hybridization experiment between native European weatherfish (Misgurnus fossilis) and non-native Oriental weatherfish (M. anguillicaudatus) reveals no evidence for postzygotic barriers. NeoBiota 69: 29-50. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.69.67708
Figure S3
Data from: Relationship between genetic distances and postzygotic reproductive isolation in diploid Fragaria (Rosaceae)
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Data from: Ecologically dependent and intrinsic genetic signatures of postzygotic isolation between sympatric host races of the leaf beetle Lochmaea capreae
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Data from: Hybrid asexuality as a primary postzygotic barrier between nascent species: on the interconnection between asexuality, hybridization and speciation
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Data from: On the Coyne and Orr-igin of species: effects of intrinsic postzygotic isolation, ecological differentiation, X-chromosome size, and sympatry on Drosophila speciation
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Data from: Divergent strategies in pre- and postzygotic reproductive isolation between two closely related Dianthus species
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Paternally expressed imprinted genes establish postzygotic hybridization barriers in Arabidopsis thaliana
GEO Series GSE62401. Arabidopsis thaliana. 10 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
An epigenetic role for disrupted paternal gene expression in postzygotic seed abortion in Arabidopsis interspecific hybrids
GEO Series GSE41391. Arabidopsis thaliana x Arabidopsis arenosa. 4 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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