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140 results for “snake systematics”
FIG. 3 in The Herald Snakes (Crotaphopeltis) of the Central African Republic, including a systematic review of C. hippocrepis
FIG. 3. — Crotaphopeltis hippocrepis, everted left hemipenis of BMNH 1982.439 from sulcate and asulcate sides; specimen from Wa, Ghana. Scale bar: 5 mm. Drawing Robert Nielsen.
FIG. 2 in The Herald Snakes (Crotaphopeltis) of the Central African Republic, including a systematic review of C. hippocrepis
FIG. 2. — Distribution of Crotaphopeltis degeni () and Crotaphopeltis hippocrepis (). Regarding the Tanzanian record of C. hippocrepis, see text.
FIG. 1 in The Herald Snakes (Crotaphopeltis) of the Central African Republic, including a systematic review of C. hippocrepis
FIG. 1. — Map of the Central African Republic showing collection sites; 1, Bayanga; 2, Belemboké; 3, Nola; 4, Gamboula; 5, Banga; 6, Ngotto; 7, Boukoko and La Maboké; 8, Zimba; 9, Bangui; 10, Sogesca; 11, Elim; 12, Ouazoua; 13, Berberati; 14, route de Bossembélé; 15, Boali; 16, Sibut; 17, route de Possel; 18, Bambari; 19, Seko; 20, Bria; 21, Mboki; 22, Paoua; 23, Kouki; 24, Soumba; 25, Bossangoa; 26, Kaga Bandoro; 27, Bangbali; 28, Bamingui; 29, Ndélé; 30, Manovo; 31, Brandji-Préo; 32, Sangba; 33, Bohou; 34, La Gounda; 35, Gordil; 36, Ouanda-Djallé; 37, Delembé; 38, Birao; 39, Dahal Azrak; 40, Am Dafok. Records from Gribingui region, Ouham region, and pays des Abiras are not specified. Crotaphopeltis hotamboeia occurs in all mentioned localities. I, sudano-sahelian (savanas) area; II, medio-sudanian (savanas) area; III, sudano-guinean (savanas) area; IV, congo-guinean (forests and savanas) area.
Fig. 4. A. Dorsal, B in Ultraconserved elements-based phylogenomic systematics of the snake superfamily Elapoidea, with the description of a new Afro-Asian family
Fig. 4. A. Dorsal, B, lateral and C. ventral view of the skull of Micrelaps muelleri (SMNH.R 17777). D. Ectopterygoid of the same specimen in ventral view. E. Ventral and F. lateral views of the palatomaxillary arch.
Fig. 1. A. ASTRAL and B. wASTRAL-hybrid species trees for the superfamily Elapoidea from the 50 in Ultraconserved elements-based phylogenomic systematics of the snake superfamily Elapoidea, with the description of a new Afro-Asian family
Fig. 1. A. ASTRAL and B. wASTRAL-hybrid species trees for the superfamily Elapoidea from the 50 % complete dataset, consisting of 4561 loci. Circles on the branch represent a local posterior probability support of 0.95 to 1.0. Abbreviations – AT – Atractaspidinae, CL – Cyclocoridae, EL – Elapidae, LM – Lamprophiinae, MC – Micrelapidae fam. nov., OG – outgroup, PD – Pseudaspidinae, PR – Prosymninae, PS – Psammophiinae, PX – Pseudoxyrhophiinae.
Fig. 3 in Ultraconserved elements-based phylogenomic systematics of the snake superfamily Elapoidea, with the description of a new Afro-Asian family
Fig. 3. Time calibrated phylogeny (50 % complete dataset) of elapoid snakes, estimated with the Maximum Likelihood implementation of the RelTime method (with lognormal node calibration densities). Values on the branches indicate the estimated divergence times. The blue bar represents the 95 % confidence intervals around the estimated divergence times.
Fig. 2. Maximum Likelihood species tree from the concatenated 50 in Ultraconserved elements-based phylogenomic systematics of the snake superfamily Elapoidea, with the description of a new Afro-Asian family
Fig. 2. Maximum Likelihood species tree from the concatenated 50 % complete dataset consisting of 4561 loci. Values on the branch indicate Shimodaira Hasegawalike approximate likelihood ratio test and ultrafast bootstrap. Abbreviations as in Fig. 1.
Phylogenomics of fresh and formalin specimens resolves the systematics of old world mud snakes (Serpentes: Homalopsidae) and expands biogeographic inference
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A large-scale systematic framework of Chinese snakes based on a unified multilocus marker system
Snakes are one of the most diverse groups of terrestrial vertebrates, with approximately 3500 extant species, some of which are closely related to human life. A robust phylogeny and taxonomy of snakes is crucial for us to know, study, protect and make use of them. For a large group such as snakes, cross-study data utilization is important which can be facilitated by standardization of the loci used for systematic analyses. In this study, we combined 5 mitochondrial markers, 19 vertebrate-universal nuclear protein coding (NPC) markers and 72 snake-specific noncoding intron markers, and generated a unified multilocus marker system for studies of snake systematics. This marker system is an addition to the squamate conserved locus set compiled for large-scale sequence capture experiments. We applied this marker system to over 440 snake samples and constructed the currently most comprehensive systematics framework of the snakes in China. Robust snake phylogenetic relationships were recovered at both deep and shallow evolutionary depths, demonstrating the usefulness of this multilocus marker system. Discordance was revealed by a parallel comparison between the snake tree based on our multilocus marker system and that based on only the mitochondrial loci, highlighting the necessity of using multiple marker types to better understand the snake evolutionary histories. The divergence times of different snake groups were estimated with the multilocus data set. Our comprehensive snake tree not only confirms many important nodes inferred in previous studies but also contributes new insights into the phylogenetic relationships among snakes. Suggestions are made for the current snake taxonomy.
Fig. 4 in Systematics of Snakes Referred to Dipsas variegata in Panama and Western South America, with Revalidation of Two Species and Notes on Defensive Behaviors in the Dipsadini (Colubridae)
Fig. 4. Dipsas nicholsi (Dunn). Dorsal and lateral views of the head (KU 110312).
Fig. 11 in Systematics of Snakes Referred to Dipsas variegata in Panama and Western South America, with Revalidation of Two Species and Notes on Defensive Behaviors in the Dipsadini (Colubridae)
Fig. 11. Dipsas oreas (Cope). Two juveniles. Top: ANSP 18120, Ecuador. Bottom: FMNH 232572, Peru.
Data from: Melanism in polymorphic terrestrial snakes: A meta-analysis and systematic review
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A large-scale systematic framework of Chinese snakes based on a unified multilocus marker system
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FIGURE 2 in A multilocus molecular perspective on the systematics of the poorly known Northeast Indian colubrid snakes Blythia reticulata (Blyth, 1854), B. hmuifang Vogel, Lalremsanga & Vanlalhrima, 2017, and Hebius xenura (Wall, 1907)
FIGURE 2. Phylogenetic relationships of Blythia reticulata, B. hmuifang, Trachischium spp. and Herpetoreas (Hebius) xenura with other natricine snakes inferred from our 139-leaf dataset. A. ML phylogeny. Bootstrap support is shown at each internal branch. B. BI phylogeny. Posterior probability support values are shown at each internal branch. Samples in orange are those for which data were newly generated in this study. Scale bar represents mean nucleotide substitutions per site.
FIGURE 1 in A multilocus molecular perspective on the systematics of the poorly known Northeast Indian colubrid snakes Blythia reticulata (Blyth, 1854), B. hmuifang Vogel, Lalremsanga & Vanlalhrima, 2017, and Hebius xenura (Wall, 1907)
FIGURE 1. ML phylogeny showing relationships of newly sampled Blythia, Trachischium, and Herpetoreas (Hebius) xenura with other major lineages of snakes inferred from our 91-leaf dataset. Samples in orange are those for which data were newly generated in this study. Bootstrap support is shown at each internal branch. Scale bar represents the number of nucleotide substitutions per site.
FIGURE 5 in Systematics, natural history, and hemipenial morphology of Dendrophidion brunneum (Günther) (Serpentes: Colubridae), a poorly known snake from the Andes of Ecuador and Peru
FIGURE 5. Hemipenis of Dendrophidion brunneum (FMNH 231777) in (left to right): sulcate, asulcate, and lateral views (organ stained with alizarin red S).
FIGURE 3. Dendrophidion percarinatum from western Ecuador. A, ANSP 5709 in Systematics, natural history, and hemipenial morphology of Dendrophidion brunneum (Günther) (Serpentes: Colubridae), a poorly known snake from the Andes of Ecuador and Peru
FIGURE 3. Dendrophidion percarinatum from western Ecuador. A, ANSP 5709; B, ANSP 5519; C, FMNH 16942; D, AMNH 110585. Specimens A and B are most likely the specimens referred to D. brunneum by Cope (1868); C, a specimen referred to D. brunneum by Garman (1892); D, a recently collected specimen of D. percarinatum from western Ecuador.
FIGURE 4 in Systematics, natural history, and hemipenial morphology of Dendrophidion brunneum (Günther) (Serpentes: Colubridae), a poorly known snake from the Andes of Ecuador and Peru
FIGURE 4. Habitat of Dendrophidion brunneum at the Río Zaña Study Site, Cajamarca Department, Peru. The photograph shows a portion of the montane humid forest from approximately 2000–2500 m elevation. The peak on the left, known locally as Cerro Balcón, is about 2550 m at the summit. Pale areas below the peak were patches of forest cleared for cattle and agriculture. Photograph taken in June 1987.
FIGURE 2 in Systematics, natural history, and hemipenial morphology of Dendrophidion brunneum (Günther) (Serpentes: Colubridae), a poorly known snake from the Andes of Ecuador and Peru
FIGURE 2. Distribution of Dendrophidion brunneum. All documented localities are plotted (see Appendix). Shaded area is 1000–3000 m elevation; hatched area is above 3000 m.
FIGURE 1 in Systematics, natural history, and hemipenial morphology of Dendrophidion brunneum (Günther) (Serpentes: Colubridae), a poorly known snake from the Andes of Ecuador and Peru
FIGURE 1. Dendrophidion brunneum in life. Specimens are from the Río Zaña Study Site, Cajamarca Department, Peru. The contrasting head and body coloration and yellow highlights on neck scales (lower photo) are typical.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.