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2,225 results for “reversal”
Relyea, R. A. 2000. Trait-mediated indirect effects in larval anurans: Reversing competition with the threat of predation. Ecology 81:2278-2289.
Ecologists recently have been focusing on the role that trait-mediated indirect effects can have on community structure and composition. To date, this work has primarily focused on the effects of predator-induced behavioral plasticity on communities. However, predator-induced morphological plasticity, which has been documented in many taxa, might also lead to trait-mediated indirect effects. Here, I examined how predators altered the behavior and morphology of larval wood frogs (Rana sylvatica) and leopard frogs (R. pipiens) and how these phenotypic changes altered the outcome of competition between the two species. Competition in the absence of caged predators was asymmetric; when reared separately, leopard frogs grew more than wood frogs, but when competing (without predators), wood frogs grew faster than leopard frogs. The presence of caged predators reversed the outcome of competition between the two anuran prey. In the presence of larval dragonflies (Anax spp.) or caged mudminnows (Umbra limi), leopard frogs grew faster than wood frogs while total tadpole biomass production remained unchanged. Thus, there was a predator-mediated indirect effect. Because predators alter both the behavior and morphology of larval anurans and both of these traits are known to affect resource consumption and growth, both are potential mechanisms to explain the change in competitive outcome. Changes in behavior were not related to changes in growth, but changes in morphology (specifically mouth width and tail length) were related to changes in growth. When competitors were added (without predators), wood frogs increased their mouth width by 10% and their tail length by 3%, while leopard frogs increased their mouth width by 5% and did not change their tail length. The greater increase in mouth width for wood frogs should increase their forage intake, since tadpoles feed by scraping periphyton; the importance of a 3% longer tail in competitive ability is unknown. The presence of the p
Numerical modeling of the seismic cycle for normal and reverse faulting earthquakes in Italy
<p>Results of the numerical models expressed in terms of nodal stresses, strains and displacements.</p> <p>Data Set S1. Nodal values of the modelled displacements for the L’Aquila 2009 earthquake.</p> <p>Data Set S2. Nodal values of the modelled strain tensor for the L’Aquila 2009 earthquake.</p> <p>Data Set S3. Nodal values of the modelled stress tensor for the L’Aquila 2009 earthquake.</p> <p>Data Set S4. Nodal values of the modelled displacements for the Norcia 2016 earthquake.</p> <p>Data Set S5. Nodal values of the modelled strain tensor for the Norcia 2016 earthquake.</p> <p>Data Set S6. Nodal values of the modelled stress tensor for the Norcia 2016 earthquake.</p> <p>Data Set S7. Nodal values of the modelled displacements for the Emilia 2012 earthquake.</p> <p>Data Set S8. Nodal values of the modelled strain tensor for the Emilia 2012 earthquake.</p> <p>Data Set S9. Nodal values of the modelled stress tensor for the Emilia 2012 earthquake.</p>
Sealing in terracotta impressed with a cast of a Yaudheya coin; coarse granular on the reverse
<p>Sealing in terracotta impressed with a cast of a Yaudheya coin; coarse granular on the reverse. British Museum 1892,1014.50.b.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Sealing in terracotta impressed with a cast of a Yaudheya coin; smooth on the reverse.
<p>Sealing in terracotta impressed with a cast of a Yaudheya coin; smooth on the reverse. British Museum 1892,1014.50.e.</p>
Sealing. Circular sealing in terracotta with a standing bull and inscription (Yaudheya?) above; on the reverse the impression of a document
<p>Sealing. Circular sealing in terracotta with a standing bull and inscription (Yaudheya?) above; on the reverse the impression of a document. British Museum 1880.100.</p>
Reversible H2 oxidation and evolution by hydrogenase embedded in a redox polymer film
<p>This data set contains the source data of the nature catalysis manuscript NATCATAL-20033655A.</p> <p>All files are named according to the respective figure numbers of the manuscript. </p>
Reversible H2 oxidation and evolution by hydrogenase embedded in a redox polymer film
<p>This Upload contains the source data sets of all measurements shown in the Nature Catalysis manuscript NATCATAL-20033655A.</p> <p>All folder and file names correspond to the respective figure numbers of the manuscript.</p>
"Reversible on-surface wiring of resistive circuits", raw data used in figures.
<p>Supporting information associated with the publication "Reversible on-surface wiring of resistive circuits", <em>Chem. Sci.</em>, <strong>2017</strong>, DOI: 10.1039/c7sc00599g. Files contain the raw data used in preparation of the figures.</p>
MAGE Model Simulation of the Pre-reversal Enhancement and Comparison with ICON and Jicamarca ISR Observations
The dataset contains the MAGE simulations files and observational data used in the paper along with a plotting routine to read the files. The dataset covers a 1.25 degree by 1.25 degree space horizontally, 0.25 degree space vertically, at altitudes between 97 and 600 kilometers globally.
Potential near-term wetting of the Southwestern United States if the Eastern Pacific cooling trend reverses
<p>Data for the manuscript "Potential near-term wetting of the Southwestern United States if the Eastern Pacific cooling trend reverses."</p>
Data from: Deep mutational scanning of HBV reveals a mechanism for cis preferential reverse transcription
<p>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a small double-stranded DNA virus that chronically infects 296 million people. Over half of its compact genome encodes protein in two overlapping reading frames, and during evolution, multiple selective pressures can act on shared nucleotides. This study combines an RNA-based HBV cell culture system with deep mutational scanning to uncouple <em>cis-</em> and <em>trans</em>-acting sequence requirements in the HBV genome. The results support a leaky ribosome scanning model for polymerase translation, provide a fitness map of the HBV polymerase at single nucleotide resolution, and identify conserved prolines adjacent to the HBV polymerase termination codon that stall ribosomes. Further experiments indicated that stalled ribosomes tether the nascent polymerase to its template RNA, ensuring <em>cis</em>-preferential RNA packaging and reverse transcription of the HBV genome.</p>
Data from: Dominance reversals and the maintenance of genetic variation
<p>Beneficial reversals of dominance reduce the costs of genetic trade-offs and can enable selection to maintain genetic variation for fitness. Beneficial dominance reversals are characterized by the beneficial allele for a given context (<em>e.g.</em> habitat, developmental stage, trait, or sex) being dominant in that context but recessive where deleterious. This context-dependence at least partially mitigates the fitness consequence of heterozygotes carrying one non-beneficial allele for their context and can result in balancing selection that maintains alternative alleles. Dominance reversals are theoretically plausible and are supported by mounting empirical evidence. Here we highlight the importance of beneficial dominance reversals as a mechanism for the mitigation of genetic conflict and review the theory and empirical evidence for them. We identify some areas in need of further research and development and outline three methods (dominance ordination, allele-specific expression, and allele-specific ATAC-Seq) that could facilitate the identification of antagonistic genetic variation. There is ample scope for the development of new empirical methods as well as reanalysis of existing data through the lens of dominance reversals. A greater focus on this topic will expand our understanding of the mechanisms that resolve genetic conflict and whether they maintain genetic variation.</p>
Electrochemical data plotted in A. Fasano, V. Fourmond and C. Léger, « Outer-sphere effects on the O2 sensitivity, catalytic bias and catalytic reversibility of hydrogenases », Chem. Sc. (2024). doi: 10.1039/D4SC00691G
<p>Text files of the electrochemical data plotted in A. Fasano, V. Fourmond and C. Léger, « Outer-sphere effects on the O2 sensitivity, catalytic bias and catalytic reversibility of hydrogenases », Chem. Sc. (2024) (<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/D4SC00691G" target="_blank" rel="noopener">doi: 10.1039/D4SC00691G)</a></p>
Whole-body physiology model to simulate respiratory depression of fentanyl and associated naloxone reversal
<p>Opioid use in the United States and abroad is an endemic part of society with yearly increases in overdose rates and deaths. As rates of overdose incidence increase, the use of the safe and effective reversal agent, naloxone, in the form of a nasal rescue spray is being fielded and used by emergency medical technicians (EMTs) at a greater and greater rate. Despite advances in the deployment of these rescue products, deaths are continuing to increase. There is evidence that repeated dosing of a naloxone nasal spray (such as Narcan) is becoming more common due to the amount and type of opiate being administered. Despite the benefits of naloxone related to opioid reversals, we lack repeated dosing guidelines as a function of opiates and the amount the patient has taken. Goal-directed rescue dosing, where respiratory markers such as oxygen saturation or end-tidal carbon dioxide, are being used as an indication of the patient's recovery. These rescue methods require time, training, and understanding by the EMT to administer with most patients receiving naloxone doses with no follow-up or additional monitoring. To measure repeat dosing guidelines, we construct a whole-body model of the pharmacokinetics and dynamics of an opiate, fentanyl on respiratory depression. We then construct a model of nasal deposition and administration of naloxone to investigate repeat dosing requirements for large overdose scenarios. We demonstrate that naloxone is highly effective at reversing the respiratory symptoms of the patient and recommend dosing requirements as a function of the fentanyl amount administered. By designing the model to include circulation and respiration we investigate physiological markers that may be used in goal-directed therapy rescue treatments.</p>
Data from: Variation in nuptial colour in relation to sex, individual quality and mating success in the sex-role reversed red phalarope (Phalaropus fulicarius)
<p>In most bird species, males are more ornamented and compete for females, who contribute more to offspring care. In a minority of species this pattern is reversed, with more colourful females competing for mates and males taking care of parental duties. In such sex-role reversed species, the links between colourful ornamentation, individual quality and mating success are not well established. The red phalarope (<em>Phalaropus fulicarius</em>) is a colourful sex-role reversed migratory shorebird with regular social polyandry, in which both sexes show considerable colour variation. Here, we describe sex differences in colour and quantify associations between colour variation and indicators of quality and mating success in both sexes. Using a large sample of photos collected across three consecutive years on the Arctic breeding grounds, we scored colour variation for four body parts (bill, crown, cheek and breast), and analysed scores separately and combined into an overall colour score. Females were more colourful and larger than males, and individuals could be unambiguously sexed by crown colour. Nevertheless, there was substantial variation within sexes and some overlap between males and females in bill, cheek, breast, and overall colour scores. Assortative mating by colour was only found for the bill. Colour variation did not correlate with plasma testosterone levels, except for male cheek colour. Females in better body condition had yellower bills and higher overall colour scores, while early-arriving birds had higher breast and overall scores. Phalaropes that bred locally were heavier than those that did not, but they did not have higher colour scores. Female colour variation did not predict the probability of local social polyandry nor variation in clutch size, and male coloration did not predict the probability of nest predation. In conclusion, phalarope colour variation showed modest correlations with individual quality and was unrelated to variation in local reproductive success. </p>
1964 flamenca negra guitar from Faustino Conde - documentation and reverse engineered construction plans
<p>This data set documents a specific guitar made by Faustino Conde in Madrid in 1964.<br>(Comment: Felipe Conde identified the handwriting of Mariano Conde in the "Conde" signature on the label inside, the signature of his father. This does not necessarily mean that the guitar was built by Mariano, since experts believe, that it was the brother Faustino who built these kind of special guitars, as it has also been the case for the flamenca negra guitars).</p> <p>The guitar is a so-called flamenca negra, a flamenco guitar with rosewood used for rib and back plate.<br>(Errata: the guitar was sold as a flamenca negra, and experts in Granada also believed it is a flamenca negra. However, Felipe Conde now inspected the guitar and states that the instrument has been built as a classical guitar with only some changes in the setup that might lead to other conclusions. It is not clear whether this setup is original from Conde or whether the guitar has been changed in an aftermath.)</p> <p>The guitar has the exceptional character of showing four main resonances between the Helmholtz resonance (A0) and the first air mode (A1), while other guitars usually have one or two resonances in the same range.<br>This is observable across a wider range of old and contemporary guitars, documented in an archive.<br>Mores, R. 2021a. ‘Archive for the acoustical documentation of classical Spanish guitars, flamenco guitars and romantic guitars from private and public collections – bridge mobility’. <em>Zenodo</em>,<br><a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4604577" target="_blank" rel="noopener">doi: 10.5281/zenodo.4604577</a>.<br>This observation triggered a research project to understand this.</p> <p>The resulting analytical model reveals the delicate tuning of related parameters in the construction, published in the Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, JASA. <br>Mores, R. 2021. ‘Sound tuning in asymmetrically braced guitars’. <em>J. Acoust. Soc. Am.</em> 149(2), 1041–1057.<br><a href="https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0003378" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0003378</a>.<br>This model explains how to design multiple resonances into a guitar so that the fundamental tone is suported for every semitone played. The model matches with findings not only of this Conde guitar but explains tuning issues in general. There should be a translation into Spanish in due time.</p> <p>A brief talk (English) explains the main issues and demonstrates the congruence between the analysis and an mechanical model, build for demonstration purposes.<br>Mores, R. 2020a. ‘Tuning signature modes in guitars - a lesson by Faustino Conde’. <em>Zenodo</em>, <br><a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4624826" target="_blank" rel="noopener">doi: 10.5281/zenodo.4624826</a>.</p> <p>Supporting material (coded in MATLAB) allows researchers and guitar makers to explore the issue.<br>Mores, R. 2020. ‘Tuning asymmetrically braced guitars - analytical models and MATLAB code’, <em>Zenodo</em>, <br><a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4010596" target="_blank" rel="noopener">doi: 10.5281/zenodo.4010596</a>.</p> <p>This publication documents the construction plans of the Faustino Conde guitar.<br>Guitar makers asked for these plans to understand the principles of parameter tuning based on the construction. The documentation comprises:<br>1. construction plans (high resolution)<br>2. photos of the total instrument<br>3. photos of details inside </p> <p>***</p> <p>Comments on the guitar for those who consider to build this guitar model.<br>1. The guitar is original. Also the top and the mechanics. Experts in Granada, while inspecting the varnish, believed that the top plate might have been modified. However, Felipe Conde (*1959) states that the guitar is original. This also includes the fretboard. The fretboard height is declining towards the body and this caused questions by Granadian guitar makers. However, in the workshop of the Conde family several inspected guitars from the 50s through the 70s revealed a likewise decline of the height.<br>2. Felipe Conde inspected the guitar. He believes that the guitar is an experimental guitar and that it has been built as a customized guitar for a highly professional musician. But there are no records on this.<br>3. The setup of the guitar has been modified. The height of the bridge is lowered where the bone sits. This can be inspected in the construction plan. It is not known whether this was done by Conde himself or by someone else in an aftermath. Experts in Granada but also members of the Conde family state that the present setup is perfect.</p>
Spreadsheet with reverse analysis routine for STC assessment in electrolyzers with CO2RR example data
<p>Supplementary material to manuscript "Unfolding electrolyzer characteristics to reveal solar-to-chemical efficiency potential: rapid analysis method bridging electrochemistry and photovoltaics " accepted for publication to ChemSusChem journal in November 2024<br>Authors: Oleksandr Astakhov, Therese Cibaka, Lars Wieprecht, Uwe Rau, Tsvetelina Merdzhanova IMD-3 Photovoltaics Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany<br>Version 5 14.11.2024<br>Contact: Oleksandr Astakhov email: o.astakhov@fz-juelich.de<br>Calculation of maximum STC (solar to chemical efficiency, same as STF - solar to fuel efficiency) in photovoltaic-driven electrolyzers (PV-EC) <br>The analysis addresses any type of PV-EC systems with direct and indirect coupling<br>Coupling efficiency ηC is treated as a constant explicitly. Set ηC to be 100% to evaluate the limit of STC the electrolyzer can achieve<br>The analysis is performed towards individual products. If EC produces several products each of them must be analysed in a separate table<br>STC dependencies for three major parameters PV-efficiency, Irradiance G and PV-to-EC area ratio AR are calculated<br>Example dataset is for EC cell for CO2 reduction with data presented for CO as a product</p>
Dataset of the publication: Iron(II) Complexes of 2,6-Di[4-(ethylcarboxy)pyrazol-1-yl]pyridine with Reversible Guest-Modulated Spin-Crossover Behavior
<p>Dataset of the publication: Iron(II) Complexes of 2,6-Di[4-(ethylcarboxy)pyrazol-1-yl]pyridine with Reversible Guest-Modulated Spin-Crossover Behavior</p> <p>DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.2c01524</p> <p>V. García-López, H. El Mansour El Jastimi, J. Juráková, M. Clemnte-León, E. Coronado</p> <p><em>Cryst. Growth Des. 2023, 23, 4, 2730–2738</em></p>
Dataset of the publication: Reversible tuning of luminescence and magnetism in a structurally flexible erbium-anilato MOF
<p>Dataset of the publication: Reversible tuning of luminescence and magnetism in a structurally flexible erbium-anilato MOF</p> <p>DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00769j</p> <p>N. Monni, J. J. Baldoví, V. García-López, M. Oggianu, E. Cadoni, F. Quochi, M. Clemente-León, ML. Mercuri, E. Coronado</p> <p>Chem. Sci., 13, 25,7419-7428 (2022)</p>
Raw microscopy data from: Endoplasmic reticulum stress activates human IRE1α through reversible assembly of inactive dimers into small oligomers
<p>Protein folding homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is regulated by a signaling network, termed the unfolded protein response (UPR). Inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) is an ER membrane-resident kinase/RNase that mediates signal transmission in the most evolutionarily conserved branch of the UPR. Dimerization and/or higher-order oligomerization of IRE1 are thought to be important for its activation mechanism, yet the actual oligomeric states of inactive, active, and attenuated mammalian IRE1 complexes remained unknown. We developed an automated two-color single-molecule tracking approach to dissect the oligomerization of tagged endogenous human IRE1 in live cells. In contrast to previous models, our data indicate that IRE1 exists as a constitutive homodimer at baseline and assembles into small oligomers upon ER stress. We demonstrate that the formation of inactive dimers and stress-dependent oligomers is fully governed by IRE1's lumenal domain. Phosphorylation of IRE1's kinase domain occurs more slowly than oligomerization and is retained after oligomers disassemble back into dimers. Our findings suggest that assembly of IRE1 dimers into larger oligomers specifically enables trans- autophosphorylation, which in turn drives IRE1's RNase activity.</p> <p> </p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.