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49 results for “soil isotopes”
The natural abundance of stable water isotopes method may overestimate deep-layer soil water use by trees
<p>The dataset is the basic data of the author's paper 'The natural abundance of stable water isotopes method may overestimate deep-layer soil water use by trees'. The main content of this paper is to study the water use strategy of trees in deep vadose zone regions by first identifying the soil layer depths from which trees derive their water source using isotopic labeling in deep layers and then calculating water sources based on the natural abundance of stable isotopes. We also compared the results with the natural abundance of stable water isotopes method. Taking apple plantation as an example, the data set includes the soil moisture, isotopic value in soil water, xylem water and precipitation.</p>
Data from: Uncorrected soil water isotopes through cryogenic vacuum distillation may lead to a false estimation of plant water sources
<p><span>Successful use of stable isotopes (δ<sup>2</sup>H and δ<sup>18</sup>O) in ecohydrological studies relies on the accurate extraction of unfractionated water from different types of soil samples. Cryogenic vacuum distillation (CVD) is a common laboratory-based technique used for soil water extraction; however, the reliability of this technique in reflecting soil water δ<sup>2</sup>H and δ<sup>18</sup>O is still of concern. </span><span>This study examines the </span><span>reliability of a newly developed automatic cryogenic vacuum distillation (ACVD) system through a set of pure water extraction. The impacts of extraction parameters (i.e., extraction time, temperature, and vacuum) and soil properties on the recovery of soil water δ<sup>2</sup>H and δ<sup>18</sup>O were further assessed for the ACVD and traditional extraction systems (TCVD) systems. Finally, the potential influences of the CVD technique on the prediction of plant water uptake were investigated through a sensitivity analysis. </span><span>We demonstrated that the ACVD system was reliable for recovering the isotopic composition of pure water, with negligible biases of − 0.1 ± 0.3‰ for δ<sup>2</sup>H and 0.04 ± 0.09‰ for δ<sup>18</sup>O. Both ACVD and TCVD similarly extracted water from the rewetted soils when the extraction time of the ACVD system reached 240 min, but none of the CVD systems successfully recovered the isotopic signatures of doped water from soil materials. </span><span>Mean </span><span>δ</span><sup><span>2</span></sup><span>H </span><span>offsets</span><span> of extracted soil water were − 2.6 ± 1.3‰ and − 2.4 ± 1.7‰ for ACVD and TCVD, respectively; while mean δ<sup>18</sup>O </span><span>offsets</span><span> were − 0.16 ± 0.14‰ and − 0.39 ± 0.37‰. The isotopic offsets of CVD systems were positively correlated with soil clay content, and negatively correlated with soil water content. The use of corrected soil data (with CVD offsets) could improve the prediction of plant water uptake based on its high correlation with environmental factors. </span><span>This study identifies the isotopic offsets of CVD systems (i.e., ACVD and TCVD) and provides possible solutions for better-predicting plant water sources. Even so, the wide use of CVD techniques probably induces noticeable uncertainties in predicting plant water uptake depths. The </span><span>dataset of soil water extraction </span><span>in this study</span><span> will have implications for the technological development of CVD techniques.</span></p>
C-isotopic signatures and soil properties of Amazon basin oxisols
<p>This dataset presents C isotopic data from two sites (Apuí and Manacapuru) located in the state of Amazonas, Brazil. Soils were sampled at three time periods, under weak raining (March-2016), extreme dry (August-2016), and strong wet (March-2017) conditions. The dataset first presents general information about the site (on the tab "site"), followed by more detailed information (on the tab "profile") about both sampling locations. The coordinates, altitude, mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, soil order in USDA taxonomy and their respective land use categories and vegetation classifications are described. </p> <p>On the 'layer' tab, information about the soil depth, percent sand, silt and clay, pH CaCl2 and H2O, Organic and Total Carbon, total nitrogen and carbon/nitrogen ratio are described. The bulk C-isotopic signature is also listed on this tab as the Bulk Layer Δ14C and its standard deviation, Bulk Layer Fraction Modern and its standard deviation. </p> <p>The "Incubation" tab describes details of the soil incubations conducted at Apuí and Manacapuru. Information about the material and length of incubation, as well as the CO2 fluxes over the duration of incubation are reported. The respired C-isotopic signature during the incubation is also given on this tab as the incubation Δ14C and its standard deviation, incubation Fraction Modern and its standard deviation. </p>
δ15N of nitric oxide produced under aerobic or anaerobic conditions from seven soils and their associated N isotope fractionations
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Transparent soil microcosms for live-cell imaging and non-destructive stable isotope probing of soil microorganisms
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Data from: New perspectives on soil animal trophic ecology through the lens of C and N stable isotope ratios of oribatid mites
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An isotope study on Nitrogen and Phosphorus use efficiency and movement in soil in a mimicked vermicompost-based organo-mineral fertilizer
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Data from: Uncorrected soil water isotopes through cryogenic vacuum distillation may lead to a false estimation of plant water sources
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Data from: Long-term drought triggers contrasting responses of foliar stable nitrogen isotopes and soil available nitrogen in a subtropical forest
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Trophic structure and origin of resources of soil macrofauna in the salt marsh of the Wadden Sea: a stable isotope (15N,13C) study
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Data from: Quantifying soil gaseous nitrogen losses from nitrification and denitrification based on nitrogen isotope model
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Regional differences in soil stable isotopes and vibrational features at depth in three California Grasslands
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Permafrost soil database with information on site, topography, geomorphology, hydrology, soil stratigraphy, soil carbon, ground ice isotopes, and vegetation at thermokarst features near Toolik and Noatak River, 2009-2013
This database contains soil and permafrost stratigraphy associated with thermokarst features near Toolik Lake and the Noatak River collected by Torre Jorgenson and Andrew Balser during summers 2009-2011. The Access Database has main data tables (tbl_) for site (environmental), soil stratigraphy, soil physical data, soil chemical data, soil isotopes (ground ice), soil radiocarbon dates, topography and bathymetry, and vegetation cover. The site data includes information of location, observers, geomorphology, topography, hydrology, soil summary characteristics, pH and EC, soil classification, and vegetation cover by species. Soil stratigrapy has information on soil texture and ground ice. Soil physical and chemical data includes lab data on bulk density, moisture, carbon, and nitrogen. The database has 37 reference tables (REF_) that have codes and descriptions for variables used in site, soil stratigraphy, and vegetation cover tables.
Dataset: Seasonality, drivers, and isotopic composition of soil CO2 fluxes from tropical forests of the Congo Basin
<p>These data sets contain data from soil CO2 flux measurements and its drivers (soil moisture, soil temperature) from lowland and montane tropical forests of the Congo Basin. Additionally, 13C values of soil emitted CO2, SOC, Leaflitter, and stream dissolved CO2 are reported. A Manuscript using these data sets has been submitted to Biogeosciences</p>
Isotopic analysis: How our community analyzes soil and plant water samples for their isotopic composition
<p>As part of a project to develop a common methodological framework for water sampling, extraction, and isotopic analysis to study vegetation water use, we conducted an informal survey of current practices. A simple questionnaire via Google form was sent out to all members of the WATer isotopeS in the critical zONE (WATSON) European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action (#19120, 2020-2024) between July and September 2021. In this repository, we've included a brief write-up of this survey and the survey data. </p>
Data from: Spatial variation in throughfall, soil, and plant water isotopes in a temperate forest
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Data from: Differences in nitrogen cycling between tropical dry forests with contrasting precipitation revealed by stable isotopes of nitrogen in plants and soils
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Stable isotope signatures of soil nitrogen on an environmental-geomorphic gradient within the Congo Basin
<p>Stable isotope signatures of soil N of three different forest types within the Congo Basin. </p>
Data from: Convergence of soil nitrogen isotopes across global climate gradients
Quantifying global patterns of terrestrial nitrogen (N) cycling is central to predicting future patterns of primary productivity, carbon sequestration, nutrient fluxes to aquatic systems, and climate forcing. With limited direct measures of soil N cycling at the global scale, syntheses of the 15N:14N ratio of soil organic matter across climate gradients provide key insights into understanding global patterns of N cycling. In synthesizing data from over 6000 soil samples, we show strong global relationships among soil N isotopes, mean annual temperature (MAT), mean annual precipitation (MAP), and the concentrations of organic carbon and clay in soil. In both hot ecosystems and dry ecosystems, soil organic matter was more enriched in 15N than in corresponding cold ecosystems or wet ecosystems. Below a MAT of 9.8°C, soil δ15N was invariant with MAT. At the global scale, soil organic C concentrations also declined with increasing MAT and decreasing MAP. After standardizing for variation among mineral soils in soil C and clay concentrations, soil δ15N showed no consistent trends across global climate and latitudinal gradients. Our analyses could place new constraints on interpretations of patterns of ecosystem N cycling and global budgets of gaseous N loss.
Data from: Contrasting nitrogen cycling between herbaceous wetland and terrestrial ecosystems inferred from plant and soil nitrogen isotopes across China
<p><span>Understanding nitrogen (N) cycling in different ecosystems is crucial to predicting and mitigating the global effects of altered N inputs. Although wetlands have always been assumed to differ largely from terrestrial ecosystems in N cycling, evidence from direct comparison from the field along wide environmental gradients is lacking. Here, we hypothesized strong coupling of plant and soil δ<sup>15</sup>N in terrestrial ecosystems due to lower N inputs and losses but weak coupling of plant and soil δ<sup>15</sup>N in wetlands because of higher N inputs and losses.</span></p> <p><span>We performed a large-scale field investigation on 26 pairs of herbaceous wetland and terrestrial sites across China covering 21 degrees of latitude and determined natural abundance of nitrogen isotopes (δ<sup>15</sup>N) in soils and leaves of 346 dominant and subordinate plant species. We analysed the relationships between leaf and soil δ<sup>15</sup>N and their drivers including plant functional types in these two types of ecosystems.</span></p> <p><span>Plant functional types including mycorrhizal type and N2-fixing status had consistently significant influences on leaf δ<sup>15</sup>N in herbaceous wetland and terrestrial ecosystems. Leaf δ<sup>15</sup>N increased significantly with soil δ<sup>15</sup>N within and across mycorrhizal types in both ecosystems, and, as hypothesized, the relationships were stronger and steeper in terrestrial than in wetland ecosystems. Moreover, leaf and soil δ<sup>15</sup>N were positively and significantly correlated within both N<sub>2</sub>-fixers and non-fixers in terrestrial ecosystems and within only non-N<sub>2</sub>-fixers in wetlands. At the community level, we also found more highly significant relationships between leaf and soil δ<sup>15</sup>N in terrestrial than in wetland ecosystems. Besides plant functional types, climatic and soil factors contributed to the variation in leaf δ<sup>15</sup>N in both ecosystems.</span></p> <p><span><em>Synthesis.</em> Weaker relationships between plant and soil δ<sup>15</sup>N in wetlands at species and community levels supports the hypothesis that larger N inputs and losses lead to weaker coupling in the plant-soil systems in wetlands than in terrestrial ecosystems. This provides strong evidence from a large spatial scale for contrasting N cycling in these two types of ecosystems regardless of plant functional type in terms of nutrient uptake strategy. Our findings add to our predictive power of ecosystem N dynamics under environmental changes, e.g. land-use changes and elevated N inputs.</span></p>
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