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180 results for “range shifts”
Resources for: Spatio-temporal integrated Bayesian species distribution models reveal lack of broad relationships between traits and range shifts
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Data from: Species distribution models of the Spotted Wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii, Diptera: Drosophilidae) in its native and invasive range reveal an ecological niche shift
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Data from: Lagged climate-driven range shifts at species’ leading, but not trailing, range edges revealed by multispecies seed addition experiment
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Variable species establishment in response to microhabitat indicates different likelihoods of climate-driven range shifts
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Accounting for nonlinear responses to traits improves range shift predictions
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Data from: Aridity drives coordinated trait shifts but not decreased trait variance across the geographic range of eight Australian trees
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Oceanographic habitat location data to support range shift analyses for the manuscript: "Climate-driven range shifts are rapid yet variable among recreationally important coastal-pelagic fishes"
<p>This data file contains the latitudinal location of suitable oceanographic habitat for a suite of coastal-pelagic fishes off eastern Australia at monthly time-steps between 1998 and 2018. Please refer to the manuscript "Climate-driven range shifts are rapid yet variable among recreationally important coastal-pelagic fishes" for a full description of the methodologies applied to derive these data.</p>
Data from: Adaptive evolution to novel predators facilitates the evolution of damselfly species range shifts
Most species have evolved adaptations to reduce the chances of predation. In many cases adaptations to coexist with one predator generate tradeoffs in the ability to live with other predators. Consequently, the ability to live with one predator may limit the geographic distributions of species, such that adaptive evolution to coexist with novel predators may facilitate range shifts. In a case study with Enallagma damselflies, we used a comparative phylogenetic approach to test the hypothesis that adaptive evolution to live with a novel predator facilitates range size shifts. Our results suggest that the evolution of Enallagma shifting from living in ancestral lakes with fish as top predators, to living in lakes with dragonflies as predators, may have facilitated an increase in their range sizes. This increased range size likely arose because lakes with dragonflies were widespread, but unavailable as a habitat throughout much of the evolutionary history of Enallagma because they were historically maladapted to coexist with dragonfly predators. Additionally, the traits that have evolved as defenses against dragonflies also likely enhanced damselfly dispersal abilities. While many factors underlie the evolutionary history of species ranges, these results suggest a role for the evolution of predator-prey interactions.
Long-term movements and home range changes: rapid territory shifts in meerkats
<p>1. Territoriality and stable home ranges are a common space use pattern among animals. These ranges provide its inhabitants with important resources and thus favourable territories are associated with an increased fitness. While the role of territory quality and changes of territory ownership have often been investigated, the changes of territorial boundaries have been less studied.</p> <p>2. Here we investigated space use changes in a social mammal species, applying a novel analytical approach, calculating long-term dissimilarity in space use using distance matrices based on periodic utilization distributions. This approach makes it possible to identify different space use patterns, which cannot be distinguished by only considering changes between consecutive time periods.</p> <p>3. We analysed meerkat (Suricata suricatta) movements of a total of 24 different groups over a 16-year period, resulting in 134 group years. We then correlated the identified home range changes to life history events and possible environmental drivers.</p> <p>4. Groups had stable territories for several years before they abandoned their home range mostly to move quickly to new areas where they again remained for several years. Of 26 identified sudden shifts, 22 occurred in the summer months and often involved distances larger than the original home range size. Home-range movements that were close together in time were often also spatially clustered and moved in a similar direction. These shifts were often preceded by more frequent interactions between groups, but did not seem to be a product of direct displacements by other groups. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) as a measure of food production and social factors such as dominance changes did not correlate to changes.</p> <p>5. Against our expectation space use changes were not accumulations of small changes, but more often involved long distance moves into unknown ranges. This means that the groups enter areas where they cannot profit from local knowledge. The methods used identifies episodes of long stability alternated by sudden changes in meerkats and in general provides insight into long-term space use. Our methods can be used to analyse long-term space use, either within or across species.</p>
Data from: Herbarium specimens reveal a historical shift in phylogeographic structure of common ragweed during native range disturbance
Invasive plants provide ample opportunity to study evolutionary shifts that occur after introduction to novel environments. However, although genetic characters pre-dating introduction can be important determinants of later success, large-scale investigations of historical genetic structure have not been feasible. Common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) is an invasive weed native to North America that is known for its allergenic pollen. Palynological records from sediment cores indicate that this species was uncommon before European colonization of North America, and ragweed populations expanded rapidly as settlers deforested the landscape on a massive scale, later becoming an aggressive invasive with populations established globally. Toward a direct comparison of genetic structure now and during intense anthropogenic disturbance of the late 19th century, we sampled 45 natural populations of common ragweed across its native range as well as historical herbarium specimens collected up to 140 years ago. Bayesian clustering analyses of 453 modern and 473 historical samples genotyped at three chloroplast spacer regions and six nuclear microsatellite loci reveal that historical ragweed's spatial-genetic structure mirrors both the paleo-record of Ambrosia pollen deposition and the historical pattern of agricultural density across the landscape. Furthermore, for unknown reasons this spatial-genetic pattern has changed substantially in the intervening years. Following on previous work relating morphology and and genetic expression between plants collected from eastern North America and Western Europe, we speculate that the cluster associated with humans' rapid transformation of the landscape is a likely source of these aggressive invasive populations.
Data from: Does metabolism constrain bird and mammal ranges and predict shifts in response to climate change?
Mechanistic approaches for predicting the ranges of endotherms are needed to forecast their responses to environmental change. We test whether physiological constraints on maximum metabolic rate and the factor by which endotherms can elevate their metabolism (metabolic expansibility) influence cold range limits for mammal and bird species. We examine metabolic expansibility at the cold range boundary (MECRB) and whether species' traits can predict variability in MECRB and then use MECRB as an initial approach to project range shifts for 210 mammal and 61 bird species. We find evidence for metabolic constraints: the distributions of metabolic expansibility at the cold range boundary peak at similar values for birds (2.7) and mammals (3.2). The right skewed distributions suggest some species have adapted to elevate or evade metabolic constraints. Mammals exhibit greater skew than birds, consistent with their diverse thermoregulatory adaptations and behaviors. Mammal and bird species that are small and occupy low trophic levels exhibit high levels of MECRB. Mammals with high MECRB tend to hibernate or use torpor. Predicted metabolic rates at the cold range boundaries represent large energetic expenditures (>50% of maximum metabolic rates). We project species to shift their cold range boundaries poleward by an average of 3.9° latitude by 2070 if metabolic constraints remain constant. Our analysis suggests that metabolic constraints provide a viable mechanism for initial projections of the cold range boundaries for endotherms. However, errors and approximations in estimating metabolic constraints (e.g., acclimation responses) and evasion of these constraints (e.g., torpor/hibernation, microclimate selection) highlight the need for more detailed, taxa‐specific mechanistic models. Even coarse considerations of metabolism will likely lead to improved predictions over exclusively considering thermal tolerance for endotherms.
Data From: An artificial habitat increases the reproductive fitness of a range-shifting species within a newly colonized ecosystem
<p>When a range-shifting species colonizes an ecosystem it has not previously inhabited, it may experience suboptimal conditions that challenge its continued persistence and expansion. Some impacts may be partially mitigated by artificial habitat analogues: artificial habitats that more closely resemble a species' historic ecosystem than the surrounding habitat. If conditions provided by such habitats increase reproductive success, they could be vital to the expansion and persistence of range-shifting species. We investigated the reproduction of the mangrove tree crab <i>Aratus pisonii </i>in its historic mangrove habitat, the suboptimal colonized salt marsh ecosystem, and on docks within the marsh, an artificial mangrove analogue. Crabs were assessed for offspring production and quality, as well as measures of maternal investment and egg quality. <i>Aratus pisonii</i> found on docks produced more eggs, more eggs per unit energy investment, and higher quality larvae than conspecifics in the surrounding salt marsh. Yet, crabs in the mangrove produced the highest quality larvae. Egg lipids suggest these different reproductive outcomes result from disparities in the quality of diet-driven maternal investments, particularly key fatty acids. This study suggests habitat analogues may increase the reproductive fitness of range-shifting species allowing more rapid expansion into, and better persistence in, colonized ecosystems.</p>
Aligning renewable energy expansion with climate-driven range shifts
<p>Fossil fuel dependence can be reduced, in part, by renewable energy (RE) expansion. Increasingly, RE siting seeks to avoid significant impacts on biodiversity but rarely considers how species ranges will shift under climate change. Here, we undertake a systematic literature review on the topic and overlay future RE siting maps with the ranges of two threatened species under future climate scenarios to highlight this potential conflict.</p>
Data on where and why species' range shifts are hampered by unsuitable landscapes: for moth species in Great Britain
<p>This dataset concerns moth (Lepidoptera) species in Great Britain and was compiled to address the question: Which landscape attributes have caused differential speeds of range expansion since 1985, both between landscapes and between species? More specifically, does the 'conductance' measured across a network of habitat help to predict the speed of range expansion? Conductance is a modelled measure of the speed at which a species could colonise a defined 'target' from a defined 'source' via a network of habitat patches. If it is predictive of real range expansion rates, it could be used to pinpoint the best places to target habitat conservation and restoration efforts.<br><br>Our analysis leverages climate and landcover data alongside two exceptional spatio-temporal databases for moth species in Britain. The Rothamsted Insect Survey is a scattered network of traps that are continuously monitored, which provides ideal "target" locations to test when each species arrived. The National Moth Recording Scheme collates verified records of species from all locations, providing the most complete picture possible of the "source" distribution where expanding species could have originated. We used previous studies (Fox et al., 2014) and these databases to select 54 species that were southerly distributed in Britain and showed some sign of range expansion. Then we tested how attributes of both the species and the landscapes affected the observed arrival times.</p>
Riding an escalator: upward range shift and patterns of genetic response to climate change in Acer caudatifolium
<p><strong>Aim </strong></p> <p>Rapid global warming is threatening global biodiversity, and it will likely lead to varying degrees of local adaptation, particularly among plant species. Besides, rising temperatures frequently result in upslope distribution shifts towards climatic optima (i.e., the escalator effect) within a limited dispersal space, such as in insular environments. Here, we integrated ecological and genetic approaches to investigate how climate change will impact the genetic compositions and spatial distributions of Taiwan endemic maple <em>Acer caudatifolium</em>.</p> <p><strong>Location </strong></p> <p>Taiwan</p> <p><strong>Methods </strong></p> <p>We estimate the distribution range shifts of <em>A. caudatifolium</em> under climate change through species distribution modeling (SDM). We also use 368 genotyped samples to infer dispersal and genetic hotspots and quantify the contributions of geography/environments to genetic variations. We further assess the potential risk to <em>A. caudatifolium</em> under different climate warming scenarios.</p> <p><strong>Results </strong></p> <p>We detected three genetic diversity hotspots near mountainous glacial refugia and two dispersal hotspots in northern Taiwan and the central-to-southern Central Mountain Range. Overall range reductions and an altitudinal upslope-shift were observed in SDM. Using both linear and nonlinear regression approaches, we found that genetic variation was significantly associated with geographic distance and elevation-related climatic variables. The potential risk analysis revealed that the northernmost summit-dwelling populations were the most vulnerable. Furthermore, the major risk factor differed among populations: for central populations, temperature and precipitation jointly determined the potential risk, whereas precipitation was the only risk factor for northern and southern populations.</p> <p><strong>Main conclusions</strong></p> <p>This case study demonstrates how various climate factors, mountain height, and the availability of corridors jointly determine the demographic fates and sustainability of island maples in the face of climate change. This study also provided estimates of the implications of global warming, which can be conducive to developing appropriate conservation strategies.</p>
Pearson correlation tests for environmental variables, Student t-test for range shift and comparisons for habitat loss in 2070
<p><span>Habitat loss and shifts associated with climate change threaten global biodiversity, with impacts likely to be most pronounced at high latitudes. With the disappearance of the tundra breeding habitats, migratory shorebirds that breed at these high latitudes are likely to be even more vulnerable to climate change than those in temperate regions. We examined this idea using new distributional information on two subspecies of Black-tailed Godwits <em>Limosa limosa</em> in Asia: the northerly, bog-breeding <em>L. l. bohaii</em> and the more southerly, steppe-breeding <em>L. l. melanuroides</em>. Based on breeding locations of tagged and molecularly assayed birds, we modelled the current breeding distributions of the two subspecies with species distribution models, tested those models for robustness, and then used them to predict climatically suitable breeding ranges in 2070 according to bioclimatic variables and different climate change scenarios. Our models were robust and showed that climate change is expected to push bohaii into the northern rim of the Eurasian continent. <em>Melanuroides</em> is also expected to shift northward, stopping in the Yablonovyy and </span><span>Stanovoy Ranges</span><span>, and breeding elevation is expected to increase.</span> <span>Climatically suitable breeding habitat ranges would shrink to 16% and 11% of the currently estimated ranges of <em>bohaii</em> and <em>melanuroides</em>, respectively. Overall, this study provides the first predictions for the future distributions of two little-known Black-tailed Godwit subspecies and highlights the importance of factoring in shifts in bird distribution when designing climate-proof conservation strategies.</span></p>
Community science data provides evidence for upward elevational range shifts by Eastern Himalayan birds
<p>The ongoing climate crisis is a significant threat to global biodiversity. As Earth warms, many species respond by shifting their geographical ranges either polewards, or in mountainous regions, upslope towards higher elevations, presumably to track suitable thermal environments. Upslope range shifts are of particular concern in tropical mountain ranges because: (a) tropical species are particularly thermally sensitive, (b) species moving upwards could become locally extirpated as they run out of habitable space, and (c) tropical mountains harbor a high fraction of Earth's terrestrial biodiversity. Rapid upslope shifts can therefore result in significant biodiversity losses. We used community science data over a 13-year period to evaluate whether 93 Eastern Himalayan bird species might be shifting to higher elevations. To do this, we analyzed changes in their occurrence probabilities in eBird checklists from birdwatching hotspots at fixed elevations. We found patterns consistent with upslope range shifts; species with elevational ranges primarily below hotspot elevations show increases in their occurrence probability over time, and those with most of their elevational ranges above a hotspot elevation decline in occurrence probability. Our findings are suggestive of rapid responses to climate change by Eastern Himalayan birds. We caution that Eastern Himalayan bird species might be at special risk from increasing global temperatures because of heightened thermal sensitivity coupled with high rates of warming in the region. To remain resilient in the face of climate change, Eastern Himalayan birds likely require undisturbed habitats spanning entire elevational gradients, to track rising temperatures by moving to higher elevations.</p>
Data from: Predicting range shifts of the giant pandas under future climate and land use scenarios
<p><span><strong>Aim</strong>:</span><span> Understanding and predicting how species will respond to global environmental change (i.e., climate and land use change) is essential to efficiently inform conservation and management strategies for authorities and managers. Here, we assessed the combined effect of future climate and land use change on the potential range shifts of the giant pandas (<em>Ailuropoda melanoleuca</em>). </span></p> <p><span><strong>Location</strong>:</span><span> Sichuan Province, China.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Methods</strong>: </span><span>We used ensemble species distribution models (SDMs) to forecast range shifts of the giant pandas by the 2050s and 2070s under four combined climate and land use change scenarios. We also</span><span> compared the differences in </span><span>distributional changes of giant pandas among the five mountains in the study area. </span></p> <p><span><strong>Results</strong>: </span><span>Our ensemble SDMs exhibited good model performance in terms of both AUC (0.931) and TSS (0.747), and suggested that precipitation seasonality, annual mean temperature, the proportion of forest cover and total annual precipitation are the most important factors in shaping the current distribution patterns for the giant pandas. Our projections of future species distribution also suggested a range expansion under an optimistic greenhouse gas emission, while suggesting a range contraction under a pessimistic greenhouse gas emission. Moreover, we found that there is considerable variation in the projected range change patterns among the five mountains in the study area. Especially, the suitable habitat of the giant panda is predicted to increase under all scenarios in Minshan mountains, while is predicted to decrease under all scenarios in Daxiangling and Liangshan mountains, indicating the vulnerability of the giant pandas at low latitudes. </span></p> <p><span><strong>Main conclusions</strong>: </span><span>Our findings highlight the importance of an integrated approach that combines climate and land use change to predict the future species distribution and the need for a spatial explicit consideration of the projected range change patterns of target species for guiding conservation and management strategies. </span></p>
Data for isolation-by-environment and its consequences for range shifts with global change: Landscape genomics of the invasive common tansy
<p>Invasive species are a growing global economic and ecological problem. However, it is not well understood how environmental factors mediate invasive range expansion. In this study, we investigated the recent and rapid range expansion of common tansy across environmental gradients in Minnesota, U.S.A. We densely sampled individuals across the expanding range and performed reduced representation sequencing to generate a dataset of 3071 polymorphic loci for 176 individuals. The dataset includes additional samples from the native range in Finland that were not used in the downstream analysis but are contributed for completeness. The dataset includes the genotype calls for all individuals sampled and sequenced. The genotype file was generated by stacks2.59 running the denovo pipeline and then using the populations function where we kept loci that were in 70% of populations and had a minor allele frequency of at least 1%. We used non-spatial and spatially-explicit analyses to determine the relative influences of geographic distance and environmental variation on patterns of genomic variation. We found no evidence for isolation-by-distance (IBD) but strong evidence for isolation-by-environment (IBE), indicating that environmental factors may have modulated patterns of range expansion.</p>
Data from: Local climate change velocities and evolutionary history explain multidirectional range shifts in a North American butterfly assemblage
<p>Species are often expected to shift their distributions either poleward or upslope to evade warming climates and colonize new suitable climatic niches. However, from 18 years of fixed transect monitoring data on 88 species of butterfly in the midwestern United States, we show that butterflies are shifting their centroids in all directions, except towards the region that is warming the fastest (southeast). Butterflies shifted their centroids at a mean rate of 4.87 km yr-1. The rate of centroid shift was significantly associated with local climate change velocity (temperature by precipitation interaction), but not with mean climate change velocity throughout the species' ranges. Species tended to shift their centroids at a faster rate towards regions that are warming at slower velocities but increasing in precipitation velocity. Surprisingly, species' thermal niche breadth (range of climates butterflies experience throughout their distribution) and wingspan (often used as a metric for dispersal capability) were not correlated with the rate at which species shifted their ranges. We observed a high phylogenetic signal in the direction species shifted their centroids. However, we found no phylogenetic signal in the rate species shifted their centroids, suggesting less conserved processes determine the rate of range shift than the direction species shift their ranges. This research shows important signatures of multidirectional range shifts (latitudinal and longitudinal) and uniquely shows that local climate change velocities are more important in driving range shifts than the mean climate change velocity throughout a species' entire range.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.