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33 results for “resprouting”
Data from: Fuelwood sustainability revisited: integrating size structure and resprouting into a spatially realistic fuelshed model
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Data from: Resprouter fraction in Cape Restionaceae assemblages varies with climate and soil type
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Data from: Introducing resprouters to enhance Mediterranean forest resilience: importance of functional traits to select species according to a gradient of pine density
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Data from: Interactions between rainfall, fire and herbivory drive resprouter vital rates in a semi-arid ecosystem
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Effects of frequent fire and mowing on resprouting shrubs of Florida, USA, scrub
Background: Resprouting is an effective strategy for persistence of perennial plants after disturbances such as fire. However, can disturbances be so frequent that they limit resprouting? We examined the effects of fire and mowing frequency on eight species of resprouting shrubs (three oaks (Quercus chapmanii, Q. inopina, Q. geminata), three ericaceous species (Lyonia fruticosa, L. lucida, Vaccinium myrsinites), and two palmettos (Sabal etonia, Serenoa repens)) in Florida scrub using a factorial field experiment. We burned or mowed plots at four disturbance return intervals (DRI) – either annually, biennially, every three years, or once in six years (with all plots being treated in the sixth year to control for time-since-disturbance). We analyzed plant growth responses (height, aboveground biomass, number of stems) based on sampling pre-treatment, and six months, one, two, and four years post-treatment. We also measured non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) and soil properties to evaluate these factors as potential drivers of resprouting responses. Results: Fire temperatures were hot (mean maxima 414-698 C among burn days), typical of larger fires in Florida scrub. Plant biomass and heights were affected by DRI (being suppressed by frequent disturbance, especially initially) and varied among species with palmettos recovering biomass faster and species within the same genus generally showing similar responses. Biomass recovery in mown vs. burned treatments showed comparable effects of DRI and similar trajectories over time. Numbers of stems were affected by DRI, disturbance type, and species. Stems increased after disturbances, especially with less frequent disturbances and mowing, and subsequently declined over time. NSC concentrations varied among species and over time and was positively related to biomass. One-year post-disturbance, soil moisture and organic matter content were higher in mown plots, while pH was higher in burned plots. Given the slightly lower eleva
Data from: Extreme prescribed fire during drought reduces survival and density of woody resprouters
Management intervention in ecosystems with degraded environmental services requires innovative resource management strategies that go beyond conventional restoration and conservation practices. We established a unique study that experimentally targeted extreme fire conditions during drought in humid subtropical and semiarid ecoregions. In the southern Great Plains of North America, conventional restoration and conservation practices have been either historically ineffective or economically cost prohibitive at restoring grass-dominated ecosystems following conversion to resprouting shrublands. Our aim was to assess the potential for extreme fire during drought to force the system along an alternate ecological trajectory from its current progression toward closed-canopy resprouting shrubland, something conventional fire prescriptions have been unable to accomplish. We first tested the potential for high intensity fires exhibiting extreme behaviour to disrupt the progression from grassland to shrubland. In both ecoregions, significant levels of mortality were observed for mature woody resprouters. As a result, densities were either maintained or reduced three years following extreme fire treatments, whereas resprouter densities continued to increase in areas that were not burned. A second interventionist approach involving extreme fire and herbicide treatment combinations was not supported. Interactions between prescribed extreme fire and herbicide did not significantly reduce resprouter densities more than using herbicide alone at either site. Synthesis and applications: Extreme fires during drought resulted in exceptionally high levels of mortality across all sizes of woody resprouters and limited recruitment, resulting in 35–55% lower densities of resprouters than in areas not burned. These findings counter prevailing scientific and management expectations, which are based largely on studies that impose tight controls over prescribed fire conditions and avoid extreme fire behaviour. Future interventions for controlling woody resprouters with fire may require rethinking the present ideology that extreme fire behaviour has no place in modern social-ecological landscapes.
Data from: Relationships between resprouting ability, species traits, and resource allocation patterns in woody species in a temperate forest
Many woody plants resprout to restore above-ground biomass after disturbances or to survive in stressful environments. Resprouting requires carbohydrate storage, but the general relationship between resource allocation patterns and resprouting ability remains unclear because it can be influenced by the disturbance regime to which species have adapted. We studied deciduous broadleaved trees that coexist in a Japanese cool-temperate forest to investigate the relationships among the biomass and total non-structural carbohydrate (TNC) allocation patterns of saplings, resprouting ability and functional traits. The study species comprised 16 single-stemmed species that only resprout when above-ground biomass loss occurs and eight multi-stemmed species that resprout regardless of whether above-ground damage occurs or not. Single-stemmed species with better juvenile resprouting ability had larger roots, whereas multi-stemmed species with better juvenile resprouting ability did not necessarily depend on below-ground reserves. Species that retain their ability to resprout until a larger size had a higher root TNC content as saplings, suggesting that they can survive major disturbances such as fire and coppicing by resprouting supported by TNC stored in their roots. Species with shade-tolerant traits (i.e. low foliar nitrogen indicating low photosynthetic capacity, high wood density indicating high defensive investment) had small below-ground TNC reserves irrespective of resprouting types. On the other hand, multi-stemmed species with high wood density and high LMA (indicating high photosynthetic capacity) had small above-ground TNC reserves. Contrary to our hypothesis, a species' maximum size did not relate to the size of its below-ground reserves. By considering the differences in resprouting types, we suggest more complex control of resprouting than was formerly proposed. Variation in the resprouting ability of single-stemmed species was based on a trade-off between below-ground reserves for resprouting and shade-tolerant traits. However, multi-stemmed species can vigorously resprout irrespective of the size of its below-ground reserves. Their multi-stemmed architecture, well-defended wood, high photosynthetic capacity or large above-ground carbohydrate reserves seem to respectively contribute to their persistence. Such variation in the resprouting strategy based on a trade-off between shade tolerance and resource storage would promote species coexistence under a range of disturbance regimes and light environments.
Data from: Drought then wildfire reveals a compound disturbance in a resprouting forest
<p class="MsoNormal">The frequency and intensity of forest disturbances such as drought and fire are increasing globally, with an increased likelihood of multiple disturbance events occurring in short succession. Disturbances layered over one another may influence the likelihood or intensity of subsequent events (a linked disturbance) or impact response and recovery trajectories (a compound disturbance), with substantial implications for ecological spatiotemporal vulnerability. This study evaluates evidence for disturbance interactions of drought followed by wildfire in a resprouting eucalypt-dominated forest (the Northern Jarrah Forest) in southwestern Australia.<span> </span>Sites were stratified by drought (high, low) from previous modelling and ground validation, and fire severity (high, moderate, unburnt) via remote sensing using the relative difference normalised burn ratio (RdNBR). Evidence of a linked disturbance was assessed via fine fuel consumption and remotely sensed fire severity (RdNBR). Compound disturbance effects were quantified at stand scale (canopy height, quadratic mean diameter, stem density) and at the stem scale (mortality).<span> </span>There was no evidence of prior drought influencing fine fuel consumption or fire severity, hence no evidence of a linked disturbance.<span> </span>However, compound disturbance effects were evident; stands previously affected by drought experienced smaller shifts in canopy height, quadratic mean diameter, and stem density than stands without prior drought impact. At the stem scale, size and fire severity were the strongest determinants of stem survival. Proportional resprouting height was higher in high drought sites than in low drought sites (p<0.01), thus, structurally, the low drought stands decreased in height more than the high drought stands. Thus, a legacy of the drought was evident after the wildfire. While these resprouting eucalypt forests have been regarded as particularly resilient, this study illustrates how multiple disturbances can overwhelm the larger tree component and promote an abundance of smaller stems. We suggest that this is early evidence of a structural destabilisation of these forests under a more fire prone, hotter and drier future climate.</p>
Data from: Measuring biomass and carbon stock in resprouting woody plants
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Data from: Extreme prescribed fire during drought reduces survival and density of woody resprouters
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Data from: Relationships between resprouting ability, species traits, and resource allocation patterns in woody species in a temperate forest
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Data from: Drought then wildfire reveals a compound disturbance in a resprouting forest
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P. canariensis Resprouting
GEO Series GSE205852. Pinus taeda; Pinus canariensis. 9 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
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