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736 results for “species differentiation”
Figure 2 in Rediagnosis of Palaemon and differentiation of southern Australian species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae)
Figure 2. Migration of the carapace spine during growth to final position. a–e, Palaemon intermedius; f–j, Palaemon dolospina. Body lengths of shrimps (mm): a, 6.0; b, 6.2; c, 6.5; d, 6.6; e, 6.6; f, 6.3; g, 6.2; h, 6.3; i, 6.8; j, 8.4.
Figure 5. Palaemon intermedius. a–f, pereopods 1–5 in Rediagnosis of Palaemon and differentiation of southern Australian species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae)
Figure 5. Palaemon intermedius. a–f, pereopods 1–5; b details of chela of pereopod 1 (male, 28.0 mm). g, h, pleopods 1, 2 (male); i, j, pleopods 1, 2 (female). k, telson. l, appendix masculina.
Figure 1 in Rediagnosis of Palaemon and differentiation of southern Australian species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae)
Figure 1. SEMs of carapace spines. a, Macrobrachium rosenbergii; b, Palaemon serenus; c, Palaemonetes australis; d, Palaemon intermedius; e, Palaemon dolospina.
Figure 4. Palaemon intermedius. a in Rediagnosis of Palaemon and differentiation of southern Australian species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae)
Figure 4. Palaemon intermedius. a, rostrum (female, 33.2 mm); b, rostrum (male, 20.8 mm); c, carapace spine (female, 30.2 mm); d, e, antennule and scaphocerite (female, 30.2 mm); f, scaphocerite (male, 28.0 mm); g, mandible; h, maxillule; i, maxilla; j–l, maxillipeds 1–3; m, mandible of post-larva (all mouthparts, female, 30.2 mm).
Figure 7. Palaemon dolospina. a–f, pereopods 1–5 in Rediagnosis of Palaemon and differentiation of southern Australian species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae)
Figure 7. Palaemon dolospina. a–f, pereopods 1–5; b details of chela of pereopod 1 (male, 32.8 mm). g, h, pleopods 1, 2 (male); i, j, pleopods 1, 2 (female). k, telson. l, appendix masculina.
Figure 6. Palaemon dolospina. a in Rediagnosis of Palaemon and differentiation of southern Australian species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae)
Figure 6. Palaemon dolospina. a, rostrum (female, 31.8 mm); b, rostrum (male, 32.8 mm); c, carapace spine (female, 31.8 mm); d, e, antennule and scaphocerite (female, 31.8 mm); f, scaphocerite (male, 31.8 mm); g, mandible; h, maxillule; i, maxilla; j–l, maxillipeds 1–3 (all mouthparts, female, 31.8 mm).
Figure 3. Habitus with colour pattern. a in Rediagnosis of Palaemon and differentiation of southern Australian species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae)
Figure 3. Habitus with colour pattern. a, Palaemon dolospina; b, telson of P. dolospina; c, Palaemon intermedius.
Climate adaptation and genetic differentiation in the mosquito species Culex tarsalis
<p>The increasing prevalence of vector-borne diseases around the world highlights the pressing need for an in-depth exploration of the genetic and environmental factors that shape the adaptability and widespread distribution of mosquito populations. This research focuses on <em>Culex tarsalis</em>, a principal vector for various viral diseases including West Nile Virus (WNV). Through the development of a new reference genome and the examination of Restriction-Site Associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) data from over 300 individuals and 28 locations, we demonstrate that variables such as temperature, evaporation rates, and the density of vegetation significantly impact the genetic makeup of <em>Cx. tarsalis</em> populations. Among the alleles most strongly associated with environmental factors is a nonsynonymous mutation in a key gene related to circadian rhythms. These results offer new insights into the mechanisms of spread and adaptation in a key North American vector species, which is poised to become a growing health threat to both humans and animals in the face of ongoing climate change.</p>
Fig 9 in A new species of Macrocypraea (Gastropoda, Cypraeidae) from Trindade Island, Brazil, including phenotypic differentiation from remaining congeneric species
Fig 9. Macrocypraea cervus anatomy. (A) Foregut, left view, some structures deflected, (B) Same, ventral view, opened longitudinally, odontophore removed. Scales = 5 mm. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225963.g009
Fig 8 in A new species of Macrocypraea (Gastropoda, Cypraeidae) from Trindade Island, Brazil, including phenotypic differentiation from remaining congeneric species
Fig 8. Macrocypraea cervus anatomy. (A) Whole specimen extracted from shell, left view, visceral mass slightly deflected upwards. (B) Head-foot, male, right view.; (C) Pallial roof and visceral mass, ventral view, portion of gill ventral to pericardium removed, anterior region of digestive gland (dg) and hypobranchial gland (HG) partially sectioned transversally, transverse section of indicated region of capsule gland (cg) also shown. (D) Right mantle lobe, middle region, outer view. (E) Head, ventral view, foot and columellar muscle removed. Scales = 5 mm. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225963.g008
Fig 3 in A new species of Macrocypraea (Gastropoda, Cypraeidae) from Trindade Island, Brazil, including phenotypic differentiation from remaining congeneric species
Fig 3. Macrocypraea spp shells and in situ. (A-D) M. mammoth paratype MZSP 108077 (L 95.8 mm). (A) Dorsal view. (B) Apertural view. (C) Right view. (D) Left view. E) M. mammoth MZSP 108079 subadult specimen (L 80.4 mm), dorsal view. (F) Same, apertural view. (G) M. cervus MZSP 8149, from Mexico (L 152.9 mm), Apertural view. (H) Same, dorsal view. (I-K) M. cervus ANSP 93276, from Florida (L 129.4 mm). (I) Apertural view. (J) Dorsal view (broken). (K) Same, specimen and dorsal shell wall removed. (L) Alive paratypes in situ.; (M) Alive holotype in situ. (N-P) M. cervus, MZSP 115362, from Cuba (L 98.5 mm). (N) Apertural view. (O) Dorsal view. (P) Right view. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225963.g003
Fig 1 in A new species of Macrocypraea (Gastropoda, Cypraeidae) from Trindade Island, Brazil, including phenotypic differentiation from remaining congeneric species
Fig 1. Schematic map of Americas showing approximate extension of the four studied species, color as indicated. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225963.g001
Fig 7 in A new species of Macrocypraea (Gastropoda, Cypraeidae) from Trindade Island, Brazil, including phenotypic differentiation from remaining congeneric species
Fig 7. Macrocypraea mammoth anatomy. (A) Female genital system and adjacent structures as in situ, ventral view, transverse section artificially done in middle region of pallial oviduct, ovary (oy) only partially shown, kidney not shown in details. (B) Foregut, ventral view, opened longitudinally, odontophore (od) deflected to left. (C) Anterior male genital structures, dorsal view, topology of right tentacle (te) also shown. (D) Detail of middle region of pallial oviduct, dorsal view, bursa copulatrix (bc) artificially sectioned in two regions. Scales = 5 mm. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225963.g007
Fig 12. Macrocypraea, 3D in A new species of Macrocypraea (Gastropoda, Cypraeidae) from Trindade Island, Brazil, including phenotypic differentiation from remaining congeneric species
Fig 12. Macrocypraea, 3D reconstructions of shells (CT-Scan). (A-F) M. cervinetta MZSP 131503 (L 58 mm). (A) Frontal view. (B) Same, more ventral portions removed. (C) Anterior view; (D) Posterior view. (E) Right view, right half removed. (F) Same, longitudinal section along columellar axis. (G-L) M. zebra MZSP 38946 (L 100 mm). (G) Frontal view. (H) Same, more ventral portions removed. (I) Anterior view. (J) Posterior view. (K), Right view, right half removed. (L) Same, longitudinal section along columellar axis. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225963.g012
Fig 11. Macrocypraea cervus, 3D in A new species of Macrocypraea (Gastropoda, Cypraeidae) from Trindade Island, Brazil, including phenotypic differentiation from remaining congeneric species
Fig 11. Macrocypraea cervus, 3D reconstructions of shell (CT-Scan) MZSP 121238 (L 98.5 mm). (A) Frontal view. (B) Same, more ventral portions removed. (C) Anterior view.(D) Posterior view. (E), Right view, right half removed. (F) Same, longitudinal section along columellar axis.
Fig 10 in A new species of Macrocypraea (Gastropoda, Cypraeidae) from Trindade Island, Brazil, including phenotypic differentiation from remaining congeneric species
Fig 10. Macrocypraea cervus anatomy. (A) Visceral mass, male, ventral view, partially uncoiled. (B) Right region of pallial cavity floor and penis, dorsalslightly posterior view, transverse section in two indicated regions also shown. (C) Central nervous system, ventral view. Scales = 5 mm. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225963.g010
Fig 5 in A new species of Macrocypraea (Gastropoda, Cypraeidae) from Trindade Island, Brazil, including phenotypic differentiation from remaining congeneric species
Fig 5. Macrocypraea mammoth anatomy. (A) Head-foot, male, right view. (B) Pallial roof and visceral mass, ventral view, portion of gill ventral to pericardium removed. Scales = 10 mm. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225963.g005
FIGURE 5 in Genetic differentiation through dispersal and isolation in two freshwater fish species from coastal basins of Northeastern Brazil
FIGURE 5 | Time-calibrated phylogeny for samples of Prochilodus lacustris from Maranhão coastal basins and Tocantins basin. Time is in thousands of years. The color bars in the tree correspond to the populations presented in Fig. 3A.
FIGURE 4 in Genetic differentiation through dispersal and isolation in two freshwater fish species from coastal basins of Northeastern Brazil
FIGURE 4 | Time-calibrated phylogeny for samples of Schizodon dissimilis from coastal basins of northeastern Brazil. Time is in thousands of years. The color bars in the tree correspond to the populations presented in Fig. 2A.
FIGURE 3 in Genetic differentiation through dispersal and isolation in two freshwater fish species from coastal basins of Northeastern Brazil
FIGURE 3 | Distribution and haplotype structure of Prochilodus lacustris. A. Paleodrainage reconstruction of coastal basins from northeastern Brazil and geographic distribution of groups defined by SAMOVA. B. Estimate of the probable groups of populations produced by the BAPS. C. Haplotypes networks of mtDNA control region. All analysis recovered a total of six groups in this area, but the SAMOVA do not identify the same groups that other analysis. The colors used to highlight areas in the network correspond to populations in map.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.