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33 results for “spatial occurrence”
Spatial Occurrence Data from The Ornithological Collection of The Emeritus Professor Kazi Zaker Husain Museum of the Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka
<p>Natural history collections are important as they provide significant information about biogeography and conservation. Occurrence data from such collections aid our understanding of species distribution, provide valuable information about historical geographic ranges and shed light on habitat loss. Here, we report such occurrence data collected from the avian collections of the Emeritus Professor Kazi Zaker Husain Museum of the Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka which holds Bangladesh's largest natural history collection. We restored the specimens with mild damage. As no register of collections was found, we examined bird skins to identify species and associated field slips attached to the tarsus for any available information. We extracted the date and the place of collection, the name of the collectors and identifiers where available. The data were digitized and details of all locations were geo-referenced. </p>
Data from: Distorted views of biodiversity: spatial and temporal bias in species occurrence data
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Data from: Integrating passive acoustic and visual data to model spatial patterns of occurrence in coastal dolphins
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The spatial analysis of biological interactions: morphological variation responding to the co-occurrence of competitors and resources
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Data from: Ecological correlates of the spatial co-occurrence of sympatric mammalian carnivores worldwide
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Data from: Fine scale spatial variability in the influence of environmental cycles on the occurrence of dolphins at coastal sites
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Species co-occurrence shapes spatial variability in plant diversity–biomass relationships in natural rangelands under different grazing intensities
<p>Grazing can alter plant species interactions in natural rangelands, which in turn might influence the productivity of the ecosystem but we do not fully understand how spatial variability in plant diversity-biomass relationships are modulated by grazing intensity. Here, we hypothesized that plant species co-occurrence in rangelands is mainly driven by niche segregation due to grazing and heterogeneity in local resources, and that grazing therefore modulates diversity–biomass relationships.<b> </b>We tested our hypothesis across 35 rangeland sites in Iran, using a species co-occurrence index to assess plant spatial aggregation within each site. At each site, we measured aboveground biomass, plant diversity, topography, soil nutrients and three levels of grazing intensity. High spatial segregation of plant communities (low species co-occurrence) was found at heavily grazed sites, whereas greater spatial aggregation (high species co-occurrence) was found on low and moderate grazed sites, showing varied associational patterns of species with grazing intensity. Soil nutrients increased with grazing intensity and spatial segregation of plant communities was greater at sites with high soil nutrient concentrations, indicating that grazing intensity influences the spatial heterogeneity of plant communities via nutrients deposited in urine and faeces. Declining plant biomass with grazing intensity was related to a strong decline in graminoid species diversity, which suggests that the diversity-biomass relationship is influenced by selective grazing of palatable species. The relationships between species co-occurrence and biomass or plant diversity suggest non-random patterns in species co-occurrences with grazing intensity, which could be the result of competition driven by high livestock grazing intensity. We therefore suggest that rangeland stocking rates should be managed properly to maintain rangeland production while promoting plant diversity.</p>
Assessing carnivore spatial co-occurrence and temporal overlap in the face of human interference in a semi-arid forest
<p>Apex predators drive top-down effects in ecosystems and the loss of such species can trigger mesopredator release. This ecological process has been well documented in human-modified small areas, but for management and conservation of ecological communities, it is important to know which human factors affect apex predator occurrence and which mediate mesopredators release at large scales. We hypothesized that mesopredators would avoid spatial and temporal overlap with the apex predator, the puma; but that human perturbations (i.e. cattle raising and trophy hunting) would dampen top-down effects and mediate habitat use. We installed 16 camera traps in each of 45, 10x10-km grid cells in the Caldén forest region of central Argentina resulting in 706 total stations covering 61,611km<sup>2</sup>. We used single-season occupancy and two-species co-occurrence models and calculated the species interaction factor (SIF) to explore the contributions of habitat, biotic, and anthropic variables in explaining co-occurrence between carnivore pairs. We also used kernel density estimation techniques to analyze temporal overlap in activity patterns of the carnivore guild. We found that puma habitat use increased with abundance of large prey and with proximity to protected areas. Geoffroy's cats and skunks spatially avoided pumas and this effect was strong and mediated by distance to protected areas and game reserves, but pumas did not influence pampas fox and pampas cat space use. At medium and low levels of puma occupancy, we found evidence of spatial avoidance between 3 pairs of mesocarnivores. All predators were mostly nocturnal and crepuscular across seasons and mesopredators showed little consistent evidence of changing activity patterns with varying levels of puma occupancy or human interference. We found potential for mesopredator release at large scale, especially on the spatial niche axis. Our results suggest that a combination of interacting factors, in conjunction with habitat features and intervening human activities, may make mesopredator release unlikely or difficult to discern at broad scales. Overall, we believe that promoting the creation of new protected areas linked by small forest patches would likely lead to increased predator and prey abundances, as well as the interactions among carnivores inside and outside of protected areas.</p>
Assessing carnivore spatial co-occurrence and temporal overlap in the face of human interference in a semi-arid forest
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Species co-occurrence shapes spatial variability in plant diversity–biomass relationships in natural rangelands under different grazing intensities
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Habituation to abrupt onset distractors with different spatial occurrence probability
<p>Dataset and experimental scripts related to the publication "Habituation to abrupt onset distractors with different spatial occurrence probability", by Matteo Valsecchi and Massimo Turatto, published in Attention, Perception & Psychophysics.</p> <p>The readme file inside the folder describes the contents.</p>
Hand1 gene replacement with Hand2 reveals overlap in function with unique occurrence of omphalocele and heart defects [Spatial Transcriptomics]
GEO Series GSE298742. Mus musculus. 15 samples. Type: Other.
Top-k comparison between spatial regions with respect to species occurrence
<h1>Abstract</h1> <p>Indicative species allow in their abundance the classification of biotopes, a spatially limited area with adapted species. However, because species interact between biotopes, it is also interesting to group biotopes together that are functionally or spatially related to each other, called biotop complexes, leading to implications for nature conservation measures. The classification of biotop complexes poses some challenges, as appropriate methods are still lacking. Building on existing studies from Edler et al. 2016 and Pang et al. 2023 this study presents a new framework that supports the objective identification of indicative species in biotop complexes and enables the searchability of biotop complexes using a localized search engine. This novel approach of using a search engine allows for a finer granularity of resolution, as biotop complexes were not sorted into rigid classes, but individually compared to each other based on a similar indicator species composition, which allow a more precise adaption of nature conservation measures. As a proof of concept, this thesis therefore attempts to answer the question whether biotop complexes with a similar indicator species composition produce similar indicative species in the framework. To support this study, an example dataset was created based on biotop locations in the National Park Kellerwald-Edersee and plant species records from Becker, Frede, and Lehmann 1996 of the national park area. For the implementation, the national park area was divided into cells and in each cell the indicative species were grouped and determined by an indicator species analysis. The indicative species were stored in the search engine and thus allowed the search of cells and therefore biotop complexes by their indicative species. The results showed that the predictions of indicative species by the framework depended on the cell size, as the cell size affected properties such as the biotopes intersecting with the cell or the number of plant species found by the framework. The number of biotop complexes with similar biotop compositions, as well as the similarity of their framework predicted indicative species, also depended on the cell size, while the overall similarity of the indicative species in these biotop complexes tended to be low. Additionally as the creation of the example dataset and the determination of the indicative species show a huge influence on the predictive capabilities of the framework, this thesis offers connection possibilities for future research. This thesis provides a solid foundation upon which future research can be built. The next steps to optimize the various customization options provided by the framework and to determine the optimal cell size to increase the significance of the framework's predictions allowing the framework to support future nature conservation management.</p>
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