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Fig. 5 in A new species of Copionodon representing a relictual occurrence of the Copionodontinae (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), with a CT-scan imaging survey of key subfamilial features
Fig. 5. Copionodon exotatos, paratype, MZUSP 121656, basibranchials and hypobranchials, dorsal view. Grey areas represent cartilage. Abbreviations: BB2-4, basibranchials 2 to 4; HB1-3, hypobranchials 1 to 3. Scale bar = 1 mm.
Fig. 4 in A new species of Copionodon representing a relictual occurrence of the Copionodontinae (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), with a CT-scan imaging survey of key subfamilial features
Fig. 4. Copionodon exotatos, paratype, MZUSP 121656, opercle and interopercle, right side, lateral view. Abbreviations: OPOD, opercular odontodes; OP, opercle; INT, interopercle. Scale bar = 1 mm.
Replication Data for: "Parabolic Diamond Scanning Probes for Single-Spin Magnetic Field Imaging
<p>Data repository for: <strong>Parabolic Diamond Scanning Probes for Single-Spin Magnetic Field Imaging</strong></p> <ul> <li><em>DataDescription.pdf</em><strong><em>: </em></strong>describes the uploaded data</li> <li><em>Data (folder): </em>folder containing <em>data.xlsx</em>, which summarizes all the data plotted in the paper as well as additional imaging and simulation data sets</li> <li><em>Code (folder): </em> contains Matlab code for converting and plotting certain data sets</li> </ul>
IODP Expedition 366 Scanning electron microscope images
<p>Microscopic images of discrete samples were acquired using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and captured as image files. These files were uploaded along with a brief description and a record of the microscopic conditions when the image was taken.</p>
Metadata for Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy Images of Monoculture and Mixed-Species Biofilms Formed by Bacterial Isolates of Dairy Origin
<p>In a project conducted by ILVO (Belgium), a wide variety of bacterial species were recovered from the surface of a dairy pasteurizer after cleaning and disinfection (C&D). The biofilm-forming ability of these bacteria was determined in both single-species and various mixed-culture combinations. Some work related to this study has been published in Frontiers: "Synergistic interactions in multispecies biofilm combinations of bacterial isolates recovered from diverse food processing industries". Bacterial species were mixed in different combinations to assess the community biofilm mass and growth dynamics of individual species. ILVO and the University of Copenhagen conducted experiments aimed at revealing the structural characteristics and spatial organization of bacterial species within different mixed-species biofilms. In our research, we employed oligonucleotide FISH probes, each conjugated with a unique fluorescent dye: Cy5 for <em>Stenotrophomonas rhizophila</em> (B68), Cy3 for <em>Bacillus licheniformis</em> (B65), and FAM for <em>Microbacterium lacticum</em> (B30). C1 combination refers to a combination containing B68 and B30. </p> <p><span>Images of the biofilms formed on the coupons were captured using a confocal laser scanning microscope (LSM 800, Zeiss) with a Plan-Apochromat 63x/1.4 oil-immersion objective. Z-stacks were recorded to obtain three-dimensional (3D) images. Standard images were made with an image size of 1024 × 1024 pixels, corresponding to physical dimensions of 101.4 × 101.4 μm for each image. For each image, two separate channels were applied to detect any dual-species combination using a flexible detector (GaAsP-PMT) in the LSM 800 system. Representative 3D views of images were generated using the 3D model function in the ZEN system 3.7.</span></p> <p>Biofilms were grown in BHI for 24 h on plastic coupons. The samples were imaged at different time points: 6h, 12h, 18h and 24h. Each samples had three replicates and for each replicate imaging was performed from 3-6 different positions. </p> <p>Details of the oligonucleotide probes are given below:</p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p><strong><span>Name of the species</span></strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong><span>Sequences</span></strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong><span>Max. excitation</span></strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong><span>Max. emission</span></strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong><span>Fluorophores</span></strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p><em><span>S. rhizophila</span></em><span> B68<span> </span></span></p> </td> <td> <p><span>GGGCCTTTACCCCGCCA</span></p> </td> <td> <p><span>649 nm</span></p> </td> <td> <p><span>670 nm</span></p> </td> <td> <p><span>Cy5</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p><em><span>B. licheniformis</span></em><span> B65</span></p> </td> <td> <p><span>ACCGCCTGCGCGCGCTT</span></p> </td> <td> <p><span>550 nm</span></p> </td> <td> <p><span>570 nm</span></p> </td> <td> <p><span>Cy3</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p><em><span>M. lacticum</span></em><span> B30</span></p> </td> <td> <p><span>CCCCACCCTTTCGCTCC</span></p> </td> <td> <p><span>495 nm</span></p> </td> <td> <p><span>520 nm</span></p> </td> <td> <p><span>FAM</span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table>
Scanning electron microscope images of Dunaliela tertiolecta and Phaeodactylum tricornutum cultures and scanning electron microscope images and cryogenic electron microscope images of isolated small cellular particles from respective conditioned media
<p>Scanning electron microscope images of cultures of microalgae<em> Dunaliela</em><em> </em><em>tertiolecta</em><em> </em>and <em>Phaeodactylum</em><em> </em><em>tricornutum</em><em> </em>and scanning electron microscope images and cryogenic electron microscope images of isolated small cellular particles from respective conditioned media are presented. Each image is supplemented by description of the preparation of the sample and the data on the imaging technique and equipment. The data are curated by Veronika Kralj-Iglic and Anna Romolo, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
IODP Expedition 352 Scanning electron microscope images
<p>Microscopic images of discrete samples were acquired using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and captured as image files. These files were uploaded along with a brief description and a record of the microscopic conditions when the image was taken.</p>
Text-fig. 5. Mastixiopsis nyssoides KIRCHH. a, b, g–n: Organic preservation. a, b: Lignitic, unpermineralized, early Eocene Dorset Pipe clays at Arne, V. 40762. a: Ventral view (original illustration from pl. 18, fig. 1 of Chandler 1962). b: Transverse fracture, somewhat distorted by compression. c–f: Pyrite permineralization. c: Ventral view, V. 22963(1) from Sheppey, originally listed as Mastixia cantiensis. d: Lateral view, V. 22969 from Sheppey (identified as Mastixia grandis by Reid and Chandler 1933: pl. 25, fig. 8). e: Equatorial transverse physical section from (c). f: Equatorial transverse physical section from (d). g: Detail of pericarp from (e), showing endocarp formed of dense fibrous tissue, surrounded by mesocarp of anticlinally oriented larger cells. h: Detail of pericarp from (f). i–n: Type material from Eocene of Riestadt, Germany, MNB. i: Ventral view. j, k: Ventral and apical views of holotype. l: View of the transversely fractured surface from (j) showing horseshoe shaped locule. m: Equatorial transverse physical cut of the specimen in (i); note yellow resin cavity (arrow). n: Scanning electron microscopy of pericarp from (l) with locule lining at lower edge of image. Note dense endocarp tissue composed of small cells (fibres and sclereids), extending about 3/5 of distance to periphery, surrounded by mesocarp of larger, anticlinally oriented cells. Scale bars 1 cm in (a–f), (i–k), 1 mm in (g), 2 mm in (h), 3 mm in (l), m, 250 Μm in (n). Bar in (d) applies also to (c). Bar in (l) also applies to (m). Bar in (i) also applies to (j) and (k). in Mastixioid Fruits (Cornales) From The Early Eocene London Clay Flora: Morphology, Anatomy And Nomenclatural Revision
Text-fig. 5. Mastixiopsis nyssoides KIRCHH. a, b, g–n: Organic preservation. a, b: Lignitic, unpermineralized, early Eocene Dorset Pipe clays at Arne, V. 40762. a: Ventral view (original illustration from pl. 18, fig. 1 of Chandler 1962). b: Transverse fracture, somewhat distorted by compression. c–f: Pyrite permineralization. c: Ventral view, V. 22963(1) from Sheppey, originally listed as Mastixia cantiensis. d: Lateral view, V. 22969 from Sheppey (identified as Mastixia grandis by Reid and Chandler 1933: pl. 25, fig. 8). e: Equatorial transverse physical section from (c). f: Equatorial transverse physical section from (d). g: Detail of pericarp from (e), showing endocarp formed of dense fibrous tissue, surrounded by mesocarp of anticlinally oriented larger cells. h: Detail of pericarp from (f). i–n: Type material from Eocene of Riestadt, Germany, MNB. i: Ventral view. j, k: Ventral and apical views of holotype. l: View of the transversely fractured surface from (j) showing horseshoe shaped locule. m: Equatorial transverse physical cut of the specimen in (i); note yellow resin cavity (arrow). n: Scanning electron microscopy of pericarp from (l) with locule lining at lower edge of image. Note dense endocarp tissue composed of small cells (fibres and sclereids), extending about 3/5 of distance to periphery, surrounded by mesocarp of larger, anticlinally oriented cells. Scale bars 1 cm in (a–f), (i–k), 1 mm in (g), 2 mm in (h), 3 mm in (l), m, 250 Μm in (n). Bar in (d) applies also to (c). Bar in (l) also applies to (m). Bar in (i) also applies to (j) and (k).
Text-fig. 8. Carpolithes (a–t). a–e: Carpolithes sp. 1. USNM PAL 772366. Scale bar = 1 cm. a: Lateral view of endocarp, note two longitudinal ridges. b: Lateral view of endocarp rotated 90° from (a), note single lateral ridge in center, a, b reflected light, palladium coated. c: Lateral view, Micro-CT scan surface rendering. d: View of rounded end of the endocarp, reflected light, palladium coated. e: View of the opposite (pointed) end of the endocarp, note split; reflected light, palladium coated. f–j: Carpolithes sp. 2. USNM PAL 772367. Scale bar = 5 mm. f: Lateral view, base down; note raphe-like structure (arrow), reflected light, palladium coated. g: Lateral view, the raphe-like structure extending vertically from the base. h: Lateral view, rotated 90° from (g). i: Lateral view, the opposite face to that in (h). j: Basal view, raphe-like structure running from the center to the right of the image. g–j: CT scan surface renderings. k–o: Carpolithes sp. 3 USNM PAL 772368. Scale bar = 5 mm. k: Ventral view of the specimen, note flared apical extension, reflected light, uncoated. l: Dorsal view illustrating the flared apical extension, rotated 180o from (k). m: Lateral view rotated 90° from that in (l). n: Apical view, the apical extension with central pore (arrow) and a clear lineation running down the side to the top of the image. o: Basal view. l–o: Micro-CT scan surface renderings. p–t: Carpolithes sp. 4. USNM PAL 772369. Scale bar = 3 mm. p: Basal view illustrating the concentric rings of radiating possible cells surrounding a central depression. q: Lateral view, base down, note possible cellular pattern. r: Lateral view, rotated 180° from (q), base down; p–r: reflected light, palladium coated. s, t: Basal and lateral views, micro-CT scan surface renderings. in The Early Middle Eocene Wagon Bed Carpoflora Of Central Wyoming, U.S.A.
Text-fig. 8. Carpolithes (a–t). a–e: Carpolithes sp. 1. USNM PAL 772366. Scale bar = 1 cm. a: Lateral view of endocarp, note two longitudinal ridges. b: Lateral view of endocarp rotated 90° from (a), note single lateral ridge in center, a, b reflected light, palladium coated. c: Lateral view, Micro-CT scan surface rendering. d: View of rounded end of the endocarp, reflected light, palladium coated. e: View of the opposite (pointed) end of the endocarp, note split; reflected light, palladium coated. f–j: Carpolithes sp. 2. USNM PAL 772367. Scale bar = 5 mm. f: Lateral view, base down; note raphe-like structure (arrow), reflected light, palladium coated. g: Lateral view, the raphe-like structure extending vertically from the base. h: Lateral view, rotated 90° from (g). i: Lateral view, the opposite face to that in (h). j: Basal view, raphe-like structure running from the center to the right of the image. g–j: CT scan surface renderings. k–o: Carpolithes sp. 3 USNM PAL 772368. Scale bar = 5 mm. k: Ventral view of the specimen, note flared apical extension, reflected light, uncoated. l: Dorsal view illustrating the flared apical extension, rotated 180o from (k). m: Lateral view rotated 90° from that in (l). n: Apical view, the apical extension with central pore (arrow) and a clear lineation running down the side to the top of the image. o: Basal view. l–o: Micro-CT scan surface renderings. p–t: Carpolithes sp. 4. USNM PAL 772369. Scale bar = 3 mm. p: Basal view illustrating the concentric rings of radiating possible cells surrounding a central depression. q: Lateral view, base down, note possible cellular pattern. r: Lateral view, rotated 180° from (q), base down; p–r: reflected light, palladium coated. s, t: Basal and lateral views, micro-CT scan surface renderings.
РИС. 8. Примеры проблем с иЗображением при работе на СЭМ. А, В. Засветка раЗличных частей раковин глохидиев (А. Anodonta anatina (=Colletopterum), оЗ. Красное, ХакасиЯ. В. Inversiunio reinianus, оЗ. Бива, о-в Хонсю, ЯпониЯ). C. РаЗнаЯ скорость сканированиЯ (слева – очень быстраЯ, справа – медленнаЯ) наружной поверхности глохидиЯ (Anodonta cygnea, р. Ялма, МосковскаЯ обл.). D. Артефакты в виде гориЗонтальных полос вследствие накоплениЯ отрицательного ЗарЯда при недостаточном напылении внутренней поверхности глохидиЯ (Nodularia douglasiae, ПетровскаЯ протока, бассейн р. Амур, Хабаровский кр.). МасШтаб 50 мкм (А, В), 2 мкм (С), 5 мкм (D). Микроскопы Zeiss EVO 40 (А, С, D), Zeiss MERLIN (В), напыление углеродом (А, С), хромом (В, D). FIG. 8. Illustration of different problems with SEM images. A, B. Overall illumination of some glochidia shells parts (A. Anodonta anatina (= Colletopterum), Krasnoe Lake, Khakassia. B. Inversiunio reinianus, Biwa Lake, Honshu Island, Japan). C. Different scanning speed (faster on the left and slower on the right) of the exterior glochidia valve (Anodonta cygnea, Yalma River, Moscow Oblast). D. Artifacts as horizontal stripes because of additional accumulation of a negative charge due to insufficient coating of the interior glochidia valve (Nodularia douglasiae, Petrovskaya channel, Amur River basin, Khabarovsk Krai). Scale bars 50 μm (A, B), 2 μm (C), 5 μm (D). Zeiss EVO 40 (A, C, D) and Zeiss MERLIN (B) microscopes, sputter coating with carbon (A, C) and chromium (B, D). in Методика подготовки раковин глохидиев (Bivalvia, Unionidae) длЯ работы на сканируюЩем Электронном микроскопе
РИС. 8. Примеры проблем с иЗображением при работе на СЭМ. А, В. Засветка раЗличных частей раковин глохидиев (А. Anodonta anatina (=Colletopterum), оЗ. Красное, ХакасиЯ. В. Inversiunio reinianus, оЗ. Бива, о-в Хонсю, ЯпониЯ). C. РаЗнаЯ скорость сканированиЯ (слева – очень быстраЯ, справа – медленнаЯ) наружной поверхности глохидиЯ (Anodonta cygnea, р. Ялма, МосковскаЯ обл.). D. Артефакты в виде гориЗонтальных полос вследствие накоплениЯ отрицательного ЗарЯда при недостаточном напылении внутренней поверхности глохидиЯ (Nodularia douglasiae, ПетровскаЯ протока, бассейн р. Амур, Хабаровский кр.). МасШтаб 50 мкм (А, В), 2 мкм (С), 5 мкм (D). Микроскопы Zeiss EVO 40 (А, С, D), Zeiss MERLIN (В), напыление углеродом (А, С), хромом (В, D). FIG. 8. Illustration of different problems with SEM images. A, B. Overall illumination of some glochidia shells parts (A. Anodonta anatina (= Colletopterum), Krasnoe Lake, Khakassia. B. Inversiunio reinianus, Biwa Lake, Honshu Island, Japan). C. Different scanning speed (faster on the left and slower on the right) of the exterior glochidia valve (Anodonta cygnea, Yalma River, Moscow Oblast). D. Artifacts as horizontal stripes because of additional accumulation of a negative charge due to insufficient coating of the interior glochidia valve (Nodularia douglasiae, Petrovskaya channel, Amur River basin, Khabarovsk Krai). Scale bars 50 μm (A, B), 2 μm (C), 5 μm (D). Zeiss EVO 40 (A, C, D) and Zeiss MERLIN (B) microscopes, sputter coating with carbon (A, C) and chromium (B, D).
◂Fig.15 Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) showing transverse rows of dentition on Dinaride Zospeum and Iberozospeum radulae; (a) Z. pretneri, (NMBE 553290), Gornja Cerovačka pećina, Croatia, transverse rows of teeth on long, slender basal plates (bp), rachidian (r) and lateral teeth (l), arrows indicate medial grooves on mesocones of individual teeth; (b) Z. isselianum, NMBE 553389, Turjeva jama, Slovenia, ibid.; (c) Iberozospeum sp. (RMNH.MOL.234,116), Cueva a Sul, straight transverse rows of small, seemingly bi-cuspid lateral teeth (l) with reduced mesocones on compact basal plates; (d) ibid., close up view of rachidian teeth (r), lateral fang-like teeth (l) and transitional teeth (t); (e) I. vasconicum, (AJC 1848), Cueva Ermita de Sandaili, rachidian teeth (r) flanked by 4-cuspid lateral teeth (l), C. ibazoricum-like in form; (f) Iberozospeum sp. (RMNH. MOL.234108), Cueva la Torcona, lateral teeth showing reduced mesocones (me) flanked by long, fang-like endo- and ectocones (e), rachidian tooth (r) (flipped over in upper righthand corner of image); (g) I. zaldivarae (AJC 1876a), Cueva de Las Paúles, transverse rows of teeth showing varying cusp lengths; (h) ibid., close up view (left to right) of marginal (m) and transitional teeth (t) on short, compact basal plates (bp). — Magnification varies for each perspective, see scale bars; all Figs taken by M. Ruppel, (ret.) Goethe University Frankfurt am Main in Molecular investigation and description of Iberozospeum n. gen., including the description of one new species (Eupulmonata, Ellobioidea, Carychiidae)
◂Fig.15 Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) showing transverse rows of dentition on Dinaride Zospeum and Iberozospeum radulae; (a) Z. pretneri, (NMBE 553290), Gornja Cerovačka pećina, Croatia, transverse rows of teeth on long, slender basal plates (bp), rachidian (r) and lateral teeth (l), arrows indicate medial grooves on mesocones of individual teeth; (b) Z. isselianum, NMBE 553389, Turjeva jama, Slovenia, ibid.; (c) Iberozospeum sp. (RMNH.MOL.234,116), Cueva a Sul, straight transverse rows of small, seemingly bi-cuspid lateral teeth (l) with reduced mesocones on compact basal plates; (d) ibid., close up view of rachidian teeth (r), lateral fang-like teeth (l) and transitional teeth (t); (e) I. vasconicum, (AJC 1848), Cueva Ermita de Sandaili, rachidian teeth (r) flanked by 4-cuspid lateral teeth (l), C. ibazoricum-like in form; (f) Iberozospeum sp. (RMNH. MOL.234108), Cueva la Torcona, lateral teeth showing reduced mesocones (me) flanked by long, fang-like endo- and ectocones (e), rachidian tooth (r) (flipped over in upper righthand corner of image); (g) I. zaldivarae (AJC 1876a), Cueva de Las Paúles, transverse rows of teeth showing varying cusp lengths; (h) ibid., close up view (left to right) of marginal (m) and transitional teeth (t) on short, compact basal plates (bp). — Magnification varies for each perspective, see scale bars; all Figs taken by M. Ruppel, (ret.) Goethe University Frankfurt am Main
◂Fig. 14 Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) showing radular ribbon form, middle adhesive zone (az) and rows of dentition (rd) of Dinaride and Iberian individuals (notation denotes aspects on one Dinaride Zospeum and one Iberozospeum ribbon); (a) Z. exiguum (NMBE 553384), Križna jama, Slovenia (45.7452, 14.4673), long and narrow, tapered anterior end (tae), short adhesive zone (az), bottom furled with narrow obtuse or straight base (nosb); (b) Z. pretneri, (NMBE 553290), Gornja Cerovačka pećina, Croatia (44.2701, 15.8855), ibid., with straight base; (c) I. vasconicum, (AJC 1848), Cueva Ermita de Sandaili (42.9994, -2.4381), moderately long and broad, tapered anterior end (tae), prominent adhesive zone (az), straight base (sb); (d) I. zaldivarae, (AJC 1876), Cueva de Las Paúles (43.1282, -2.7362), ibid.; (e) Iberozospeum sp. (RMNH.MOL. 234,109), Cueva de la Foz, long and broad, ibid; (f) Iberozospeum sp., (RMNH.MOL. 234,144), Cueva de Rales, very long and broad, ibid; (g) Iberozospeum sp., (RMNH.MOL. 234,116), Cueva a Sul, long and broad, ibid; (h) Iberozospeum sp., (RMNH.MOL. 234,108), Cueva de Torcona, very long and broad, ibid. — Magnification varies for each perspective, see scale bars; all Figs imaged by M. Ruppel, (ret.) Goethe University Frankfurt am Main in Molecular investigation and description of Iberozospeum n. gen., including the description of one new species (Eupulmonata, Ellobioidea, Carychiidae)
◂Fig. 14 Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) showing radular ribbon form, middle adhesive zone (az) and rows of dentition (rd) of Dinaride and Iberian individuals (notation denotes aspects on one Dinaride Zospeum and one Iberozospeum ribbon); (a) Z. exiguum (NMBE 553384), Križna jama, Slovenia (45.7452, 14.4673), long and narrow, tapered anterior end (tae), short adhesive zone (az), bottom furled with narrow obtuse or straight base (nosb); (b) Z. pretneri, (NMBE 553290), Gornja Cerovačka pećina, Croatia (44.2701, 15.8855), ibid., with straight base; (c) I. vasconicum, (AJC 1848), Cueva Ermita de Sandaili (42.9994, -2.4381), moderately long and broad, tapered anterior end (tae), prominent adhesive zone (az), straight base (sb); (d) I. zaldivarae, (AJC 1876), Cueva de Las Paúles (43.1282, -2.7362), ibid.; (e) Iberozospeum sp. (RMNH.MOL. 234,109), Cueva de la Foz, long and broad, ibid; (f) Iberozospeum sp., (RMNH.MOL. 234,144), Cueva de Rales, very long and broad, ibid; (g) Iberozospeum sp., (RMNH.MOL. 234,116), Cueva a Sul, long and broad, ibid; (h) Iberozospeum sp., (RMNH.MOL. 234,108), Cueva de Torcona, very long and broad, ibid. — Magnification varies for each perspective, see scale bars; all Figs imaged by M. Ruppel, (ret.) Goethe University Frankfurt am Main
CT-Scan Image Dataset of Residual Fluid-Driven Fracture in a Molasse de Villarlod Sandstone Core - Post-Radial Hydraulic Fracture Experiment - M04 Sample
<h3><strong>Dataset Description</strong></h3> <p>This dataset contains high-resolution CT-scan images that capture the residual fracture surface within a core sample of Molasse de Villarlod Sandstone. The core sample was extracted after conducting a radial hydraulic fracture experiment on a 25 × 25 × 25 cm cubic block of sandstone (M04 Smaple). The experiment was designed to simulate fluid-driven fracture propagation and closure, and the resulting fracture path was preserved in the core sample.</p> <p><strong>Core Location in the M04 Cube Sample:</strong></p> <ul> <li><strong>Z:</strong> 12.5 cm</li> <li><strong>South-North:</strong> 12.5 cm</li> <li><strong>West-East:</strong> 13.5 cm to 23.3 cm (Coring direction)</li> </ul> <p>This spatial information specifies the exact location and orientation of the core extraction within the M04 cube sample.</p> <h4><strong>CT-scan instrument details:</strong></h4> <p>The M04 sample was analyzed using an X-ray micro-CT scanner (RX-Solutions Ultratom) under consistent scanning protocols and parameters. A reflective 230 kV microfocus X-ray source (Hamamatsu L10801) equipped with a 0.2 mm thick copper filter, a tungsten cathode, and a tungsten target was employed for the imaging process. The scans were conducted with a voltage of 120 kV and a current intensity of 80 mA.</p> <p>The volume data acquisition was performed in continuous helical mode, ensuring complete coverage of the sample’s height. For sample M04, 5 full rotations were executed, with 1312 projections captured for each 360° rotation, allowing for highly precise volume reconstruction. The X-ray beam attenuation was recorded by an XL Varex Paxscan 2530HE plane detector with a resolution of 2176 x 1792 pixels, and an exposure time of 0.50 seconds per projection.</p> <p>The acquired projections were processed using RX-Solutions X-act software with Filtered Backprojection to reconstruct a corrected volume. This reconstruction yielded approximately 9000 slices in 16-bit TIFF format, with voxel dimensions of 10 x 10 x 10 microns, providing detailed insights into the internal structure of the sample.</p> <h4><strong>Key Features:</strong></h4> <ul> <li> <p><strong>Fracture Characteristics</strong>: The fracture observed in the CT-scans represents a residual opening that remains post-fracturation. It is entirely contained within the core, showcasing the internal fracture geometry resulting from the hydraulic fracturing process.</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>CT-Scan Details</strong>: The CT-scans were taken perpendicular to the fracture surface, offering a detailed cross-sectional view of the fracture at different depths. This orientation is critical for accurately capturing the fracture morphology and allows for the reconstruction of the fracture surface in 3D.</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Material Information</strong>: The core sample is composed of Molasse de Villarlod Sandstone, a sedimentary rock which is porous (18% porosity) and permeable. This material choice is relevant for studying fracture closure subjected to the leak-off of the fluid inside the porous medium.</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Experimental Context</strong>: The radial hydraulic fracture experiment aimed to simulate the propagation of hydraulic fracture and its closure due to the leakage of fluid inside fracture into the porous medium. The dataset provides valuable insights into fracture propagation patterns, surface roughness, and the effects of fluid-driven fractures in porous media.</p> </li> </ul> <h4><strong>Applications:</strong></h4> <p>This dataset is particularly valuable for researchers and engineers involved in:</p> <ul> <li>Fracture mechanics and surface characterization</li> <li>3D reconstruction and visualization of fracture surfaces</li> <li>Surface roughness analysis</li> <li>Hydraulic fracturing studies</li> <li>Geomechanical modeling</li> </ul> <h4><strong>File Structure:</strong></h4> <p>The dataset is organized into zip-folder contains .tif images corresponding to different depths within the core. Each tif-image is a CT-scan for that specific depth, labeled according to their position along the fracture path.</p> <h4><strong>Processing code:</strong></h4> <p>Follow the <strong>URL repository</strong> in the software section to access to the code for processing these images and reconstructing the fracture surfaces.</p> <p><strong>Acknowledgment:</strong></p> <p>We would like to extend our deepest thanks to Gary Perrenoud, Albert Taureg, and Lionel Pittet, the technical specialists of the PIXE platform at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL). Their expertise and support in operating the CT-scan machine were important to the success of this research. We greatly appreciate their dedication and the high-quality work they provided.</p> <p><strong>Contact and Support:</strong></p> <p>Email:</p> <p>Brice Lecampion: brice.lecampion@epfl.ch</p> <p>Mohsen Talebkeikhah: m.talebkeikhah@gmail.com</p>
Biological performance of a bioabsorbable Poly (L-Lactic Acid) produced in polymerization unit: in vivo studies - HEMATOXYLIN&EOSIN, MASSON AND CT SCAN IMAGES
<p>CT, hematoxylin & eosin and masson staining images of the animals in the experimental biocompatibility study.</p> <p>Groups at 6 months post implantation and groups at 9 months post implantation.</p> <p>In addition to the subgroups lesion with PLLA and lesion without PLLA</p>
Text-fig. 54. Scanning electron microscope (SEM; a–e, g, h) and synchrotron x-ray microscopy (SRXTM; f, i) images of unnamed angiosperm fruits and seeds; Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Follicle sp. 1, narrow elongate follicle with sessile and decurrent stigma; b) Follicle sp. 2, broad, dehisced follicle with elongate and transverse fibers lining the locule; c) Angiosperm seed sp. 1 with thin, smooth seed coat; d) Angiosperm seed sp. 2 with verrucate seed coat; e) Angiosperm seed sp. 3 with exotestal and foveolate seed coat; f) Angiosperm seed sp. 4 with smooth seed coat; g, h) Angiosperm seed sp. 5 with raised epidermal cells forming a reticulate pattern; i) Wedge-shaped angiosperm fruit with remains of floral parts near apex. Specimens, TV43-S136726 (a), TV44-S148144 (b), TV43-S170074 (c), TV43-S136747 (d), TV43-S170073 (e), TV38-S174615 (f), TV44-S148003 (g), TV44-S148004 (h), TV43-S174685 (i). Scale bars 300 Μm (a–i). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Torres Vedras (Ne Of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis Of An Early Angiosperm Community
Text-fig. 54. Scanning electron microscope (SEM; a–e, g, h) and synchrotron x-ray microscopy (SRXTM; f, i) images of unnamed angiosperm fruits and seeds; Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Follicle sp. 1, narrow elongate follicle with sessile and decurrent stigma; b) Follicle sp. 2, broad, dehisced follicle with elongate and transverse fibers lining the locule; c) Angiosperm seed sp. 1 with thin, smooth seed coat; d) Angiosperm seed sp. 2 with verrucate seed coat; e) Angiosperm seed sp. 3 with exotestal and foveolate seed coat; f) Angiosperm seed sp. 4 with smooth seed coat; g, h) Angiosperm seed sp. 5 with raised epidermal cells forming a reticulate pattern; i) Wedge-shaped angiosperm fruit with remains of floral parts near apex. Specimens, TV43-S136726 (a), TV44-S148144 (b), TV43-S170074 (c), TV43-S136747 (d), TV43-S170073 (e), TV38-S174615 (f), TV44-S148003 (g), TV44-S148004 (h), TV43-S174685 (i). Scale bars 300 Μm (a–i).
Text-fig. 53. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of tricolpate pollen of Nicholsia brevicolpites gen. et sp. nov. from a coprolite containing several kinds of pollen; Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Detail of the coprolite that yielded the tricolpate pollen in this Text-figure showing several different kinds of pollen grains; b–d) Tricolpate pollen grains in polar (b) and equatorial (c, d) views showing colpi, coarsely granular aperture membrane and foveolate tectum. Specimen, TV44-S137906-03 (holotype; a–d). Scale bars 30 Μm (a), 6 Μm (b–d). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Torres Vedras (Ne Of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis Of An Early Angiosperm Community
Text-fig. 53. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of tricolpate pollen of Nicholsia brevicolpites gen. et sp. nov. from a coprolite containing several kinds of pollen; Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Detail of the coprolite that yielded the tricolpate pollen in this Text-figure showing several different kinds of pollen grains; b–d) Tricolpate pollen grains in polar (b) and equatorial (c, d) views showing colpi, coarsely granular aperture membrane and foveolate tectum. Specimen, TV44-S137906-03 (holotype; a–d). Scale bars 30 Μm (a), 6 Μm (b–d).
Text-fig. 50. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of a flower and mature carpels of Reyanthus lusitanicus gen. et sp. nov.; Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Holotype; multicarpellate flower showing numerous carpels surrounded by remains of the androecium and perianth; note the bract subtending the flower (arrowhead); b, c) Longitudinal sections perpendicular to section in (f) (b, SRXTM orthoslice xz0461) and (c, SRXTM cut voltex xz0540-0580) showing receptacle, carpels and remains of the androecium and perianth; note prominent cavities formed by the oil cells, subtending bract (arrow) and bract subtending fragmentary bud (arrowhead); d, e) Apical (d) and lateral (e) views of gynoecium showing laterally flattened carpels and dorsi-ventrally flattened stamen or staminode (* in e); f) Longitudinal section (SRXTM orthoslice yz0405) of gynoecium showing conical receptacle and carpels with densely spaced oil cells; g, h) Mature carpel of Reyanthus lusitanicus gen. et sp. nov. showing slightly curved form, rounded apex and base that tapers toward the attachment to the receptacle; i) Surface of carpel showing embedded oil cells; j) Transverse section through three carpels showing attachment of developing ovules near the ventral sutures and oil cells in the wall just below the surface (SRXTM cut voltex xy0770-0845). Specimens TV299-S136716 (holotype; a–f), TV299-S136717 (g–j). Scale bars 300 Μm (a–d, f–h), 150 Μm (e, j), 30 Μm (i). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Torres Vedras (Ne Of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis Of An Early Angiosperm Community
Text-fig. 50. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of a flower and mature carpels of Reyanthus lusitanicus gen. et sp. nov.; Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Holotype; multicarpellate flower showing numerous carpels surrounded by remains of the androecium and perianth; note the bract subtending the flower (arrowhead); b, c) Longitudinal sections perpendicular to section in (f) (b, SRXTM orthoslice xz0461) and (c, SRXTM cut voltex xz0540-0580) showing receptacle, carpels and remains of the androecium and perianth; note prominent cavities formed by the oil cells, subtending bract (arrow) and bract subtending fragmentary bud (arrowhead); d, e) Apical (d) and lateral (e) views of gynoecium showing laterally flattened carpels and dorsi-ventrally flattened stamen or staminode (* in e); f) Longitudinal section (SRXTM orthoslice yz0405) of gynoecium showing conical receptacle and carpels with densely spaced oil cells; g, h) Mature carpel of Reyanthus lusitanicus gen. et sp. nov. showing slightly curved form, rounded apex and base that tapers toward the attachment to the receptacle; i) Surface of carpel showing embedded oil cells; j) Transverse section through three carpels showing attachment of developing ovules near the ventral sutures and oil cells in the wall just below the surface (SRXTM cut voltex xy0770-0845). Specimens TV299-S136716 (holotype; a–f), TV299-S136717 (g–j). Scale bars 300 Μm (a–d, f–h), 150 Μm (e, j), 30 Μm (i).
Text-fig. 47. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of reticulate-foveolate pollen on the surface of a fruit of Serialis antiquum; Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a, b) Pollen grain showing angular outline and tectum perforated by foveolae of different sizes; note the braided tectum ornamentation formed by aggregations of small ridges (b); aperture not known; c, d) Pollen grain showing angular outline, tectum perforated by foveolae that become smaller toward the presumed pole; note the relatively smooth tectum and faint pattern of braiding ridges (d); aperture not known. Specimens, TV43-S171535-01 (a, b), TV43-S171535-02 (c, d). Scale bars 6 Μm (a, c), 1 Μm (b, d). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Torres Vedras (Ne Of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis Of An Early Angiosperm Community
Text-fig. 47. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of reticulate-foveolate pollen on the surface of a fruit of Serialis antiquum; Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a, b) Pollen grain showing angular outline and tectum perforated by foveolae of different sizes; note the braided tectum ornamentation formed by aggregations of small ridges (b); aperture not known; c, d) Pollen grain showing angular outline, tectum perforated by foveolae that become smaller toward the presumed pole; note the relatively smooth tectum and faint pattern of braiding ridges (d); aperture not known. Specimens, TV43-S171535-01 (a, b), TV43-S171535-02 (c, d). Scale bars 6 Μm (a, c), 1 Μm (b, d).
Text-fig. 48. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of monocolpate pollen from a coprolite; Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Coprolite that yielded the pollen in this Text-figure as well as several other kinds of pollen; b) Reticulum of pollen grain showing the tall, sharp muri and obconical columellae; c–e) Grains of Goczania inaequalis sp. nov. intermixed with pollen grains that have a coarse, loosely attached reticulum with tall, sharp muri and sparse columellae; note the weak transverse striations on the muri and that the reticulum is much larger than the main body of the grain that it encloses. Specimen, TV44-S148023. Scale bars 300 Μm (a), 6 Μm (c–e), 3 Μm (b). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Torres Vedras (Ne Of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis Of An Early Angiosperm Community
Text-fig. 48. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of monocolpate pollen from a coprolite; Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Coprolite that yielded the pollen in this Text-figure as well as several other kinds of pollen; b) Reticulum of pollen grain showing the tall, sharp muri and obconical columellae; c–e) Grains of Goczania inaequalis sp. nov. intermixed with pollen grains that have a coarse, loosely attached reticulum with tall, sharp muri and sparse columellae; note the weak transverse striations on the muri and that the reticulum is much larger than the main body of the grain that it encloses. Specimen, TV44-S148023. Scale bars 300 Μm (a), 6 Μm (c–e), 3 Μm (b).
Text-fig. 45. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of monocolpate pollen of Dinisia portugallica gen. et sp. nov. from a fragmentary stamen; Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Holotype; stamen fragment showing elongated pollen sacs that yielded the pollen in this Text-figure; b) Two pollen grains showing poorly defined distal aperture (arrowhead) and distinctive vermiform reticulum forming luminae of variable shapes and sizes; note especially the irregularly and incomplete reticulum in the grain on the left; c) Reticulum showing smooth, vermiform muri attached to the smooth surface of the foot layer by long columellae; note that columellae often terminate segments of muri that are not closed; d, e) Pollen grains showing proximal surface (d), poorly defined distal aperture (e, arrowhead) and distinctive vermiform reticulum supported by long columellae; note dense covering of small, spherical orbicules on the inner surface of the anther wall. Specimen, TV44-S148216 (holotype). Scale bars 300 Μm (a), 6 Μm (b, d, e), 3 Μm (c). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Torres Vedras (Ne Of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis Of An Early Angiosperm Community
Text-fig. 45. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of monocolpate pollen of Dinisia portugallica gen. et sp. nov. from a fragmentary stamen; Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Holotype; stamen fragment showing elongated pollen sacs that yielded the pollen in this Text-figure; b) Two pollen grains showing poorly defined distal aperture (arrowhead) and distinctive vermiform reticulum forming luminae of variable shapes and sizes; note especially the irregularly and incomplete reticulum in the grain on the left; c) Reticulum showing smooth, vermiform muri attached to the smooth surface of the foot layer by long columellae; note that columellae often terminate segments of muri that are not closed; d, e) Pollen grains showing proximal surface (d), poorly defined distal aperture (e, arrowhead) and distinctive vermiform reticulum supported by long columellae; note dense covering of small, spherical orbicules on the inner surface of the anther wall. Specimen, TV44-S148216 (holotype). Scale bars 300 Μm (a), 6 Μm (b, d, e), 3 Μm (c).
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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