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3,796 results for “seeds”
Data - Ant identity determines the fungi richness and composition of a myrmecochorous seed
<p>Data set and analyse used in the manuscript title "<span>Ant </span><span>identity determines the fungi richness and composition of myrmecochorous seeds". In this manuscript w<span>e explore the effects of seed manipulation on fungi communities promoted by two ants with contrasting effects on seed germination and antimicrobial strategies. We hypothesize that i) seeds manipulated by <em>Atta sexdens</em> (increase seed germination and has broad cleaning strategies) will present lower fungi richness than those manipulated by <em>Acromyrmex subterraneus</em> (impair seed germination and has narrow cleaning strategies); <span>ii) seeds manipulated by </span><em>A. sexdens </em>and<em> Ac. subterraneus </em>will present<em> </em>dissimilar<em> </em><span>fungi composition. </span>We tested the hypotheses by identifying fungi morphotypes present in three groups of seeds: i) manipulated by <em>Atta sexdens</em>; ii) manipulated by <em>Ac. subterraneus</em>; iii) unmanipulated. </span></span><span>From the seeds manipulated by ants, we randomly take a sub-sample of 20 seeds per nest to evaluate the fungi community. We also took 20 unmanipulated seeds (the ones left outside each experimental nest). Therefore, we had three seed treatment groups: <span><span> </span></span>i) manipulated by <em>A. sexdens</em> (20 seeds per nest = 80 seeds)<em>;</em> ii) manipulated by <em>Ac. Subterraneus</em> (20 seeds per nest = 80 seeds)<em> </em>and iii) control - unmanipulated seeds left outside of each experimental nest (20 seeds outside of each nest = 160 seeds).</span><span>To allow the fungi growth on seeds, we placed each seed separately on sterile Petri dishes (90 x15 mm) filled with 15 ml of Potato-Dextrose-Agar (PDA) culture medium. We then transported each Petri dish to a Bio-Oxygen-Demand incubator (BOD) at 25°C for 28 days. After that period, we sampled the fungi and prepared microscope slides for each fungus morphotype found in each Petri dish. We identified the fungi to the lower taxonomic level possible using “The genera of Hyphomycetes” <span><span>(Seifert et al. 2011)</span></span> and the website mycobank.org . We used this method because it is widely used to identify pathogens in seeds, has a low cost and has good specificity to identify fungi<span> </span>. Furthermore, PDA medium is a non-selective fungi growth media suitable for a broad range of fungi species.</span></p> <p><span><span> </span></span></p>
Ecological, flowering phenology, morphological and seed production of three sympatric dioecious Chamaedorea palms from Costa Rica
<p>The data in the file was used to estimate the factors shaping seed production in three sympatric dioecious Chamaedorea palms in Costa Rica during the 2011-2012 season. The file contains the following fields:</p> <ol> <li>Species. The name of the species: C. costaricana, C. macrospadix and C. tepejilote</li> <li>ID. Identifier for each studied individual female plant.</li> <li>infl. Identifier for each sampled inflorescence from each sampled female.</li> <li>census.date: flowering date of each inflorescence.</li> <li>days.since.oct14: number of days since the first Chamaedorea inflorescence flowered.</li> <li>days.since.1st.flr: number of days since the first Chamaedorea inflorescence of each species flowered.</li> <li>sync.costa: flowering overlap with C. costaricana males.</li> <li>sync.macro: flowering overlap with C. macrospadix males.</li> <li>sync.tepe: flowering overlap with C. tepejilote males.</li> <li>neartest.female: distance to the nearest synchronously flowering <span>conspecific </span>female.</li> <li>male.5m: number of synchronously flowering <span>conspecific </span>male individuals in a 5m radius</li> <li>male.10m: number of synchronously flowering <span>conspecific </span>male individuals in a 10m radius</li> <li>female.5m.edco: number of synchronously flowering <span>conspecific </span>female individuals in a 5m radius, after applying Ripley's (1977) edge correction.</li> <li>female.10m.edco: number of synchronously flowering <span>conspecific </span>female individuals in a 10m radius, after applying Ripley's (1977) edge correction.</li> <li>male.5m.edco: number of synchronously flowering <span>conspecific </span> male individuals in a 5m radius, after applying Ripley's (1977) edge correction.</li> <li>male.10m.edco: number of synchronously flowering <span>conspecific </span>male individuals in a 10m radius, after applying Ripley's (1977) edge correction.</li> <li>no.stems: specific for C. costaricana, number of stems per individual.</li> <li>height: height of the flowering stem in cm.</li> <li>leaves: number of leaves of the flowering stem</li> <li>leaflets: number of leaflets of the youngest leaf of the flowering stem</li> <li>leaf.rachis: length in cm of the youngest leaf of the flowering stem</li> <li>floral.rachis: length in cm of the inflorescence's rachis</li> <li>peduncle: length in cm of the inflorescence's peduncle</li> <li>no.spikes: number of spikes of the inflorescence</li> <li>no.flowers: number of flowers per inflorescence</li> <li>no.fruits: number of single-seeded fruits per inflorescence</li> </ol>
Neither alpha-synuclein-preformed fibrils derived from patients with GBA1 mutations nor the host murine genotype significantly influence seeding efficacy in the mouse olfactory bulb
<p>Data sets for;</p> <p>Neither alpha-synuclein-preformed fibrils derived from patients with <em>GBA1</em> mutations nor the host murine genotype significantly influence seeding efficacy in the mouse olfactory bulb</p>
Data for publication 'Detection of Artificial Seed-like Objects from UAV Imagery'
<p>This resource contains the datasets supporting the model development as published in the article 'Detection of Artificial Seed-like Objects from UAV Imagery' (https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15061637).</p> <p>In the last two decades, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology has been widely utilized as an aerial survey method. Recently, a unique system of self-deployable and biodegradable microrobots akin to winged achene seeds was introduced to monitor environmental parameters in the air above the soil interface, which requires geo-localization. This research focuses on detecting these artificial seed-like objects from UAV RGB images in real-time scenarios, employing the object detection algorithm YOLO (You Only Look Once). Three environmental parameters, namely, daylight condition, background type, and flying altitude, were investigated to encompass varying data acquisition situations and their influence on detection accuracy. Artificial seeds were detected using four variants of the YOLO version 5 (YOLOv5) algorithm, which were compared in terms of accuracy and speed. The most accurate model variant was used in combination with slice-aided hyper inference (SAHI) on full resolution images to evaluate the model’s performance. It was found that the YOLOv5n variant had the highest accuracy and fastest inference speed. After model training, the best conditions for detecting artificial seed-like objects were found at a flight altitude of 4 m, on an overcast day, and against a concrete background, obtaining accuracies of 0.91, 0.90, and 0.99, respectively. YOLOv5n outperformed the other models by achieving a mAP0.5 score of 84.6% on the validation set and 83.2% on the test set. This study can be used as a baseline for detecting seed-like objects under the tested conditions in future studies.</p>
Spatially resolved metabolic composition in seeds of common bean: comparison of the low phytic acid mutant and the wild type
<p>Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seeds are a good source of energy, are rich in proteins and carbohydrates, minerals and vitamins (such as Fe, Zn, B-vitamin), and bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols. However, the presence of some antinutritional compounds, such as phytic acid (PA), which decreases mineral bioavailability, can limit the nutritional value of common beans. Therefore, genotypes with low PA concentrations in common beans have been generated. The increased bioavailability of Fe from LPA mutant seeds compared to the wild type common beans was shown in a stable Fe-isotope absorption study in Swiss women, indicating that the seeds of LPA common bean could be used to help remedy the Fe malnutrition in women. Within this TNA project, we spatially resolved molecular composition in LPA mutant and wild-type common beans, particularly the distribution of PA. In total, three replicates of each genotype were analyzed with MeV-SIMS at RBI. Positive and negative modes were operated for analysis of the samples and of the standard (PA). Best spectra were obtained in negative mode, in which three distinct peaks were observed in the standard (PA): 63 m/z: PO2-, 79 m/z: PO3- and 97 m/z: H2PO4-.</p>
Climate based seed zones for Mexico: spatial grids to guide reforestation under observed and projected climate change
<p>This database entry provides climate-based seed zone system for Mexico to address climate change observed over the last 30 years and projected climate change for the 2050s. The database corresponds to a journal publication by Castellanos-Acuña et al. (2018), available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-017-9620-6. This seed zone classification is based on bands of two climate variables that have often been shown to drive genetic adaptation of tree species: mean coldest month temperature (MCMT), and an aridity index (AHM). MCMT was divided into ten bands of 3°C intervals, with the limits of these bands being, temperatures below <2°C, 2-5°, 5-8°, 8-11°, 11-14°, 14-17°, 17-20°, 20-23°, 23-26°, >26°C. AHM was divided into seven bands with intervals that are approximately equal width under a log-transformation: <20, 20-30, 30-45, 45-65, 65-95, 95-140, and >140 °C/mm. The gridded files provided in this database entry, the classes are coded as integer numbers, with the last digit representing the AHM class (1-7) and the first or first and second digit representing the MCMT class (1-10).</p>
Dung removal and secondary seed dispersal data
<p>The datasets are described in the following data paper:<br> <br> Tanja Milotić, Christophe Baltzinger, Carsten Eichberg, Amy Eycott, Marco Heurich, Jörg Müller, Jorge Ari Noriega, Rosa Menendez, Jutta Stadler, Réka Ádám, Tessa Bahiga Bargmann, Isabelle Bilger, Jörn Buse, Joaquin Calatayud, Constantin Ciubuc, Gergely Boros, Marie Hauso, Pierre Jay-Robert, Märt Kruus, Enno Merivee, Geoffrey Miessen, Anne Must, Elham Omidzadeh Ardali, Elena Preda, Iraj Rahimi, Dirk Rohwedder, Eleanor M. Slade, László Somay, Pejman Tahmasebi, Stefano Ziani, Maurice Hoffmann (2018) Dung beetle assemblages and associated dung removal and secondary seed dispersal: data from a large-scaled multi-site experiment in the Western Palaearctic. Frontiers of Biogeography, Volume 10, Issue 1-2.</p>
Data from: Long-term effects of meadow management on seed bank diversity and composition
<p>Aims: Oligotrophic grasslands are habitats that host among the most diverse plant communities in Europe. Altering management regimes by either intensifying or ceasing management is known to decrease plant diversity. Yet, despite its importance for the recovery of plant communities after disturbances, little is known about whether seed banks are also affected by changes in management. Here, we investigate the effect of management practices on a meadow seed bank using a long-term manipulative experiment. We focus on the response of the seed bank to the treatments, and the relationship between the seed bank and the vegetation response.</p> <p>Methods: The study was conducted in a species-rich wet meadow. The experiment consists of a factorial combination of fertilization, mowing, and removal of the dominant species. After 20 years of management, the seed bank was sampled seasonally at two soil layer depths. Standing vegetation was recorded in June at the peak of vegetation.</p> <p>Results: All seed bank characteristics varied between soil layers. Mowing decreased seed density and diversity, while fertilization significantly affected the species composition. Dominant removal had no effect on the seed bank. While seed bank diversity was not correlated to vegetation diversity, individual species’ responses to mowing and fertilization were positively correlated in the seed bank and the vegetation.</p> <p>Conclusions: Our results show that long-term management influences the seed bank down to 10 cm of soil depth. Whereas mowing apparently reduced seed density and diversity, the effects of fertilization on these characteristics were harder to interpret. After 20 years, most species had concordant responses to both mowing and fertilization, indicating a low legacy of previous management regimes on the seed bank. Our study reveals that the intensification of grassland management has a profound effect on plant diversity by directly affecting plant communities and their seed bank-driven recovery potential.</p>
Data for the "Does prognostic seeding along flight tracks produce the desired effects of cirrus cloud thinning?" manuscript
<p>Tar file of the data used to prepare the plots and write the text in: "Does prognostic seeding along flight tracks produce the desired effects of cirrus cloud thinning?" manuscript for submission to ACP.</p> <p>A description of each netcdf file is provided in the README file. The format of each file is in netcdf4</p>
Data from: Seed origin and warming constrain lodgepole pine recruitment, slowing the pace of population range shifts
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
FRAME (FoRests Among Managed Ecosystems) – Plant community and seed bank composition in forests, Philadelphia metropolitan area, USA, 2017-2019
Our study objectives were to conduct a Rosa multiflora (multiflora rose) removal experiment in three forest sites experiencing different invasion intensities and to restore native plant biodiversity while preventing secondary invasion. The study was conducted in and around Newark, DE, from 2017-2019, and data collection is complete. We utilized three management strategies: invasive plant removal, removal followed by native seed addition, and removal plus native seed and mulched invasive stem addition. We investigated the similarity between seed bank species composition and existing vegetation before and after removal to assess the potential for passive restoration. Two seasons after removal, we found that simply removing rose increased native species richness, Native Floristic Quality Assessment (FQAIN), and native shrub abundance in our medium invasion site, and total species richness in our low and medium invasion sites. Compared to removal alone, native seed addition, with and without mulch addition, resulted in larger native and total species richness and FQAIN increases at all sites, larger increases in native shrub abundance and exotic species richness in our medium invasion site, and larger reductions in exotic and total shrub abundance in our low and medium invasion sites. Following removal, species similarity between seed bank and vegetation improved for all three sites. Our results indicate that removal of Rosa multiflora (multiflora rose) alone increased native plant biodiversity in the medium invasion scenario, but the seed bank may not provide a large native species pool. Additional management strategies lead to improved outcomes, especially in our most invaded forest, demonstrating the need to conduct multiple plant removal treatments across forests with varying site conditions and plant invasion intensity to improve management recommendations.
Rainforest phenology: flower, fruit and seed production from biweekly collections of 200 traps in the Yasuní Forest Dynamics Plot, Ecuador, 2000-2018
We provide data on flowering and fruiting phenology from an equatorial, ever-wet rainforest in eastern Ecuador, in Yasuni National Park. This is the first long-term study (18 years) of phenology in a diverse equatorial neotropical forest. Although the site is ever-wet, there is some seasonal variation in rainfall and irradiance. One major question was to determine whether the seasonal variation in climate was sufficient to drive seasonality in reproduction in this hyper-diverse forest. The study began in 2000 with various funding, and became an LTREB-funded project in 2006. We used twice monthly censuses of 200 traps to document phenology. Parts of >1000 species were identified in the traps in the 18 year period (ending early in 2018), including trees, shrubs, lianas and epiphytes. Parts identified included buds, flowers, mature fruits and mature seeds, and aborted, damaged and immature fruits and seeds. The project is on-going, and additional data will be added as it is processed.
Amendments and seeding did not augment erosion control structure effectiveness in dry rangelands, 2021-2023
This study investigates the effectiveness of combining rock structures with organic amendments (wood mulch or compost) and native perennial grass seed addition to address erosion on rangelands. The study was conducted across five cattle ranches in New Mexico with 9-18 active head cuts studied at each ranch. Rock rundown structures were built at each headcut and a plot above each structure received an organic amendment treatment (compost, mulch, or control) and seed addition treatment (seeded or control).
[DEPRECATED] Seed Bank in Hemlock Removal Experiment at Harvard Forest 2004-2015 (Reformatted to ecocomDP Design Pattern)
This L1 ecocomDP dataset is deprecated. It is deprecated because the format of the L0 dataset does not mesh well with the ecocomDP model. This data package is formatted according to the "ecocomDP", a data package design pattern for ecological community surveys, and data from studies of composition and biodiversity. For more information on the ecocomDP project see https://github.com/EDIorg/ecocomDP/tree/master, or contact EDI https://environmentaldatainitiative.org. This Level 1 data package was derived from the Level 0 data package found here: https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-hfr&identifier=105&revision=22 The abstract below was extracted from the Level 0 data package and is included for context:
Conifer seed delivery after the Berry Fire Grand Teton National Park, USA, 2018
These data were collected by NS Gill, TJ Hoecker, and MG Turner in Grand Teton National Park from July-October 2018. The dataset represents seed delivery and surrounding forest structure and demographics following the 2016 Berry Fire, used to examine the relationship between fire regime change and conifer seed delivery in Pinus contorta var. latifolia forests. Stand structure and cone abundance were quantified at 21 sites positioned at the edges of the burned area in 50-m transects. Seed delivery was measured in seed traps placed at distance intervals running out to 100 m into burned patches from the live forest edge over a period of three months. Pinus contorta, Picea engelmannii, and Abies lasiocarpa seeds were collected. Five meteorological stations were deployed throughout the study area. Wind speed and direction data were attributed to transects from the nearest of these deployed meteorological stations.
UCSB SONGS Mitigation Monitoring: Wetland Process Study - Irrigation, Decompaction, Amendment, Planting and Seeding Experiment Vegetation Cover
These data describe estimates of the percent cover of marsh plants in experimental plots designed to evaluate the effectiveness of various soil treatments on increasing vegetation cover at the San Dieguito Wetlands (Del Mar, California). Plots established between 1.61 – 2.1 m MLLW were manipulated to test the effects of irrigation, decompaction, soil amendments, and planting versus seeding, whereas plots between 1.6 – 1.7 m MLLW tested the effects of planting versus seeding alone. Data collection was conducted from 2020 to 2022. During each survey, species of marsh plants were identified and recorded under 98 uniformly spaced points within 4.5 m2 quadrats in each plot.
UCSB SONGS Mitigation Monitoring: Wetland Process Study - Irrigation, Decompaction, Amendment, Planting and Seeding Experiment Plant Size
These data describe estimates of the condition and size of three species of salt marsh plants (Arthrocnemum subterminale, Frankenia salina, and Salicornia virginica) planted in experimental plots designed to evaluate the effectiveness of various soil treatments on increasing vegetation cover at the San Dieguito Wetlands (Del Mar, California). Plots established between 1.61 – 2.1 m MLLW were manipulated to test the effects of irrigation, decompaction, soil amendments, and planting versus seeding, whereas plots between 1.6 – 1.7 m MLLW tested the effects of planting versus seeding alone. Data collection was conducted from 2020 to 2022. During each survey, the length of the longest axis and maximum perpendicular width of each planted individual was measured.
Seed dispersal data for Warneke et al "Habitat fragmentation alters the distance of abiotic seed dispersal through edge effects and direction of dispersal"
This csv file contains seed dispersal data for five species (Carphephorus bellidifolius, Aristida beyrichiana, Liatris squarrulosa, Sorghastrum secundum, and Anthenantia villosa). Data were collected at the Savannah River Site, near Aiken, South Carolina, United States. Data were collected between November 17, 2009, to January 22, 2010 and were collected using the methods outlined in this document.
Final seedling counts for invasive plants seeded at CPCRW on a variety of substrate types.
This dataset contains final seedling counts for invasive plants seeded at the CPCRW research (seeding and measurements taken summer 2012) site on a variety of substrate types.
Nest-mediated seed dispersal study from mixed habitats in North Georgia and Western North Carolina
Many plant seeds travel on the wind and through animal ingestion or adhesion; however, an overlooked dispersal mode may lurk within those dispersal modes. Viable seeds may remain attached or embedded within materials birds gather for nest building. Our objective was to determine if birds inadvertently transport seeds when they forage for plant materials to build, insulate, and line nests. We also hypothesized that nest-mediated dispersal might be particularly useful for plants that use mating systems with self-fertilized seeds embedded in their stems. We gathered bird nests in temperate forests and fields in eastern North America and germinated the plant material. We also employed experimental nest boxes and performed nest dissections to rule out airborne and fecal contamination. We found that birds collect plant stem material and mud for nest construction and inadvertently transport the seeds contained within. Experimental nest boxes indicated that bird nests were not passive recipients of seeds (e.g., carried on wind), but arrived in the materials used to construct nests. We germinated 144 plant species from the nests of 23 bird species. A large proportion of the nest germinants were graminoids containing self-fertilized seeds inside stems—suggesting that nest dispersal may be an adaptive benefit of closed mating systems. Avian nest building appears as a dispersal pathway for hundreds of plant species, including many non-native species, at distances of at least 100–200 m. We propose a new plant dispersal guild to describe this phenomenon, caliochory (calio = Greek for nest).
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