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177 results for “soil dynamics”
Figure 4 in Population Dynamics of Amoeboid Protists in a Tropical Desert: Seasonal Changes and Effects of Vegetation and Soil Conditions
Figure 4. Relationship between amoeboid protist richness and soil parameters during the wet season in three microhabitats by CCA: PL: Pr. laevigata, PP: Pa. praecox, and BS: bare soil. The names and abbreviations of the amoeboid protist species can be found in table 3.
Figure 2 in Population Dynamics of Amoeboid Protists in a Tropical Desert: Seasonal Changes and Effects of Vegetation and Soil Conditions
Figure 2. Cumulative richness plots of amoeboid protists present under Pr. laevigata (PL), Pa. praecox (PP) and bare soil (BS) during dry and wet seasons at 0–30 cm. a) eruptive pseudopods, and b) acanthopodial pseudopods. ND: not determined.
Figure 1 in Population Dynamics of Amoeboid Protists in a Tropical Desert: Seasonal Changes and Effects of Vegetation and Soil Conditions
Figure 1. Study area, showing vegetation patches in the desert of Tehuacán, Puebla, Mexico. In addition, the analyzed microhabitats are shown: Pr. laevigata, Pa. praecox and bare soil.
Model configuration files and forcing data for Implementing deep soil and dynamic root uptake in Noah-MP (v4.5): impact on Amazon dry-season transpiration
<p>This repository includes the model configuration files, input data, and forcing data used for simulations in Bieri et al. (2025) - <em>Implementing deep soil and dynamic root uptake in Noah-MP (v4.5): impact on Amazon dry-season transpiration.</em></p> <ul> <li>forcing.tar.gz - Compressed folder containing HRLDAS Noah-MP model forcing NetCDF files <ul> <li>These forcing files were derived from the NASA Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS; Beaudoing et al. 2020)</li> <li>The compressed file contains 3-hourly forcing files for the entire simulation period (01 Jun 2000 to 31 Dec 2019)</li> </ul> </li> <li>wrfinput_d01 - NetCDF file used as HRLDAS input file in HRLDAS Noah-MP simulations <ul> <li>Generated from WRF WPS (https://github.com/wrf-model/WPS)</li> </ul> </li> <li>Namelist files <ul> <li>namelist.hrldas.ROOT - Model namelist settings used for ROOT experiment</li> <li>namelist.hrldas.SOIL - Model namelist settings used for SOIL experiment</li> <li>namelist.hrldas.GW - Model namelist settings used for GW experiment</li> <li>namelist.hrldas.CONTROL - Model namelist settings used for FD (CONTROL) experiment</li> </ul> </li> </ul>
Database Manuscript Temperature and moisture are minor drivers of regional-scale soil organic carbon dynamics - Gonzalez Dominguez et al
<p>The database contained the data used in the manuscript <strong>Temperature and moisture are minor drivers of regional-scale soil organic carbon dynamics, by Gonzalez Dominguez et al. </strong></p>
SOIL-WATERGRIDS v1, mapping dynamic changes in soil moisture and depth of water table from 1970 to 2014, dataset and modelling
<p>SOIL-WATERGRIDS is a comprehensive data product of the monthly estimates of volumetric soil water content at three depths within the root zone and the depth of the water table globally gridded at a resolution of 0.25x025 degree per grid cell from 1970 to 2014. The SOIL-WATERGRIDS data product also provides the full-scale global model (BRTSim, https://sites.google.com/site/thebrtsimproject/home) that allows third party users to assess the entire volumetric soil water content and water table dynamics from land surface to 50 m depth. </p> <p>This package includes a Technical Documentation with the details about the use of the data product.</p>
Dataset: Remotely sensed soil moisture can capture dynamics relevant to plant water uptake
<p><strong>Dataset Description</strong><br> Stable isotope water uptake profiles were consulted across 45 datasets to determine the primary zone of root water uptake ("Uptake Range Top" to "Uptake Range Bottom"), whether the uptake increases in proportion nearer to the surface ("Decay of Water Uptake With Depth"), and whether uptake temporarily switches to shallow soils ("Temporary Uptake of Upper Layers"). More details on the data collection are shared in our Water Resources Research publication (in revision).</p> <p>Correlation length scales, or the effective depth of representation of L-band satellite soil moisture, are estimates in Short Gianotti et al. 2019 using SMAP surface soil moisture and GPM precipitation retrievals.</p> <p><strong>Citations</strong><br> Those that use the stable isotope table are asked to cite our Water Resources Research publication (in revision) as well as the 45 references contributing to the table.<br> Those that use the correlation length scale dataset are asked to cite:<br> Short Gianotti, D.J., Salvucci, G.D., Akbar, R., McColl, K.A., Cuenca, R., Entekhabi, D., 2019. Landscape water storage and subsurface correlation from satellite surface soil moisture and precipitation observations. Water Resour. Res. 9111–9132. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019wr025332</p>
Local controls modify the effects of timber harvesting on surface soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics
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Eco-evolutionary dynamics of anthelmintic resistance in soil-transmitted helminths
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Machine learning reveals dynamic controls of soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from diverse long-term cropping systems
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Plant and soil organic matter responses to ten years of nutrient enrichment in the Nutrient Network:Nutrient Network. A cross-site investigation of bottom-up control over herbaceous plant community dynamics and ecosystem function
This experiment is one implementation of a globally distributed experiment, known as the Nutrient Network. At Cedar Creek, as in over 70 other sites in grasslands around the world, the experiment aims to describe impacts of increased nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and other metals) and decreased herbivory (removal of mammals by fencing). Two overarching questions are being explored with these manipulations: 1. To what extent are plant production and diversity co-limited by multiple nutrients in herbaceous-dominated communities? 2. Under what conditions do grazers or fertilization control plant biomass, diversity, and composition? By utilizing identical protocols at diverse grassland sites around the world, NutNet aims to uncover both the generalities in ecosystem functioning, and the contingencies or differences which can obscure those common mechanisms. In addition to the standard NutNet protocol, e247 includes an additional low Nitrogen gradient (1 gram Nitrogen per meter squared per year and 5 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year in addition to the standard 10 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year).
In situ soil N mineralization in gopher mounds and soil under gopher mounds:Experiment 014 - Successional Dynamics on a Resampled Chronosequence
The purpose of this observational study is to describe the dynamics of ecosystem succession. The change in the number, type, and amount of plant and grazing animal species is monitored in more than 20 fields. These fields were previously cultivated, but then abandoned from agriculture at various times in the past. The fields were left undisturbed for plants to develop from seeds within the soil or brought into the fields by wind or animals. Permanent transects have been established in these abandoned fields for purposes of sampling in a consistent location from year to year. Permanent plots along these transects have been used to sample soil nutrients, (in particular, nitrogen) abundance of vegetation, species composition and herbivore populations. The sampling occurs approximately every 6 years. In the initial survey, 100 quadrats of size 1 by 0.5 m were sampled per field in 23 different fields. Abandoned fields included in E014 are 4, 5, 10, 21, 24, 26, 27, 28, 32, 35, 39, 40, 41, 44, 45, 47, 53, 70, 72, 76, 77. Fields 22(B), 29(A), and 69(C) were originally included in E014 but used for other purposes shortly after the start of the study. This experiment was established in 1983 and 1989 by principal investigators Johannes Knops and David Tilman. Past work at CDR and elsewhere has demonstrated an overriding influence of fire frequency in maintaining prairie openings and oak savanna at the prairie-forest border. Fire regimes harm some types of species while favoring others and drive light and nutrient dynamics, which in turn drive community functional attributes and diversity levels. Ultimately, fire frequency interacts with climate, N deposition, land use, and biotic invasion to determine the outcomes of tree-grass interactions and the dynamics of vegetation at ecotones such as the prairie-forest border in Minnesota. In 2006 each field was divided in half, and one half randomly chosen for periodic prescribed burning (a fire every other year). We anticipate that th
Survey of the impacts of an invasive grass (Microstegium vimineum) on soil C and N dynamics in western North Carolina
A survey of soil carbon, nitrogen, plant, and litter decomposition dynamics was conducted along a land-use gradient extending NW from Asheville, NC in the French Broad River Watershed. We selected 12 forest sites between 580 and 780m in elevation. Within each site, there were four paired invaded-uninvaded plots (48 pairs; 96 plots). Invaded plots contained populations of Microstegium vimineum. Soil C pools, soil N pools and transformations, plant community dynamics and litter decomposition rates were quantified in each plot.
Measurements of N cycling dynamics in the soils of the Ice Storm Experiment (ISE) plots at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest
As the climate changes, it is thought that ice storms will begin to occur with increasing frequency. This project evaluates the damage and changes ice storms cause to northern hardwood forests in nutrient cycling. Ten 20x30 meter plots were established in a predominately sugar maple stand, with 4 icing treatments and 2 control plots. This data set includes soil nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+) concentrations, microbial biomass carbon (C ) and nitrogen (N) content, microbial respiration, potential nitrification and N mineralization rates determined via lab incubation and in situ field incubations, denitrification potential, and organic matter content monitored in the Ice Storm Experiment plots at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest from 2015-2017.
Temporal Dynamics of Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Resources Within a Grassland-Creosote Ecotone at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico (1992-1994)
Plant communities across large portions of the southwestern United States have shifted from grassland to desert shrubland. Studies have demonstrated that soil nutrient resources become spatially more heterogeneous and are redistributed into islands of fertility with this shift in vegetation. This research addressed the additional question of whether soil resources become more temporally heterogeneous along a grassland-shrubland ecotome. Within adjacent grassland and creosotebush sites, soil profiles were described at 3 pits and samples collected for description of nutrient resources within the profile. Relative cover of plant species and bare soil were determined within each site by line transects. The top 20-cm of bare soil or soil beneath the canopy of grasses/creosotebush were collected 17 times during 1992-1994. Soil samples were analyzed for soil moisture, extractable ammonium and nitrate, nitrogen mineralization potential, microbial biomass carbon, total organic carbon, microbial respiration, dehydrogenase activity, ratio of microbial C to total C (C[mic]-to-C[org]), and microbial respiration to biomass carbon (metabolic quotient). The major differences in the structure of soils between sites were the apparent loss of a 3 to 5-cm depth of sandy surface soil at the creosotebush site and an associated increase in calcium carbonate content at a more shallow depth. Soils under plants at both sites had greater total and available nutrient resources with higher concentrations under creosotebush than under grasses. Greatest temporal variation in available soil resources was shown in soils under creosotebush. When expressed on an area basis, greater temporal variation in the total amount of available soil resources was shown in the grassland site, primarily due to greater plant cover (45% in grassland vs. 8% in creosote).
Impact of cellulose-rich organic soil amendments on growth dynamics and pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia solani
<p>Cellulose-rich amendments stimulate saprotrophic fungi in arable soils. This may increase competitive and antagonistic interactions with root-infecting pathogenic fungi, resulting in lower disease incidence. However, cellulose-rich amendments may also stimulate pathogenic fungi with saprotrophic abilities, thereby increasing plant disease severity. The current study explores these scenarios, with a focus on the pathogenic fungus <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i>. Saprotrophic growth of <i>R. solani</i> on cellulose-rich materials was tested in vitro. This confirmed paper pulp as a highly suitable substrate for <i>R. solani</i>, whereas its performance on wood sawdusts varied with tree species. In two pot experiments, the effects of amendment of <i>R. solani</i>-infected soil with cellulose-rich materials on performance of beetroot seedlings were tested. All deciduous sawdusts and paper pulp stimulated soil fungal biomass, but only oak, elder and beech sawdusts reduced damping-off of beetroot. Oak sawdust amendment gave a consistent stimulation of saprotrophic Sordariomycetes fungi and of seedling performance, independently of the time between amendment and sowing. In contrast, paper pulp caused a short-term increase in <i>R. solani</i> abundance, coinciding with increased disease severity for beet seedlings sown immediately after amendment. However, damping-off of beetroot was reduced if plants were sown two or four weeks after paper pulp amendment. Cellulolytic bacteria, including <i>Cytophagaceae</i>, responded to paper pulp during the first two weeks and may have counteracted further spread of <i>R. solani</i>. The results showed that fungus-stimulating, cellulose-rich amendments have potential to be used for suppression of <i>R. solani</i>. However, such amendments require a careful consideration of material choice and application strategy.</p>
Data from: Effects of soil type and light on height growth, biomass partitioning, and nitrogen dynamics on 22 species of tropical dry forest tree seedlings: comparisons between legumes and nonlegumes
PREMISE OF THE STUDY: The seedling stage is particularly vulnerable to resource limitation, with potential consequences for community composition. We investigated how light and soil variation affected early growth, biomass partitioning, morphology, and physiology of 22 tree species common in tropical dry forest, including eight legumes. Our hypothesis was that legume seedlings are better at taking advantage of increased resource availability, which contributes to their successful regeneration in tropical dry forests. METHODS: We grew seedlings in a full-factorial design under two light levels in two soil types that differed in nutrient concentrations and soil moisture. We measured height biweekly and, at final harvest, biomass partitioning, internode segments, leaf carbon, nitrogen, δ 13 C, and δ 15 N. KEY RESULTS: Legumes initially grew taller and maintained that height advantage over time under all experimental conditions. Legumes also had the highest final total biomass and water-use efficiency in the high-light and high-resource soil. For nitrogen-fixing legumes, the amount of nitrogen derived from fixation was highest in the richer soil. Although seed mass tended to be larger in legumes, seed size alone did not account for all the differences between legumes and nonlegumes. Both belowground and aboveground resources were limiting to early seedling growth and function. CONCLUSIONS: Legumes may have a different regeneration niche, in that they germinate rapidly and grow taller than other species immediately after germination, maximizing their performance when light and belowground resources are readily available, and potentially permitting them to take advantage of high light, nutrient, and water availability at the beginning of the wet season.
data for publication "Dynamics of soil nitrogen and N-cycling-related genes following the application of biobased fertilizers"
<p>Dataset for the scientific publication titled "Dynamics of soil nitrogen and N-cycling-related genes following the application of biobased fertilizers" in the Journal <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/applied-soil-ecology">Applied Soil Ecology</a>. </p><p><a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2023.105033">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2023.105033</a> </p>
Empirical data and model simulations of the effect of repeated hurricanes on soil carbon dynamics in a humid tropical forest
<p>Increasing hurricane frequency and intensity with climate change is likely to affect soil organic carbon (C) stocks in tropical forests. We examined the cycling of C between soil pools and with depth at the Luquillo Experimental Forest in Puerto Rico in soils over a 30-year period that spanned repeated hurricanes. We used a non-linear matrix model of soil C pools and fluxes ("soilR") and constrained the parameters with soil and litter survey data. Soil chemistry and stable and radiocarbon isotopes were measured from three soil depths across a topographic gradient in 1988 and 2018. Our results suggest that pulses and subsequent reduction of inputs caused by severe hurricanes in 1989, 1998, and two in 2017 led to faster mean transit times and younger mean ages of soil C in the particulate, occluded, and mineral-associated soil organic matter pools at 0–10 cm and 35–60 cm depths relative to a modeled control soil with constant inputs over the thirty years. Between 1988 and 2018, the occluded C stock increased, and d<sup>13</sup>C in all pools decreased, while changes in particulate and mineral-associated C were undetectable. The differences between 1988 and 2018 suggest that hurricane disturbance results in a dilution of the occluded light C pool with an influx of young, debris-deposited C, and possible microbial scavenging of old and young C in the particulate and mineral-associated pools. These effects led to a younger total soil C pool with faster mean transit times. Our results suggest that increasing frequency of intense hurricanes will speed up rates of C cycling in tropical forests, and eventually lead to net losses of C from tropical forest soils.</p>
Data for: Nitrogen dynamics and carbon sequestration in soil following application of digestates from one- and two-step anaerobic digestion
<p>Data set for article <span>Nitrogen dynamics and carbon sequestration in soil following application of digestates from one- and two-step anaerobic digestion (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158177).</span></p>
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OpenNeuro
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