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37 results for “subterranean spiders”
Figure 3 from: Moradmand M (2017) Three new species of the subterranean huntsman spider genus Spariolenus (Araneae, Sparassidae, Heteropodinae) in Iran. Subterranean Biology 24: 11-25. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.24.20985
Figure 3 - A Habitus of Spariolenus fathpouri sp. n., paratype female, alive in the type locality B Pebdeh Cave, Iran, the type locality, entrance (arrow) C ditto, Pebdeh Cave D Blattidae E dead Bat suffered from fire F Coleopteran beetles.
Figure 1 from: Moradmand M (2017) Three new species of the subterranean huntsman spider genus Spariolenus (Araneae, Sparassidae, Heteropodinae) in Iran. Subterranean Biology 24: 11-25. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.24.20985
Figure 1 - Spariolenus fathpouri sp. n., male holotype, Khuzestan, Pebdeh Cave, Iran (SMF). A–C left palp (A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral) D bulbus, ventral E chelicerae, ventral F eye arrangement, dorsal. Abbreviations: BRB – basal retrolateral bulge, C – conductor, ET – embolus tip, PET – prolateral part of embolus, RET – retrolateral part of embolus, RTA – retrolateral tibial apophysis, SD – sperm duct, T – tegulum. Scale bars: 1 mm (A–C, E, F), 0.5 mm (D).
Figure 5 from: Moradmand M (2017) Three new species of the subterranean huntsman spider genus Spariolenus (Araneae, Sparassidae, Heteropodinae) in Iran. Subterranean Biology 24: 11-25. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.24.20985
Figure 5 - Spariolenus mansourii sp. n., female paratype, Kohgiluyeh and Bouyer-Ahmad Province, Nezel Cave entrance, Iran (ZMUI). A epigynum, ventral B vulva, dorsal C right vulva, lateral. Scale bar: 1 mm.
Figures 1-9 from: Huber BA (2018) Cave-dwelling pholcid spiders (Araneae, Pholcidae): a review. Subterranean Biology 26: 1-18. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.26.26430
Figures 1-9 Main patterns in cave-dwelling pholcid spiders. Numbers in parentheses are usually species numbers (1–8), but cave numbers in (9). 1 Troglomorphic and non-troglomorphic cave-dwelling pholcids; a, eyes normal; b, eyes reduced in size and/or pigment; c, eyes absent 2 Generic assignment of the 86 troglomorphic pholcid species 3 Generic assignment of the 42 'strongly' troglomorphic species 4 Subfamily assignment of the 86 troglomorphic species; S., Smeringopinae; A., Arteminae 5 Known habitat of 473 cave-dwelling pholcids 6 Number of caves known to be inhabited by 298 species known from caves only 7 Geographic distribution of the 86 troglomorphic species 8 Geographic distribution of the 21 eyeless species 9 Number of species found in each of 1000 caves.
Figures 11-16 from: Huber BA (2018) Cave-dwelling pholcid spiders (Araneae, Pholcidae): a review. Subterranean Biology 26: 1-18. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.26.26430
Figures 11-16 Examples of non-troglomorphic and troglomorphic pholcid spiders and their webs. 11–12 Two undescribed species of Uthina from Bali and Sulawesi; note smaller eyes and paler color in cave-dwelling species (12). 13–14 Two undescribed species of Metagonia from Brazil (Pernambuco, Rio Grande do Norte); note evanescent eyes and pale coloration in cave-dwelling species (14). 15–16 'Typical' pholcid web of epigean Metagonia bonaldoa 15 domed sheet with tumble lines above sheet; Brazil, Santa Catarina), and unusual web of cave-dwelling Metagonia potiguar 16 sheet attached to rock surface and many vertical gum-foot lines; Brazil, Rio Grande do Norte). Photos BAH.
Figure 10 from: Huber BA (2018) Cave-dwelling pholcid spiders (Araneae, Pholcidae): a review. Subterranean Biology 26: 1-18. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.26.26430
Figure 10 Geographic distribution of 1000 caves in which native pholcid spider species have been found. Green: non-troglomorphic; red: troglomorphic.
Figure 3 from: Milne MA, Wells E (2018) A new species of spider (Araneae, Linyphiidae, Islandiana) from a southern Indiana cave. Subterranean Biology 26: 19-26. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.26.25605
Figure 3 SEM micrographs of the left palp of Islandiana lewisi sp. n. A Ventral B Medial C Lateral. E = Embolus; ED = Embolic division; EM = Embolic membrane; MP = medial projection of ED; VP = ventral projection of ED; R = radix of ED; SA = suprategular apophysis; ST = subtegulum; T = tegulum; PC = paracymbium.
Figure 2 from: Milne MA, Wells E (2018) A new species of spider (Araneae, Linyphiidae, Islandiana) from a southern Indiana cave. Subterranean Biology 26: 19-26. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.26.25605
Figure 2 Illustrations of Islandiana lewisi sp. n. structures. A Left palp of male, medial view B Left palp of male, lateral view C Epigynum, ventral view D Epigynum, flipped – dorsal view E Tibial apophysis of left palp of male. E = Embolus; R = radix; SA = suprategular apophysis; ST = subtegulum; T = tegulum; PC = paracymbium; S = spermathecae; PS = posterior sclerite.
Figure 4 from: Milne MA, Wells E (2018) A new species of spider (Araneae, Linyphiidae, Islandiana) from a southern Indiana cave. Subterranean Biology 26: 19-26. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.26.25605
Figure 4 SEM micrographs of the epigynum of Islandiana lewisi sp. n. A Epigynum, ventral view B Epigynum, flipped – dorsal view. PS = posterior sclerite.
Figure 1 from: Hesselberg T, Simonsen D (2019) A comparison of morphology and web geometry between hypogean and epigean species of Metellina orb spiders (family Tetragnathidae). Subterranean Biology 32: 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.32.36222
Figure 1 Principal component ordination plots of morphological and web parameters of Metellina merianae (red circle) and Metellina mengei (blue triangle). A Morphological variables (total length, cephalothorax width, patella-tibia length of leg I and leg III). The combined proportion of variance explained by PCA1 and PCA2 was 98%. B Web parameters (number of spirals, number of radii, vertical length of web, horizontal length of web and hub diameter). The combined proportion of variance explained by PCA1 and PCA2 was 78%.
Figure 2 from: Hesselberg T, Simonsen D (2019) A comparison of morphology and web geometry between hypogean and epigean species of Metellina orb spiders (family Tetragnathidae). Subterranean Biology 32: 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.32.36222
Figure 2 Area of webs of Metellina merianae in response to spider size and position in cave. A The number of radii in the web as a function of cephalothorax width of the resident spider. Not significant. B The number of radii in the web as a function of its distance from the cave entrance. Not significant. C The area of the capture spiral as a function of cephalothorax width. Significant. The grey line represents the equation (y = 169x – 81, R2 = 0.31) arising from a simple linear regression. D The area of the capture spiral in the web as a function of its distance from the cave entrance. Not significant.
Figure 4 from: Kunt KBB, Elverici M, Yağmur EA, Özkütük RS (2019) Kut gen. nov., a new troglomorphic spider genus from Turkey (Araneae, Dysderidae). Subterranean Biology 32: 95-109. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.32.46534
Figure 4 Kut dimensis sp. nov. A carapace B chelicerae C prosoma D male palp, retrolateral view E ditto, prolateral view F ditto, nearly anterior view G vulva, dorsal view H ditto, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.5 (D), 0.125 (G).
Figure 1 from: Kunt KBB, Elverici M, Yağmur EA, Özkütük RS (2019) Kut gen. nov., a new troglomorphic spider genus from Turkey (Araneae, Dysderidae). Subterranean Biology 32: 95-109. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.32.46534
Figure 1 Kut troglophilus (Brignoli, 1978) comb. nov. A carapace B chelicerae C prosoma D male palp, retrolateral view E ditto, prolateral view F ditto, nearly retrolateral view G vulva, dorsal view H ditto, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.5 (D), 0.125 (G).
Figure 2 from: Kunt KBB, Elverici M, Yağmur EA, Özkütük RS (2019) Kut gen. nov., a new troglomorphic spider genus from Turkey (Araneae, Dysderidae). Subterranean Biology 32: 95-109. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.32.46534
Figure 2 Kut izmiricus sp. nov. A carapace B chelicerae C prosoma D male palp, retrolateral view E ditto, prolateral view F ditto, nearly prolateral view G vulva, dorsal view H ditto, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.5 (D), 0.125 (G).
Figure 1 from: Milne MA, Wells E (2018) A new species of spider (Araneae, Linyphiidae, Islandiana) from a southern Indiana cave. Subterranean Biology 26: 19-26. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.26.25605
Figure 1 Habitus of Islandiana lewisi sp. n. A female B male.
Figure 5 from: Kunt KBB, Elverici M, Yağmur EA, Özkütük RS (2019) Kut gen. nov., a new troglomorphic spider genus from Turkey (Araneae, Dysderidae). Subterranean Biology 32: 95-109. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.32.46534
Figure 5 Kut gen. nov. distribution in Turkey.
Figure 3 from: Kunt KBB, Elverici M, Yağmur EA, Özkütük RS (2019) Kut gen. nov., a new troglomorphic spider genus from Turkey (Araneae, Dysderidae). Subterranean Biology 32: 95-109. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.32.46534
Figure 3 Kut dimensis sp. nov., female. In situ in the Dim Cave (photograph by M. Elverici).
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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