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111 results for “shell variability”
Figure 36 in Recognising variability in the shells of argonauts (Cephalopoda: Argonautidae): the key to resolving the taxonomy of the family
Figure 36. Images of live female argonauts, Argonauta hians and A. nodosus, demonstrating the effect of spawned eggs on the position of the females relative to their shells: a, live female A. hians from Andaman Sea, Thailand, photographed in an aquarium (photo: J. Nabhitabhata, after Sukhsangchan and Nabhitabhata 2007); b–c, A. nodosus Phillip Bay, Victoria, Australia (photos: R. Kuiter); b, live female argonaut photographed in the wild; c, eggs of same specimen, shown with argonaut removed from shell.
Figure 35. Preserved female Argonauta nouryi and A in Recognising variability in the shells of argonauts (Cephalopoda: Argonautidae): the key to resolving the taxonomy of the family
Figure 35. Preserved female Argonauta nouryi and A. hians with spawned eggs: a, preserved female A. nouryi from the Pacific Ocean (15.2 mm dorsal mantel length, 18.4 mm shell length, SBMNH 64369) with spawned eggs attached to the axis of the shell; b, preserved female A. hians from the North West Shelf, Western Australia (28.7 mm dorsal mantel length, 38.9 mm shell length, QM Mo77789) with yellow eggs visible in dorsal component of shell. Scale bar = 1 cm.
Figure 33. Repaired Argonauta argo shell from Monterey, California. Repaired A in Recognising variability in the shells of argonauts (Cephalopoda: Argonautidae): the key to resolving the taxonomy of the family
Figure 33. Repaired Argonauta argo shell from Monterey, California. Repaired A. argo shell from Monterey, California (81.9 mm shell length, USNM 61374): a, left lateral view; b, oblique left lateral view; c, oblique anterior aperture view. Note change in direction of lateral ribs along repair line. Scale bar = 1 cm.
Figure 32 in Recognising variability in the shells of argonauts (Cephalopoda: Argonautidae): the key to resolving the taxonomy of the family
Figure 32. Coarse and fine Argonauta argo shells: a–b, shells of A. argo displaying different degree of sculpturing and variation in the aperture edge; a, fine A. argo shell from off San Clement Island, California (113.3 mm shell length [P], USNM 316580); b, coarse A. argo shell from Baja California (128.1 mm shell length [P], ANSP 404279). Scale bar = 1 cm.
Figure 31 in Recognising variability in the shells of argonauts (Cephalopoda: Argonautidae): the key to resolving the taxonomy of the family
Figure 31. Single eared Argonauta nodosus shell from the British Museum: a–c, three perspectives of a single eared A. nodosus shell from the British Museum (109.0 mm shell length [P], BMNH unreg., locality unknown, "B395, e."); a, left lateral view; b, right lateral view; c, anterior aperture view. Scale bar = 1 cm.
Figure 29 in Recognising variability in the shells of argonauts (Cephalopoda: Argonautidae): the key to resolving the taxonomy of the family
Figure 29. Coarse and fine Argonauta nodosus shells: a, fine A. nodosus shell from Mayor Is., Bay of Plenty, New Zealand (127.2 mm shell length, NMV F164784); b, Coarse A. nodosus shell from the Indo Pacific (127.3 mm shell length, NMV F164774). Scale bar = 1 cm.
Figure 27 in Recognising variability in the shells of argonauts (Cephalopoda: Argonautidae): the key to resolving the taxonomy of the family
Figure 27. Shell consistent with description of Argonauta boettgeri from Museums Victoria: a–d, four perspectives of a shell consistent with A. boettgeri (treated here as a synonym of A. hians [Lightfoot], 1786) from Museums Victoria (25.0 mm shell length, NMV F164767) displaying an increase in keel tubercle size consistent with a shift from Type 2 shell formation (T2) to Type 1 shell formation (T1); a, left lateral view; b, right lateral view; c, anterior aperture view; d, posterior keel view. Scale bar = 1 cm.
Figure 28 in Recognising variability in the shells of argonauts (Cephalopoda: Argonautidae): the key to resolving the taxonomy of the family
Figure 28. Reproduced illustrations referenced in the descriptions of Argonauta nodosus [Lightfoot], 1786 and A. argo Linnaeus, 1758: a, illustration of A. nodosus [Lightfoot], 1786, designated as a lectotype by Moolenbeek (2008), Rumphius 1705, pl. 18, fig. 1; b, illustration of A. argo Linnaeus, 1758, considered a paralectotype following the designation of a lectotype by Moolenbeek (2008), Rumphius 1705, pl. 18, fig. A.
Figure 34 in Recognising variability in the shells of argonauts (Cephalopoda: Argonautidae): the key to resolving the taxonomy of the family
Figure 34. Single eared Argonauta argo shell from Venezuela, South America: a–c, three perspectives of a single eared A. argo shell from Venezuela (51.4 mm shell length, USNM 122208); a, left lateral view; b, right lateral view; c, anterior aperture view. Scale bar = 1 cm.
Figure 26 in Recognising variability in the shells of argonauts (Cephalopoda: Argonautidae): the key to resolving the taxonomy of the family
Figure 26. Argonauta hians shell from the British Museum: a–d, four perspectives of an A. hians shell from the British Museum (76.1 mm shell length [P], BMNH unreg., locality unknown, "B698, t.") which, while displaying an aperture shape and axial region consistent with the original description of A. boettgeri (fig. 22B, C), shows signs of possessing ears (E) at an earlier stage of growth; a, left lateral view; b, right lateral view; c, anterior aperture view; d, posterior keel view. A shift from Type 1 shell formation (T1) to Type 2 shell formation (T2) is expressed by ears subsumed and a reduction in keel tubercle size on the right side only. Scale bar = 1 cm.
Figure 25 in Recognising variability in the shells of argonauts (Cephalopoda: Argonautidae): the key to resolving the taxonomy of the family
Figure 25. Single eared Argonauta hians shell from Madagascar: a–c, three perspectives of a single eared A. hians shell from Madagascar (60.8 mm shell length, NMV F164734); a, left lateral view; b, right lateral view; c, anterior aperture view. Scale bar = 1 cm.
Figure 24 in Recognising variability in the shells of argonauts (Cephalopoda: Argonautidae): the key to resolving the taxonomy of the family
Figure 24. Argonauta hians shell from the North West Shelf, Western Australia: a–d, four perspectives of an A. hians shell from the North West Shelf, Western Australia (53.0 mm shell length, WAM S31510) displaying a clear shift from Type 1 shell formation (T1) to Type 2 formation (T2) indicated by a reduction in the size and spacing of the keel tubercles and a reduction in the ratio of ribs to keel tubercles (from approximately 1.5:1 to 1:1); a, right lateral view; b, oblique right lateral view; c, anterior aperture view; d, posterior keel view. Scale bar = 1 cm.
Figure 23 in Recognising variability in the shells of argonauts (Cephalopoda: Argonautidae): the key to resolving the taxonomy of the family
Figure 23. Argonauta hians shell from the Philippines: a–d, four perspectives of an A. hians shell from the Philippines (79.6 mm shell length [P], BMNH unreg., "Cuming, i.") displaying a clear shift from Type 1 shell formation (T1) to Type 2 shell formation (T2) indicated by a reduction in the size and spacing of the keel tubercles, a reduction in the ratio of ribs to keel tubercles (from approximately 1.5:1 to 1:1) and subsumed ears; a, right lateral view; b, anterior aperture view; c, posterior keel view; d, ventro-posterior keel view. Scale bar = 1 cm.
Figure 22 in Recognising variability in the shells of argonauts (Cephalopoda: Argonautidae): the key to resolving the taxonomy of the family
Figure 22. Reproduced illustrations referenced in the descriptions of Argonauta hians [Lightfoot], 1786 and A. boettgeri Maltzan, 1882: a, illustration of A. hians [Lightfoot], 1786, designated as a lectotype by Moolenbeek (2008), Rumphius, 1705: pl. 18, fig. B; b–c, illustrations of A. boettgeri Maltzan, 1881, featured in the original publication, Maltzan, 1881: 163, pl. 6 fig. 7; b, right lateral view; c. anterior aperture view.
Figure 19 in Recognising variability in the shells of argonauts (Cephalopoda: Argonautidae): the key to resolving the taxonomy of the family
Figure 19. Holotype of Argonauta expansus Dall, 1872 (synonym of A. nouryi Lorois, 1852) from the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution) Washington: a–c, three perspectives of A. expansus Dall, 1872 Holotype (80.2 mm shell length [P], USNM 61368) displaying two changes from Type 1 (T1) to Type 2 (T2) shell formation and back to Type 1; a, left lateral view; b, anterior aperture view; c, posterior keel view. Scale bar = 1 cm.
Figure 21 in Recognising variability in the shells of argonauts (Cephalopoda: Argonautidae): the key to resolving the taxonomy of the family
Figure 21. Variation in shell weight across the examined SBMNH lot. Scatter plot of shell weight (ShW) against shell length (ShL) for the single shell lot collected at El Mogote, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico (24° 10' 00" N, 110° 24' 00" W) on 15 January 2000 (SBMNH 345766 & 345768). Eared shells (solid circles) and earless shells (open circles) distinguished. Linear regression lines for eared shells (dashed) and earless shells (dot dashed) with corresponding equations and coefficients of determination (i.e. R2 values) presented.
Figure 30 in Recognising variability in the shells of argonauts (Cephalopoda: Argonautidae): the key to resolving the taxonomy of the family
Figure 30. Repaired Argonauta nodosus shell from Moreton Bay, Queensland. Left lateral view of repaired A. nodosus shell from Moreton Bay, Queensland (109.1 mm shell length, QM Mo14232) showing a transition from fine shell formation (Fine) to coarse shell formation (Coarse) at point of previous damage. Scale bar = 1 cm.
Figure 18 in Recognising variability in the shells of argonauts (Cephalopoda: Argonautidae): the key to resolving the taxonomy of the family
Figure 18. Holotype of Argonauta dispar Conrad, 1854 (synonym of A. nouryi Lorois, 1852) from the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia: a–d, four perspectives of A. dispar Conrad, 1854 Holotype (54.9 mm shell length, ANSP 129978) displaying a single change from Type 2 (T2) to Type 1 (T1) shell formation; a, left lateral view; b, right lateral view; c, anterior aperture view; d, posterior keel view. Scale bar = 1 cm.
Figure 15 in Recognising variability in the shells of argonauts (Cephalopoda: Argonautidae): the key to resolving the taxonomy of the family
Figure 15. Argonauta nouryi shell displaying three changes in shell formation type: a–b, two perspectives of shell #41 (64.7 mm shell length, SBMNH 345766) displaying three changes in shell formation type from Type 1 (T1) to Type 2 (T2) shell formation, back to Type 1 and then to Type 2; a, left lateral view; b, oblique left lateral view. Note that the key to recognising the different shell formation types (challenging in this shell) is to look for reductions in the size of sequential keel tubercles (that would normally increase in size), a change in the relative distance between keel tubercles, a change in the ratio of lateral ribs to keel tubercles, and the appearance or disappearance of inter-keel tuberculation. Scale bar = 1 cm.
Figure 17 in Recognising variability in the shells of argonauts (Cephalopoda: Argonautidae): the key to resolving the taxonomy of the family
Figure 17. Argonauta nouryi shell displaying ear formation: a–c, three perspectives of shell #136 (63.1 mm shell length, SBMNH 345768) displaying ear (E) formation associated with a shift from Type 2 (T2) to Type 1 (T1) shell formation; a, left lateral view; b, close-up of ear, left lateral view; c, anterior aperture view. The shell added to the aperture edge in Type 1 shell formation produces a new ear separate from the axis of the shell. The new ear becomes the widest point on the aperture edge. Scale bars = 1 cm.
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