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Fig. 17 in Quaternary Murid Rodents Of Timor Part I: New Material Of Coryphomys Buehleri Schaub, 1937, And Description Of A Second Species Of The Genus

Fig. 17. Isolated cranial elements referred to the genus Coryphomys but without specific determinations. AMF 68822, a partial left premaxilla with a damaged upper incisor, shown in lateral (A), medial (B), and ventral (C) views. AMF 68864, an isolated left frontal bone in dorsal (D) view. Abbreviations: bis, bony incisor sheath; fps, frontoparietal suture; mfs, maxillofrontal suture; nfs, nasofrontal suture; np, narial process; otr, orbitotemporal ridge. Scale bar 5 10 mm and applies to all images.

Fig. 11 in Quaternary Murid Rodents Of Timor Part I: New Material Of Coryphomys Buehleri Schaub, 1937, And Description Of A Second Species Of The Genus

Fig. 11. Occlusal views of lower molars referred to Coryphomys musseri. A, ANWCP13: associated right m1–2; B, ANWCP20: associated right m1–2; C, AMF 68752: associated left m1–2; D, ANWCP9: associated right m1–2; E, ANWCP14: an isolated right m1; F, ANWCP27, an isolated left m1; G, ANWCP17: an isolated left m1; H, ANWCP16: an isolated left m1; I, ANWCP29: an isolated right m1; J, ANWCP18: associated right m1–3; K, AMF 68789: an isolated right m1; L, ANWCP10: associated right m1–3; M, AMF 68763: associated left m1–3; N, ANWCP15: associated right m1–3; O, ANWCP32 (holotype of C. musseri): associated left m1–3; P, ANWCP11: associated left m1–3; Q, CM4: associated right m1–3; R, CM2: associated right m1–3; S, AMF 68753: associated right m1–3. Scale bar represents 5 mm and applies to all images.

Fig. 9 in Quaternary Murid Rodents Of Timor Part I: New Material Of Coryphomys Buehleri Schaub, 1937, And Description Of A Second Species Of The Genus

Fig. 9. Three partial dentaries referred to Coryphomys buehleri. AMF 68831: a right dentary fragment with m1–3 in medial (A) and lateral (B) views. AMF 68850: a right dentary fragment with m1–3 in medial (C) and lateral (D) views. AMF 68789: a left dentary fragment with lower incisor and m1–2 in medial (E) and lateral (F) views. Scale bar represents 10 mm and applies to all images. Abbreviations: cp, condylar process; dp, digastric process; imc, inferior masseteric crest; imf, inferior mandibular foramen; mf, mental foramen; mmp, fossa for insertion of posterior part of medial layer of masseteric muscle; par, postalveolar ridge; psl, ridge for attachment of posterior symphyseal ligament; rf, retromolar fossa; smc, superior masseteric crest; smf, superior mandibular foramen; tmf, fossa for deep part of transverse mandibular muscle.

Fig. 15 in Quaternary Murid Rodents Of Timor Part I: New Material Of Coryphomys Buehleri Schaub, 1937, And Description Of A Second Species Of The Genus

Fig. 15. Dorsal surface of AMF 68770, a left palatal fragment of Coryphomys musseri with an interpretive diagram for significant anatomical features of the maxillary sinus complex and the floor of the orbitotemporal fossa. Abbreviations: app, anterior palatine process; as, anterior septum of maxillary sinus; cs, central septum of maxillary sinus; dpc, descending palatine artery and nerve canal; ios, infraorbital sulcus; mps, median palatal suture; m1r, bulge covering anterior root of M1; mr, raised medial rim of maxilla; nps, nasopharyngeal sulcus; nvs, neurovascular sulcus; olm, orbital lamina of maxilla; pms, premaxilla-maxilla suture; pnp, posterior nasopharynx; ppp, posterior palatine process; ps, posterior septum of maxillary sinus; sps, sphenopalatine sulcus; zp, zygomatic plate. Scale bar represents 5 mm.

Fig. 13 in Quaternary Murid Rodents Of Timor Part I: New Material Of Coryphomys Buehleri Schaub, 1937, And Description Of A Second Species Of The Genus

Fig. 13. Reconstructions of the palatal anatomy of Coryphomys musseri in ventral (A) and dorsal (B) views, based on mirroring of the left palatal specimen AMF 68770. Comparison with figure 7 illustrates the difference in size of the cheekteeth relative to osseous structures between the two species of Coryphomys. Scale bar represents 10 mm.

Fig. 14 in Quaternary Murid Rodents Of Timor Part I: New Material Of Coryphomys Buehleri Schaub, 1937, And Description Of A Second Species Of The Genus

Fig. 14. Side-by-side comparison of reconstructed palatal anatomy of Coryphomys buehleri (A) and C. musseri (B) illustrates the marked difference in proportional molar size relative to osseous structures. The two specimens are at approximately the same stage of tooth wear, hence the differences are not a product of contrasting individual age. Coryphomys buehleri is effectively a ''megadont'' version of C. musseri and this produces a more crowded palate and a shorter antemolar region. The apparent difference in the morphology of the incisive foramina is illusory; this region is damaged in the specimen of C. musseri and the posterior margin of the foramen is not preserved.

Fig. 6 in Quaternary Murid Rodents Of Timor Part I: New Material Of Coryphomys Buehleri Schaub, 1937, And Description Of A Second Species Of The Genus

Fig. 6. Palatal specimens referred to Coryphomys buehleri. All fragments very likely derive from the same individual. The left zygomatic plate (AMF 68751c) is shown in lateral (A) and ventrolateral (B) views. The right maxillary fragment with M1 (AMF 68751b) is shown in occlusal view (C). The left palatal fragment (AMF 68751a) includes portions of the maxilla and palatine bones, and M1–3; this is shown in occlusal (D) and medial (E) views. The right maxillary fragment extends forward to the premaxillarymaxillary suture (pms) and preserves the posterior notch (ifn) of a short and narrow incisive foramen. The left palatal fragment preserves the posterior margin of the bony palate (ppm) and the posterior palatal foramen (ppf). Scale bar represents 10 mm and applies to all images.

Fig. 21 in Quaternary Murid Rodents Of Timor Part I: New Material Of Coryphomys Buehleri Schaub, 1937, And Description Of A Second Species Of The Genus

Fig. 21. Anatomical features of the maxilla and surrounding bones in four extant murine species. A, Rattus rattus (CM35627), right premaxilla, maxilla and palatine bones in dorsolateral view; and B, Rattus rattus (CM35628), right maxilla and palatine bones in dorsal view; C, Mallomys gunung (CM11715), rostral fragment of cranium with bones of roof removed to expose inner structures of narial chamber; and D, Uromys caudimaculatus (ANWCP34), right premaxilla, maxilla and palatine bones in dorsolateral view. Abbreviations: app, anterior palatine process; dpc, descending palatine artery and nerve canal; if, incisive foramen; igc, incisor generative capsule; ios, infraorbital sulcus; mr, medial ridge of maxillary sinus complex; msc, maxillary sinus complex; nps, nasopharyngeal sulcus; nvs, neurovascular sulcus; olm, orbital lamina of maxilla; pms, premaxilla-maxilla suture; sps, sphenopalatine sulcus; zp, zygomatic plate. Scale bars each represent 5 mm. One scale bar is shared by A and B.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2023View details →

Late Quaternary activity of the NW Cardrona Fault, Otago, New Zealand - Supplements S1 and S2

Supplementary material to accompany: van den Berg, E. J., Williams, J. N.*, Stirling, M. W., Barrell, D. J. A., Griffin, J. D., Litchfield, N. J., & Wang, N. (2024). Late Quaternary activity of the NW Cardrona Fault, Otago, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/00288306.2023.2297962 This dataset includes: <ul> <li>Supplement S1: Supplementary figures S1-S3</li> <li>Supplement S2: Code used to generate the OxCal models for the Macdonalds Creek and Gibbston trenches</li> </ul> *Corresponding author: jack.williams@otago.ac.nz

Fig. 6 in A review of Neogene and Quaternary pikes of southeastern Europe and a new species from the early Pleistocene of Nogaisk, Ukraine

Fig. 6. Isolated elements assigned to a pike Esox spp. from Southeastern Europe; late Miocene (A–J), Pliocene (N–Q), and Pleistocene (K–M, R–T). A–G, I–T. Tooth, lateral view. A. NMNHU-P 41/3472, Palievo. B. NMNHU-P 33/561, Mykhailivka 2. C. NMNHU-P 29/1708, Popovo 3. D. NMNHU-P 29/1045, Verkhnya Krynitsya 2. E. NMNHU-P 41/4498, Egorovka 2. F. NMNHU-P 41/4329, Egorovka 1. G. NMNHU-P 38/1964, Novoukrainka 1. I. NMNHU-P 41/2466, Pontian Lectostratotype. J. NMNHU-P 41/2742, Vinogradovka 1. K. NMNHU-P 53/4395, Bol'shevik 2. L. NMNHU-P 29/380, Lysa Gora 1. M. NMNHU-P 53/4388, Semibalka 1. N. NMNHU-P 42/2458, Vinogradovka 2. O. NMNHU-P 53/4281, Obukhovka 2. P. NMNHU-P 53/4344, Zhevakhova Gora. Q. NMNHU-P 29/627, Verkhnya Krynitsya 1. R. NMNHU-P 42/2463, Kotlovina 2. S. NMNHU-P 53/4406, Medzhibozh. T. NMNHU-P 42/2472, Kotlovina 3. H. Left palatine (NMNHU-P 33/517), Andreevka, occlusal view. Scale bars: C, D, H–O, R, S, T, 5 mm; A, B, E, F, P, Q, 4 mm; G, 3 mm.

Fig. 1 in A review of Neogene and Quaternary pikes of southeastern Europe and a new species from the early Pleistocene of Nogaisk, Ukraine

Fig. 1. Map showing location of Ukraine in Europe (B). Localities with fossil pike remains in southeastern Europe in Ukraine (A), detailed view of area near Odessa (C). 1, Popovo; 2, Mykhailivka; 3, Frunzovka; 4, Palievo; 5, Lobkovo; 6, Cherevichne; 7, Vasylivka; 8, Verkhnya Krynitsya; 9, Egorovka; 10, Novoukrainka; 11, Andreevka; 12, Orekhovka; 13, Pontian Lectostratotype; 14, Vinogradovka; 15, Novopetrovka; 16, Obukhovka; 17, Kamenskoe; 18, Kotlovina; 19, Zhevakhova Gora; 20, Kryzhanovka; 21, Tiligul; 22, Nova Etuliya; 23, Sinyaya Balka; 24, Nogaisk; 25, Kairy; 26, Protopopovka; 27, Semibalka; 28, Lysa Gora; 29, Bol'shevik; 30, Medzhibozh.

Fig. 3 in A review of Neogene and Quaternary pikes of southeastern Europe and a new species from the early Pleistocene of Nogaisk, Ukraine

Fig. 3. Isolated elements assigned to a pike Esox moldavicus Sytchevskaya, 1974 from Southeastern Europe; Pliocene (A, C–E, G), and Pleistocene (B, F, H). A. Left dentary (NMNHU-P 45/6017), Cherevichne 2, occlusal view. B. Right palatine (NMNHU-P 41/2556), Kotlovina 3, ventral view. C. Left dentary (NMNHU-P 42/513), Kamenskoe, occlusal view. D. Left dentary (NMNHU-P 53/4248), Kryzhanovka, occlusal (D1) and medial (D2) views. E. Right dentary (NMNHU-P 53/4245), Obukhovka 1, occlusal view. F. Left dentary (NMNHU-P 41/2452), Kotlovina 2, occlusal view. G. Palatine fragment (NMNHU-P 53/4246), Obukhovka 2, ventral view. H. Left dentary (NMNHU-P 41/2454), Kotlovina 3, occlusal view. E, D2, anterior to right; C, D1, A, F, H, anterior to left; G, B, anterior towards top. Scale bars: E, D, 10 mm; C, G, F, H, B, 5 mm; A, 2 mm.

Fig. 5 in A review of Neogene and Quaternary pikes of southeastern Europe and a new species from the early Pleistocene of Nogaisk, Ukraine

Fig. 5. Isolated elements assigned to the Northern Pike Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758 from Southeastern Europe; Pleistocene. A. Left cleithrum (NMNHU-P 53/4249), Nova Etuliya, lateral view. B. Left palatine (NMNHU-P 53/4253), Semibalka 1, ventral view. C. Right palatine (NMNHU-P 53/4255), Medzhibozh, dorsal view (C1), ventral view (C2). D. Fragment of cleithra (NMNHU-P 53/4250), Sinyaya Balka, lateral view. E. Left dentary (NMNHU-P 53/4387), Semibalka 1, occlusal view. F. Right dentary (NMNHU-P 53/4264), Medzhibozh, occlusal view. G. Parashenoid (NMNHU-P 53/4254), Medzhibozh, dorsal view. A, D, E, anterior to right; F, anterior to left; B, C, G, anterior towards top. Scale bars: A–F, 5 mm; G, 10 mm.

Fig. 2 in A review of Neogene and Quaternary pikes of southeastern Europe and a new species from the early Pleistocene of Nogaisk, Ukraine

Fig. 2. Isolated elements assigned to a pike Esox sibiricus Sytchevskaya, 1976 from Southeastern Europe; late Miocene (A–J), Pliocene (K), and Pleistocene (L). A. Right dentary (NMNHU-P 29/1679), Popovo 3, occlusal view. B. Dentary fragment with teeth (NMNHU-P 29/1680), Popovo 3, medial view. C. Left dentary (NMNHU-P 29/3965), Lobkovo, occlusal view. D. Left dentary (NMNHU-P 45/5690), Cherevichne 3, occlusal view. E. Parasphenoid (NMNHU-P 29/1033), Verkhnya Krynitsya 2, dorsal view. F. Dentary fragment (NMNHU-P 29/1034), Verkhnya Krynitsya 2, lateral view. G. Right dentary (NMNHU-P 41/4324), Egorovka 2, occlusal view. H. Left dentary (NMNHU-P 41/2847), Orekhovka, occlusal view. I. Right articular (NMNHU-P 41/4525), Egorovka 2, lateral view. J. Right dentary (NMNHU-P 41/2741), Vinogradovka 1, occlusal view. K. Left dentary (NMNHU-P 37/2554), Novopetrovka, occlusal view. L. Left dentary (NMNHU-P 29/1583), Popovo 2, occlusal view. C, D, H, I, K, L, anterior to right; A, B, F, G, J, anterior to left; E, anterior towards top. Scale bars 5 mm.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2024View details →

Impacts of Quaternary climatic changes on the diversification of riverine cichlids in the lower Congo River

Climatic and geomorphological changes during the Quaternary period impacted global patterns of speciation and diversification across a wide range of taxa, but few studies have examined these effects on African riverine fishes. The lower Congo River is an excellent natural laboratory for understanding complex speciation and population diversification processes as it is hydrologically extremely dynamic and recognized as a continental hotspot of diversity harboring many narrowly endemic species. A previous study using genome-wide SNP data highlighted the importance of dynamic hydrological regimes to the diversification and speciation in lower Congo River cichlids. However, historical climate and hydrological changes (e.g., reduced river discharge during extended dry periods) have likely also influenced ichthyofaunal diversification processes in this system. The lower Congo River offers a unique opportunity to study climate-driven changes in river discharge, given the massive volume of water from the entire Congo basin flowing through this short stretch of the river. Here, we, for the first time, investigate the impacts of paleoclimatic factors on ichthyofaunal diversification in this system by inferring divergence times and modeling patterns of gene flow in four endemic lamprologine cichlids, including the blind cichlid, Lamprologus lethops.

FIG. 9 in Neogene and Quaternary fossil remains of beaked whales (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Ziphiidae) from deep-sea deposits off Crozet and Kerguelen islands, Southern Ocean

FIG. 9. — Skull of the extant strap-toothed whale Mesoplodon layardii (unnumbered SAM specimen) showing the relationship between the large mandibular tusks, the depression in the dorsal surface of the rostrum, and the transverse constriction of the dorsal opening of the mesorostral groove. Note that except for the tusks the mandibles are made of plaster, and that the tusks are positioned slightly too posterior along the rostrum as compared to their in vivo position. Photos by G. Bianucci.

FIG. 1 in Neogene and Quaternary fossil remains of beaked whales (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Ziphiidae) from deep-sea deposits off Crozet and Kerguelen islands, Southern Ocean

FIG. 1. — Locality maps: A, schematic map providing the position of Crozet and Kerguelen islands in the Southern Ocean; B, schematic map of the Crozet and Kerguelen islands area, including the main localities where fossil ziphiid specimens («) described in this work were found via longline fishing, as well as two ODP sites (l). Light grey shading for areas with a water depth lower than 1000 m; dark grey shading for islands and continents.

FIG. 2 in Neogene and Quaternary fossil remains of beaked whales (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Ziphiidae) from deep-sea deposits off Crozet and Kerguelen islands, Southern Ocean

FIG. 2. — Partial cranium of Khoikhoicetus kergueleni n. sp. (MNHN.F.COI1): A, dorsal view; B, same view with interpretive line drawing; C, right lateral view; D, anterodorsal view. Scale bar: 100 mm.

FIG. 7 in Neogene and Quaternary fossil remains of beaked whales (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Ziphiidae) from deep-sea deposits off Crozet and Kerguelen islands, Southern Ocean

FIG. 7. — Partial rostra of Hyperoodontinae indet. aff. Africanacetus: A, B, MNHN.F.COI3; C, D, MNHN.F.COI4; A, C, dorsal views; B, D, right lateral views. Scale bar: 100 mm.

FIG. 3 in Neogene and Quaternary fossil remains of beaked whales (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Ziphiidae) from deep-sea deposits off Crozet and Kerguelen islands, Southern Ocean

FIG. 3. — Partial cranium of Khoikhoicetus kergueleni n. sp. (MNHN.F.COI13): A, dorsal view; B, detail of the vertex in dorsal view; C, anterodorsal view; D, right lateral view. Scale bars: 100 mm.