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FIG. 2 in Variations on a bauplan: description of a new Malagasy "mermaid skink" with flipper-like forelimbs only (Scincidae, Sirenoscincus Sakata & Hikida, 2003)
FIG. 2. — Drawings of the holotype of Sirenoscincus mobydick n. sp. (UADBA R70487): A-C, dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views of the head; D, close-up of the arm (picture symmetrically reversed, thus representing the right forelimb). The colouration in life has been presently inferred from both the preserved specimen and the supposedly identical living colouration of S.yamagishii. Scale bars: 1 mm.
FIG. 1 in Variations on a bauplan: description of a new Malagasy "mermaid skink" with flipper-like forelimbs only (Scincidae, Sirenoscincus Sakata & Hikida, 2003)
FIG. 1. — Sirenoscincus Sakata & Hikida, 2003: A-D, S. mobydick n. sp., preserved holotype UADBA R70487, lateral view of the entire specimen (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views of the anterior body part, showing highly reduced flipper-like forelimbs, and close-up of the forelimb (D); the constriction of the body posterior to the forelimbs is an artefact of the fastening of the collection label; E-G, living specimen of S. yamagishii Sakata & Hikida, 2003 from Ankarafantsika, Madagascar, lateral view of the anterior body part (E), dorsolateral view of the entire specimen (F), and close-up of the right forelimb with four claws (G). Scale bars: 1 mm (not shown for S. yamagishii because unavailable). (Photographs E-G: Falk S. Eckhardt.)
FIG. 4 in Variations on a bauplan: description of a new Malagasy "mermaid skink" with flipper-like forelimbs only (Scincidae, Sirenoscincus Sakata & Hikida, 2003)
FIG. 4. — Computed tomographic reconstruction of the pectoral girdle and forelimbs of the holotype specimen of Sirenoscincus mobydick n. sp. (UADBA R70487) in lateral (A) and dorsal (B) views; pectoral girdle in lateral (C) and dorsal (D) views. Scale bar: 1 mm.
FIG. 3 in Variations on a bauplan: description of a new Malagasy "mermaid skink" with flipper-like forelimbs only (Scincidae, Sirenoscincus Sakata & Hikida, 2003)
FIG. 3. — Computed tomographic reconstruction of the anterior body part of the holotype specimen of Sirenoscincus mobydick n. sp. (UADBA R70487) in dorsal (A, C) and lateral views (B, D). The osteodermic "chain mail" is represented in red in A and B, and digitally removed from C and D. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
FIG. 7 in Variations on a bauplan: description of a new Malagasy "mermaid skink" with flipper-like forelimbs only (Scincidae, Sirenoscincus Sakata & Hikida, 2003)
FIG. 7. — Illustration from an early edition of Moby-Dick. Public domain picture drawn by A. Burnham Shute (1892).
Fig. 1 in A new species of swamp-dwelling skink (Tytthoscincus) from Singapore and Peninsular Malaysia
Fig. 1. Upper: Maximum Likelihood phylogram depicting the relationships of species within the swamp clade of Tytthoscincus (brown highlight) and their relationship to other Tytthoscincus lineages. Bayesian posterior probabilities and ultrafast bootstrap values, respectively, are listed at the nodes. Lower left: Distribution map of the species of the swamp clade of Tytthoscincus. Lower right: Principal Component Analysis of the species of the swamp clade of Tytthoscincus.
Fig. 2 in A new species of swamp-dwelling skink (Tytthoscincus) from Singapore and Peninsular Malaysia
Fig. 2. Tytthoscincus temasekensis sp. nov. Upper: adult holotype (ZRC 2.6490) from Pasir Laba Road, Singapore. Middle: juvenile paratype (ZRC 2.7111) from Upper Seletar Reservoir Park, Singapore (Photograph by Nick Baker). Lower: uncataloged specimen from 3 km south of the Nee Soon Swamp, Singapore (Photograph by Noel Thomas).
Figure 2 in Molecular systematics of social skinks: phylogeny and taxonomy of the Egernia group (Reptilia: Scincidae)
Figure 2. Strict consensus tree of the MP and Bayesian trees, showing suggested generic break up of Egernia.
Figure 1. A in Molecular systematics of social skinks: phylogeny and taxonomy of the Egernia group (Reptilia: Scincidae)
Figure 1. A, the strict consensus of the six equally most parsimonious trees (each of length 3021 steps), with bootstrap proportions> 50% shown. B, Bayesian tree. Posterior probability values are shown at relevant nodes.
Figure 6 in Molecular systematics of Caribbean skinks of the genus Mabuya (Reptilia, Scincidae), with descriptions of two new species from Venezuela
Figure 6. Altitudinal distribution of the South American species of Mabuya. Each dot corresponds to the altitude of a locality of specimens examined, or to data found in the following references: De la Riva, Castroviejo & Cabot, 1992; Dunn, 1936; Rebouças-Spieker & Vanzolini, 1990; Mijares-Urrutia & Arends, 1997; Rodrigues, 2000; Mausfeld & Lötters 2001. *'Unexpected' locality of a putative specimen of Mabuya altamazonica Miralles, Barrio-Amorós, Rivas & Chaparro-Auza, 2006.
Figure 4 in Molecular systematics of Caribbean skinks of the genus Mabuya (Reptilia, Scincidae), with descriptions of two new species from Venezuela
Figure 4. Phylogenetic trees of the genus Mabuya obtained from 12S and cytochrome b sequences. A, cladogram of the strict consensus maximum parsimony (MP) tree with bootstrap values (1000 replicates; bootstrap proportions less than 50% are not shown). B, Bayesian analysis, with 50% majority rule consensus (posterior probabilities below 0.90 are unmarked). The most remarkable nodes are: (1) the genus Mabuya s.s. (exclusively neotropical clade) and (2) the Caribbean clade. Grey rectangles represent clades endemic to the Carribean region. Mountain species are marked with triangles so as to be distinguishable from lowland species. Abbreviations: Mex., Mexico; Venez., Venezuela.
Figure 1. A, B in Molecular systematics of Caribbean skinks of the genus Mabuya (Reptilia, Scincidae), with descriptions of two new species from Venezuela
Figure 1. A, B, holotype of Mabuya nebulosylvestris sp. nov. (MHNLS 17093). C, D, holotype of Mabuya zuliae sp. nov. (MHNLS 16647). The drawing (A) is symmetrically reversed, and represents the right side of the head. Scale bar: 2 mm. Illustrations by AM.
Figure 2 in Molecular systematics of Caribbean skinks of the genus Mabuya (Reptilia, Scincidae), with descriptions of two new species from Venezuela
Figure 2. Uncollected specimens of (A) Mabuya nebulosylvestris sp. nov. (from the type locality, Colonia Tovar, Aragua, Venezuela), (B) Mabuya zuliae sp. nov (from Cerro El Mirador, km 495 on the Machiques–Colón road, Zulia, Venezuela), and (C) Mabuya meridensis (in the vicinity of Mérida city, Mérida, Venezuela). Photographs by AM, TB, and CLB-A, respectively.
Figure 7 in Molecular systematics of Caribbean skinks of the genus Mabuya (Reptilia, Scincidae), with descriptions of two new species from Venezuela
Figure 7. Scenario of allopatric speciation along the valley of Mérida: (A) putative distribution (in grey) of the common ancestor of Mabuya meridensis and Mabuya zuliae sp. nov., and (B) present-day distribution of both species, separated by the xerophytic enclave of Lagunillas.
Climate change shrinks environmental suitability for a viviparous Neotropical skink
<p>Anthropogenic global warming and deforestation are significant drivers of the global biodiversity crisis. Ectothermic and viviparous animals are especially vulnerable since high environmental temperatures can impair embryonic development, but we lack knowledge about these effects upon Neotropical organisms. Here, we estimate how much of the current area with suitable habitats overlaps with protected areas and model the combined effects of climate change and deforestation on the geographic distribution of the viviparous Neotropical lizard <em>Notomabuya frenata</em> (Scincidae). This species ranges in Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Bolivia. We use environmental and physiological variables (locomotor performance and hours of activity) to predict suitable present and future areas, considering different scenarios of greenhouse gas emissions and deforestation. The most critical predictors of habitat suitability were isothermality (i.e., the ratio between mean diurnal temperature range and annual temperature range), precipitation during winter, and hours of activity under lower thermal extremes. Still, our models predict a contraction of suitable habitats in all future scenarios and the displacement of these areas towards eastern South America. In addition, protected areas are not enough to ensure suitable habitats for this species. Our findings highlight the vulnerability of tropical and viviparous ectotherms and suggest that even widely distributed species, such as <em>N. frenata</em>, may have their conservation compromised shortly due to the low representativeness of their suitable habitats in protected areas combined with the synergistic effects of climate change and deforestation. We stress the need for decision‐makers to consider the impact of range shifts in creating protected areas and managing endangered species.</p>
Climate change shrinks environmental suitability for a viviparous Neotropical skink
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Patterns of girdle shape and their correlates in Australian limb-reduced skinks
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High elevation increases the risk of Y chromosome loss in Alpine skink populations with sex reversal
<p>The view genotypic sex determination (GSD) and environmental sex determination (ESD) are mutually exclusive states has been contradicted by the discovery that chromosomal sex and environmental influences can co-exist within the same species, hinting at a continuum of intermediate states. Systems where genes and the environment interact to determine sex present the opportunity for sex reversal to occur, where the phenotypic sex is the opposite of that predicted by their sex chromosome complement. The skink Bassiana duperreyi has XX:XY sex chromosomes with sex reversal of the XX genotype to a male phenotype in response to exposure to cold incubation temperatures. Here we studied the frequency of sex reversal in B. duperreyi in response to climatic variation, using elevation as a surrogate for environmental temperatures. We demonstrate sex reversal for the first time in free-ranging adults of a reptile species with XX/XY sex determination. The highest frequency of sex reversal occurred at the highest elevation location, Mount Ginini (18.64%) and decreases in frequency with elevation. We model the impact of this under Fisher's frequency dependent selection to show that, only at the highest elevations, populations risk the loss of the Y chromosome and a transition to TSD. This study contributes to our understanding of the risks of extinction from climate change in species subject to sex reversal by temperature, and will provide focus for future research to test on-the-ground management strategies to mitigate the effects of climate in local populations.</p> <div> <div> <div class="msocomtxt"> <p class="MsoCommentText"> </p> </div> </div> </div>
Image 10 in Taxonomic status of the arboreal Skink Lizard Dasia halianus (Haly & Nevill, 1887) in Sri Lanka and the redescription of Dasia subcaeruleum (Boulenger, 1891) from India
Image 10. The sketch done by Annandale (1906) of the juvenile paralectotype.
Image 11 in Taxonomic status of the arboreal Skink Lizard Dasia halianus (Haly & Nevill, 1887) in Sri Lanka and the redescription of Dasia subcaeruleum (Boulenger, 1891) from India
Image 11. Dasia halianus live specimen, from Kuda-oya, Sri Lanka.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.