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opencc-zeroJun 2022View details →

Responses of a resident group to an outsider in the blue-breasted quail: a paradigm for studying social resettlement of dispersers

Dispersal is an individual life history trait that can influence the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of both the source and recipient populations. Current studies of animal dispersal have paid little attention to how the responses of residents in a recipient population affect the social resettlement of dispersers into a new habitat. We addressed this question in the blue-breasted quail Synoicus chinensis by designing an outsider introduction experiment to simulate a scenario of interaction between residents and dispersers. In the experiment, we introduced an unfamiliar quail into a group of three differently ranked residents and then examined their behavioral responses to the arrival of the outsider. We found that all residents made negative responses by pecking at the outsider to maintain their pecking order, in which high-ranked residents displayed significantly greater intensity than those of lower ranks. This result highlighted that adverse behavioral responses of residents would prevent outsiders from obtaining hierarchical dominance in the recipient group. Moreover, the residents' sex ratio, their relative ages to the outsiders, and whether outsiders counter-pecked at the residents all influenced the probability of outsiders prevailing against the residents. Those outsiders that displayed counter-peck courage were more likely to gain higher dominance and hence resettle into the recipient group successfully. Our findings suggest that resident groups may impose a selection among dispersers via adverse behavioral responses. Therefore, social factors that can influence the resettlement step of dispersers in a new habitat should be accounted for in future studies of animal dispersal.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2022View details →

Provenance Data for "Simulation Studies of Social Systems - Telling the Story Based on Provenance"

This repository contains the provenance graph for the paper "Simulation Studies of Social Systems – Telling the Story Based on Provenance" by Oliver Reinhardt, Toby Prike, Martin Hinsch, Jakub Bijak, Adelinde M. Uhrmacher. The data may be imported into <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6786191">WebProv</a> to display and edit the provenance graph.

opencc-zeroAug 2022View details →

Data for: Social-ecological vulnerability of fishing communities to climate change: a U.S. West Coast case study

Climate change is already impacting coastal communities, and ongoing and future shifts in fisheries species productivity from climate change have implications for the livelihoods and cultures of coastal communities. Harvested marine species in the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem support U.S. West Coast communities economically, socially, and culturally. Ecological vulnerability assessments exist for individual species in the California Current but ecological and human vulnerability are linked and vulnerability is expected to vary by community. Here, we present automatable, reproducible methods for assessing the vulnerability of U.S. West Coast fishing-dependent communities to climate change within a social-ecological vulnerability framework. We first assessed the ecological risk of marine resources, on which fishing communities rely, to 50 years of climate change projections. We then combined this with the adaptive capacity of fishing communities, based on social indicators, to assess the potential ability of communities to cope with future changes. Specific communities (particularly in Washington state) were determined to be at risk to climate change mainly due to economic reliance on at risk marine fisheries species, like salmon, hake, or sea urchins. But, due to higher social adaptive capacity, these communities were often not found to be the most vulnerable overall. Conversely, certain communities that were not the most at risk, ecologically and economically, ranked in the category of highly vulnerable communities due to low adaptive capacity based on social indicators (particularly in Southern California). Certain communities were both ecologically at risk due to catch composition and socially vulnerable (low adaptive capacity) leading to the highest tier of vulnerability. The integration of climatic, ecological, economic, and societal data reveals that factors underlying vulnerability are variable across fishing communities on the U.S West Coast, and suggests the need to develop a variety of well-aligned strategies to adapt to the ecological impacts of climate change.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2022View details →

Measurement of Social Strain in People with Dementia: A Pre-liminary Study of the Reliability and Validity of the Negative Relationship Quality Questionnaire in Indonesia

People with dementia (PWD) may exhibit symptoms that negatively affect their relationships with their families or friends which could cause social strain. The Negative Relationship Quality (NRQ) questionnaire can be used to measure social strain in PWD. There has never been an Indonesian adaptation of the NRQ. This preliminary study aimed to measure the validity and reliability of the NRQ among PWD in Indonesia (NRQ-INA). This study used a cross-sectional design. Forward–backward translation methods were conducted first. Pearson’s correlation and factor analysis were employed for the validity test. Cronbach’s alpha and test–retest were used to determine reliability. The NRQ-INA has four parallel items related to social strain that are divided into three subscales and asked to spouse/partner, family members, and friends, leading to a total of 12 questions. The results of validity testing from 60 respondents showed that all items in the NRQ-INA were strongly valid with correlation coefficients (r) of >0.8 (p<0.01). Factor analysis showed a convergence with the variance explained of more than 50% for all items in each subscale, which also indicated that NRQ-INA had acceptable construct validity to measure social strain. Cronbach’s alpha values (α) were 0.926, 0.942, and 0.938 for the subscales of spouse, friends, and family members, respectively. The correlations of test–retest reliability for all items were >0.7 (p<0.01), demonstrating a reliable NRQ-INA measurement. In conclusion, NRQ-INA had a good validity and reliability to measure social strain in PWD. Further study of the concurrent validity among PWD is still needed.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2022View details →

Impact of a pulmonary rehabilitation program on social disadvantage and physical activity data of postCOVID19 patients: A North-African pilot study

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN <ul> <li>In post-acute COVID19, many patients still manifest symptoms for weeks and months.</li> <li>Psychological manifestations are prevalent and persisting in recovered COVID19 patients.</li> <li>Indeed, COVID19 was reported to possibly lead to symptoms of depression and anxiety, and to alter health-related quality of life (HRQoL).</li> <li>Physical activity has been proven to be effective in improving both mental and physical health.</li> <li>Thus, COVID19 patients could benefit from pulmonary rehabilitation program (PRP).</li> <li>Many studies related the effects of a standard PRP on physical activity and HRQoL in post COVID19 patients. However, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, no study evaluated the physical activity and social disadvantage of patients who were hospitalized for COVID19 in a low income country.</li> <li>This paper is the second part of a cross sectional study that aimed to evaluate the impact of a PRP on social disadvantage (physical activity, hospital anxiety and depression (HAD), HRQoL) data of Tunisian patients with postCOVID19.</li> </ul> WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS <ul> <li>The present North African study demonstrated that a PRP improved HRQoL, HAD, and physical activity data of Tunisian COVID19 patients.</li> <li>For instance, the means of the functional, psychological and relation dimensions, and the VQ11 total score (ie; main outcome) decreased significantly by 1.79, 2.00, 1.57, and 5.36 points. In addition, the means of the HAD anxiety and depression scores decreased significantly by 2.07, and 2.57 points, respectively, and the means of the physical activity and total scores improved significantly by 1.75 and 1.78 points, respectively.</li> <li>To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first African and Arab study investigating the impact of a PRP on postcovid19 patients in terms of social disadvantages and physical activity.</li> <li> </li> </ul> <ul> <li>This study confirms that an outpatient PRP program improves physical activity, psychological status and HRQoL in the management of postCOVID19 patients.</li> </ul>

opencc-zeroOct 2022View details →

Data and code for: Social phenotype-dependent selection of social environment in wild great and blue tits: An experimental study

There is growing evidence that individuals actively assess the match between their phenotype and their environment when making habitat choice decisions (so-called matching habitat choice). However, to our knowledge, no studies have considered how the social environment may interact with social phenotype in determining habitat choice, despite habitat choice being an inherently social process and growing evidence for individual variation in sociability. We conducted an experiment using wild great and blue tits to understand how birds integrate their social phenotype and social environment when choosing where and how to feed. We used programmable feeders to (i) record social interactions and estimate social phenotype and (ii) experimentally manipulate the local density experienced by birds of differing social phenotype. By tracking feeder usage, we estimated how social environment and social phenotype predicted feeder choice and feeding behaviour. Both social environment and social phenotype predicted feeder usage, but a bird's decision to remain in a particular social environment did not depend on their social phenotype. In contrast, for feeding behaviour, responses to the social environment depended on social phenotype. Our results provide rare evidence of matching habitat choice and shed light on the dependence of habitat choice on between-individual differences in social phenotype.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2021View details →

Intragenerational Social Mobility and Preventive Behaviors regarding COVID-19: A Case Study of the Slum and Non-Slum Peoples in Dhaka City

Social Mobility and Preventive Behaviors regarding COVID-19 among the Slum and Non-Slum Peoples in Dhaka City

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2022View details →

Data for the article "Management of social behaviour of domestic yaks in Manang, Nepal: an etho-ethnographic study"

Data for the paper "Social behaviour of domestic yaks in Manang, Nepal: an etho-ethnographic study". ANimated GIFs, GPS data, activity data and proximity data. Herdsmen use different techniques, as per varying geographies and cultures, to keep the cohesion within herds and avoid animals getting lost or predated. However, there is no study on the social behaviour of yaks and on herdsmen management practices. Therefore, this ethology study was initiated by ethnographic inquiries. We collected data from two herds living at the same settlement (Yak kharka, 4,100 m altitude, Nepal) by equipping them with loggers. One of the herdsman used the tether rope while other did not. Moreover, the Thaku herd had a more proactive shepherd than the Phurba one. In each herd, 17 animals were equipped with one actigraph wgt3x-BT to measure activity using accelerometer and spatial associations using proximity recorder. One of the herds was equipped with GPS (N=11) as well. Using GPS locations and activity, we showed that the two herds were cohesive and synchronised their activities but the herd with the tether rope was more cohesive.

opencc-zeroJul 2023View details →

Early-life sleep disruption impairs subtle social behaviours in prairie voles: a pose-estimation study

Early life sleep disruption (ELSD) has been shown to have long-lasting effects on social behaviour in adult prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster), including impaired expression of pair bonding during partner preference testing. However, due to the limitations of manual behaviour tracking, the effects of ELSD across the time course of pair bonding have not yet been described, hindering our ability to trace mechanisms. Here, we used pose estimation to track prairie voles during opposite-sex cohabitation, the process leading to pair bonding. Male-female pairs were allowed to interact through a mesh divider in the home cage for 72 h, providing variables of body direction, distance-to-divider and locomotion speed. We found that control males displayed periodic patterns of body orientation towards females during cohabitation. In contrast, ELSD males showed reduced duration and ultradian periodicity of these body orientation behaviours towards females. Furthermore, in both sexes, ELSD altered spatial and temporal patterns of locomotion across the light/dark cycles of the 72-h recordings. This study allows a comprehensive behavioural assessment of the effects of ELSD on later life sociality and highlights subtle prairie vole behaviours. Our findings may shed light on neurodevelopmental disorders featuring sleep disruption and social deficits, such as autism spectrum disorders.

Tertulias Social Isolation Women's Groups Study

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04254198. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

Study of Oxytocin in Autism to Improve Reciprocal Social Behaviors

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01944046. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.

The Austrian LEAD (Lung hEart sociAl boDy) Study

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01727518. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.

A Phase 2 Study of BNC210 for the Acute Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05193409. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

A Study of the Efficacy of Botox in the Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03078270. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.

Exploratory Study of Circadian Relationships Between Social Behavior, Blood Pressure and Metabolomics

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02249793. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

A Study of Overcoming Social Determinants of Health

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05773313. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.

Social Media Indoor Tanning Study

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03834974. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

A Safety and Efficacy Study of JNJ-42165279 in Participants With Social Anxiety Disorder

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02432703. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 3. Publications: 1.

controlledIPD-YESFeb 2026View details →

Online Singing Interventions for Postnatal Depression in Times of Social Isolation: a Single Arm Study

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04857593. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.