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133 results for “sponge taxonomy”
Figure 14 in Taxonomy and description of clionaid sponges (Hadromerida, Clionaidae) from the Pacific Ocean of Mexico
Figure 14. External morphology of A, Cliona flavifodina; yellow specimen living in a small intertidal cornice. B, Cliona flavifodina at 5 m depth; arrow shows an oscule. C, Cliona euryphylla; Light orange specimen growing in alpha stage. Arrow shows ostial papillae. D, Orange Cliona euryphylla specimen; the arrow shows an ostial papillae surrounded by a patch of ectosomal tissue. E, Cliona euryphylla; light orange specimen growing in alpha stage at 6 m depth. Arrow shows an ostial papillae.
Figure 13 in Taxonomy and description of clionaid sponges (Hadromerida, Clionaidae) from the Pacific Ocean of Mexico
Figure 13. Cliona amplicavata: A, mucronated heads and tip of the tylostyles - in some specimens there is a small percentage of styles; B, rhaphide and its magnification; C, tylostyles, styles and rhaphides.
Figure 16 in Taxonomy and description of clionaid sponges (Hadromerida, Clionaidae) from the Pacific Ocean of Mexico
Figure 16. Cliona euryphylla: A, heads and tip of the tylostyles; B, spirasters and D, tylostyles from orange specimens; C, heads and E, spirasters from yellow specimens.
Figure 19 in Taxonomy and description of clionaid sponges (Hadromerida, Clionaidae) from the Pacific Ocean of Mexico
Figure 19. Pione carpenteri: A, head and tip of a tylostyle; B, oxeas with minute spines; C, straight microrhabds; D, detail of the ornamentation of the oxea.
Figure 10 in Taxonomy and description of clionaid sponges (Hadromerida, Clionaidae) from the Pacific Ocean of Mexico
Figure 10. Cliona raromicrosclera comb. nov.: A, heads and tip of the tylostyles; B, small tylostrongyles with secondary swelling; C, tylostyle; D, different forms of spirasters.
Figure 9 in Taxonomy and description of clionaid sponges (Hadromerida, Clionaidae) from the Pacific Ocean of Mexico
Figure 9. Multiple 'Box-and-Whisker' plot for tylostyle shaft width (A), and length (B) for Mediterranean and Pacific specimens.
Figure 8 in Taxonomy and description of clionaid sponges (Hadromerida, Clionaidae) from the Pacific Ocean of Mexico
Figure 8. Cliona californiana comb. nov.: skeletal arrangement close to the surface of a gamma stage.
Figure 25 in Taxonomy and description of clionaid sponges (Hadromerida, Clionaidae) from the Pacific Ocean of Mexico
Figure 25. Spheciospongia incrustans sp. nov.: A, heads of the tylostyles; B, spirasters and amphiasters.
Figure 5 in Taxonomy and description of clionaid sponges (Hadromerida, Clionaidae) from the Pacific Ocean of Mexico
Figure 5. Cliona vallartense sp. nov.: A, heads and tip of the tylostyles showing different modifications and secondary annular swelling; B, tylostyles; C, different forms of spirasters.
Figure 6 in Taxonomy and description of clionaid sponges (Hadromerida, Clionaidae) from the Pacific Ocean of Mexico
Figure 6. External morphology at different growth stages of Cliona californiana comb. nov. A, Specimen in alpha stage boring into a bivalve shell at 15 m depth. The arrow shows oscular papillae. B, Specimen in beta stage growing on rocks and calcareous algae, 5 m depth. C, Large, massive yellow specimen (gamma stage) at 1 m depth. D, Pink specimen growing in gamma stage, at 10 m depth. E, Specimen (C) out of the water. The arrows show collapsed papillae. F, Pink gamma stage with closed papillae.
Figure 1 in Taxonomy and description of clionaid sponges (Hadromerida, Clionaidae) from the Pacific Ocean of Mexico
Figure 1. Location of the sampling stations along the coast of Mexico. The numbers show the distribution of the species: (1) Cliona papillae sp. nov.; (2) Cliona vallartense sp. nov.; (3) Cliona californiana comb. nov.; (4) Cliona raromicrosclera comb. nov.; (5) Cliona amplicavata; (6) Cliona flavifodina; (7) Cliona euryphylla; (8) Cliona vermifera; (9) Pione carpenteri; (10) Pione mazatlanensis; (11) Thoosa calpulli sp. nov.; (12) Thoosa mismalolli sp. nov.; (13) Spheciospongia ruetzleri sp. nov.; (14) Spheciospongia incrustans sp. nov.
Figure 24 in Taxonomy and description of clionaid sponges (Hadromerida, Clionaidae) from the Pacific Ocean of Mexico
Figure 24. Spheciospongia ruetzleri sp. nov.: A, heads and tips of the tylostyles; B, tylostyles; C, spirasters.
Figure 21 in Taxonomy and description of clionaid sponges (Hadromerida, Clionaidae) from the Pacific Ocean of Mexico
Figure 21. Thoosa calpulli sp. nov.: A, amphiasters with microspined rays; B, different forms of smooth oxyasters; C, small spined oxea; D, smooth and spined centrotylote oxeas.
Fig. 6 in Fossil freshwater sponges: Taxonomy, geographic distribution, and critical review
Fig. 6. Geographic distribution of fossil freshwater sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae, Spongillida).
Figure 18 in Taxonomy and description of clionaid sponges (Hadromerida, Clionaidae) from the Pacific Ocean of Mexico
Figure 18. Cliona vermifera: A, heads and tips of the tylostyles; B, smooth spirasters.
Figure 17 in Taxonomy and description of clionaid sponges (Hadromerida, Clionaidae) from the Pacific Ocean of Mexico
Figure 17. Cliona euryphylla: Cross section of the body close to the surface.
Figure 11 in Taxonomy and description of clionaid sponges (Hadromerida, Clionaidae) from the Pacific Ocean of Mexico
Figure 11. Cliona raromicrosclera comb. nov.: cross section of the body close to the surface.
Figure 22 in Taxonomy and description of clionaid sponges (Hadromerida, Clionaidae) from the Pacific Ocean of Mexico
Figure 22. Thoosa mismalolli sp. nov.: different forms of nodulose amphiasters.
Data from: Genetic diversity of the imperiled bath sponge Spongia officinalis Linnaeus, 1759 across the Mediterranean Sea: patterns of population differentiation and implications for taxonomy and conservation
The Mediterranean bath sponge Spongia officinalis is an iconic species with high socio-economic value and imperiled present and future status due to unregulated harvesting, mortality incidents and lack of established knowledge regarding its ecology. This study aims to assess genetic diversity and population structure of the species at different geographic sectors and levels of geographic distance along its distribution. For this purpose, 11 locations in the eastern Mediterranean (Aegean Sea), western Mediterranean (Provence coast), and the Strait of Gibraltar were sampled; specimens were analysed using partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences, along with a set of 8 microsatellite loci. According to our results (i) no genetic differentiation exists among the acknowledged Mediterranean morphotypes and presumably S. officinalis can be viewed as a single, morphologically variable species; (ii) a notable divergence was recorded in the Gibraltar region, indicating the possible existence of a cryptic species; (iii) restriction to gene flow was evidenced between the Aegean Sea and Provence giving two well-defined regional clusters, thus suggesting the existence of a phylogeographic break between the two systems; (iv) low levels of genetic structure, not correlated to geographic distance, were observed inside geographic sectors, implying mechanisms (natural or anthropogenic) that enhance dispersal and gene flow, promoting population connectivity; (v) the genetic diversity of S. officinalis is maintained high in most studied locations despite pressure from harvesting and the influence of devastating epidemics. These findings provide a basis towards the effective conservation and management of the species.
FIGURE 1 in Taxonomy of calcareous sponges (Porifera, Calcarea) from Potiguar Basin, NE Brazil
FIGURE 1. Location of: A— the studied area (Potiguar Basin. Rio Grande do Norte state. Brazil); B—collection sites of calcareous sponges: (1) Guamaré Harbour. (2) Risca das Bicudas; (3) Urca do Minhoto; (4) Urca do Tubarão; (5) station A4; (6); station A19b; (7) station A12; (8) station M7.
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