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Fig. 8 in Unveiling an enigma from the Cerrado: taxonomic revision of two sympatric species of Apostolepis Cope, 1862 (Dipsadidae: Xenodontinae: Elapomorphini) from central Brazil

Fig. 8. Consensus topology of Apostolepis Cope, 1862 BI and ML phylogenetic relationships, support given in Bootstrap (top,> 80) for maximum likelihood inference and Consensus Support (bottom,> 80) for Bayesian inference. Scale bar = molecular distance. Inset photograph: Apostolepis albicollaris Lema, 2002 by Luís Felipe Carvalho de Lima.

Fig. 6. Apostolepis albicollaris Lema, 2002 in Unveiling an enigma from the Cerrado: taxonomic revision of two sympatric species of Apostolepis Cope, 1862 (Dipsadidae: Xenodontinae: Elapomorphini) from central Brazil

Fig. 6. Apostolepis albicollaris Lema, 2002, sexual dimorphism in morphometric (SVL, TL) and meristic (ventrals, subcaudals) characters. Outliers are indicated as circles, A. cerradoensis Lema, 2003 holotype indicated as red star.

Fig. 7 in Unveiling an enigma from the Cerrado: taxonomic revision of two sympatric species of Apostolepis Cope, 1862 (Dipsadidae: Xenodontinae: Elapomorphini) from central Brazil

Fig. 7. Geographic distribution of Apostolepis albicollaris Lema, 2002 in the Cerrado of Central Brazil. A. Total range, with minimum convex polygon representing extent of occurrence. B. Natural habitat remnants and land use and land cover changes (collection 4, MapBiomas 2021) within the range of A. albicollaris. C. Fire frequency between 2005 and 2015 (collection 1, MapBiomas 2021) within the range of A. albicollaris. D. Protected areas (ICMBio 2021) within the range of A. albicollaris.

Fig. 5. Apostolepis albicollaris Lema, 2002 in Unveiling an enigma from the Cerrado: taxonomic revision of two sympatric species of Apostolepis Cope, 1862 (Dipsadidae: Xenodontinae: Elapomorphini) from central Brazil

Fig. 5. Apostolepis albicollaris Lema, 2002, hemipenis. Sulcate and asulcate sides. Drawings: Arthur Tiutenko.

Fig. 4 in Unveiling an enigma from the Cerrado: taxonomic revision of two sympatric species of Apostolepis Cope, 1862 (Dipsadidae: Xenodontinae: Elapomorphini) from central Brazil

Fig. 4. Similar red species of Apostolepis Cope, 1862. A–F. Apostolepis albicollaris Lema, 2002 in life, adult individuals from Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil. G–H. Apostolepis dimidiata (Jan, 1862) in life, adult individual from Laguna Blanca, San Pedro, Paraguay. I–J. Apostolepis quirogai Giraudo & Scrocchi, 1998 in life, adult individual from Misiones, Argentina. Photograph credits: Cyro de Sousa Bernardes (A, C–D), Luís Felipe Carvalho de Lima (E–F), Jean-Paul Brouard (G–H), Amado Martínez (I–J), and Gabriel Horta (B).

Fig. 3. Apostolepis albicollaris Lema, 2002 in Unveiling an enigma from the Cerrado: taxonomic revision of two sympatric species of Apostolepis Cope, 1862 (Dipsadidae: Xenodontinae: Elapomorphini) from central Brazil

Fig. 3. Apostolepis albicollaris Lema, 2002, holotype (MCP 15219) from Minaçu, Goiás, Brazil. Head scalation. Drawings: Arthur Tiutenko.

Fig. 1 in Unveiling an enigma from the Cerrado: taxonomic revision of two sympatric species of Apostolepis Cope, 1862 (Dipsadidae: Xenodontinae: Elapomorphini) from central Brazil

Fig. 1. Degrees of morphological variation in dorsal and ventral view, of Apostolepis Cope, 1862 from the Cerrado. A. Apostolepis albicollaris Lema, 2002, holotype from Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil (MCP 8355). B. Apostolepis albicollaris, specimen from Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil (IBSP 092627). C. Apostolepis cerradoensis Lema, 2003, holotype from Minaçu, Goiás, Brazil (MCP 15219). Notice the varying degrees of ventral melanism polymorphism, ranging from uniformly black, to black and cream, and uniformly cream. Photograph credits: Douglas Sebben (A, C), Rafael P. Benetti (B). Scale bars = 10 mm.

Fig. 2. Apostolepis albicollarisLema, 2002 in Unveiling an enigma from the Cerrado: taxonomic revision of two sympatric species of Apostolepis Cope, 1862 (Dipsadidae: Xenodontinae: Elapomorphini) from central Brazil

Fig. 2. Apostolepis albicollarisLema, 2002, coloration in life and polymorphism. Holotype of A. albicollaris from Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil (MCP 8355) (top). Holotype of Apostolepis cerradoensis Lema, 2003 from Minaçu, Goiás, Brazil (MCP 15219) (bottom). Drawings: Arthur Tiutenko.

The genetic structure and connectivity in two sympatric rodent species with different life histories are similarly affected by land use disturbances

Microsatellite dataset of the wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) and the bank vole (Myodes glareolus). The dataset of the wood mouse is constituted of 194 samples and 7 microsatellite markers: WM_194ind_7STRs.txt The dataset of the bank vole is constituted of 199 samples and 8 microsatellite markers: BV_199ind_8STRs.txt Each locus is encoded in the three-digit format (e.g., 126126) and each column corresponds to a locus specified in the order at the beginning of the file, following the GENEPOP format. Pop indicates the beginning of a new location.   Locus name in WM_194ind_7STRs.txt Locus_1    AS-7-FAM Locus_2    AS-12-PET Locus_3    AS-20-NED Locus_4    AS-34-FAM Locus_5    GTTD9A-PET Locus_6    AS-11-VIC Locus_7    MS-AF-8-NED   Locus name in BV_199ind_8STRs.txt Locus_1    Cg13B8-F_FAM Locus_2    Cg6A1-F_VIC Locus_3    Cg3F12-F_PET Locus_4    Cg13H9-F_PET Locus_5    Cg2E2-F_VIC Locus_6    Cg3E10-F_FAM Locus_7    Cg2A4-F_FAM Locus_8    Cg3A8-F_NED

FIGURE 4 in Body mass divergence in sympatric deer species of Pleistocene Crete (Greece)

FIGURE 4. Diversification of cervid body mass across evolutionary time. The phenogram is a projection of the cervid tree into a space defined by body mass and time. The Candiacervus body masses are based on postcranial elements. Although the Cretan deer lineage diversified for a relatively short time, it achieved a significant size variation. Animal silhouettes from Phylopic.org.

FIGURE 2 in Body mass divergence in sympatric deer species of Pleistocene Crete (Greece)

FIGURE 2. Skeletons and postcranial elements of Cretan deer (a) two composite mounts of dwarf Candiacervus species (AMPG) (b) metatarsals of the six different size classes of the Cretan deer in dorsal view. Roman numbers indicate the size classes of de Vos (1979). Size class I: C. ropalophorus; size class II: C. devosi, C. listeri, and C. reumeri; size class III: C. cretensis; size class IV: C. rethymnensis; size class V: C. dorothensis; size class VI: C. major. Note that size class II includes three species, which cannot be distinguished on postcranial elements alone. AMPG (sizes I– IV) and MPUR (sizes V–VI).

FIGURE 1 in Body mass divergence in sympatric deer species of Pleistocene Crete (Greece)

FIGURE 1. Location map of the island of Crete and geographical position and views of Liko, Gerani and Bate caves.

FIGURE 3 in Body mass divergence in sympatric deer species of Pleistocene Crete (Greece)

FIGURE 3. Distribution of the calculated body sizes for each postcranial element. The body mass bins are arranged in 5 kg increments.

FIGURE 6 in Body mass divergence in sympatric deer species of Pleistocene Crete (Greece)

FIGURE 6. Body masses of living and fossil deer. The bars represent the body mass of each species. Similar shades of green unify congeneric taxa. Asterisks indicate insular taxa. The Candiacervus body masses are based on postcranial elements. The body masses are plotted along the phylogenetic tree of Cervidae (adapted from Carotenuto et al., 2015). Animal silhouettes from Phylopic.org.

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Figure 3 in Pollination and breeding system in two sympatric Fuchsia (Onagraceae) species at the Parque Nacional do Itatiaia (Brazil): Hummingbirds, insects and facultative self-pollination

Figure 3. Importance Value Index (IVI) for the pollinators of Fuchsia campos-portoi, F. regia, and the overall for both species (Total).

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Figure 2. A-D in Pollination and breeding system in two sympatric Fuchsia (Onagraceae) species at the Parque Nacional do Itatiaia (Brazil): Hummingbirds, insects and facultative self-pollination

Figure 2. A-D. Pollinators of F. regia. A and B. Clytolaema rubricauda (Trochilidae) showing large amounts of pollen of F. regia on the throat (B). C and D. Acroceridae flies. E-H. pollinators of F. campos-portoi. E. and F. Stephanoxis lalandi (Trochilidae). Notice the pollen onto the throat (F). G. and H. Bombus brasiliensis (Apidae). Notice the stigmatic surface touching the bee's ventral region (H).

Figure 2 in Use of time-at-temperature data to describe dive behavior in five species of sympatric deep-diving toothed whales

Figure 2. Mean locations of time-at-temperature (TAT) histograms and time-at-depth (TAD) histograms from transmitter tags deployed on each of five species in the Great Bahama Canyon: (a) melon-headed whale (Peponocephala electra, NSPOT = 9, NSPLASH = 4), (b) shortfinned pilot whale (Globicephala macrorhynchus, NSPOT = 12, NSPLASH = 3), (c) sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus, NSPOT=21, NSPLASH = 6), (d) Blainville's beaked whale (Mesoplodon densirostris, NSPOT = 3, NSPLASH = 9), and (e) Cuvier's beaked whale (Ziphius cavirostris, NSPOT = 1, NSPLASH = 6). The mean locations were derived by fitting a movement model (Johnson et al. 2008) to smooth and filter irregularly spaced Argos telemetry estimates from SPOT and SPLASH tags, respectively. The study area boundary and U.S. Navy's Atlantic Test and Evaluation Center (AUTEC) are also shown.

Figure 5 in Use of time-at-temperature data to describe dive behavior in five species of sympatric deep-diving toothed whales

Figure 5. Boxplots comparing approximate dive depth distributions derived using time-attemperature (TAT) data from SPOT satellite tags, to time-at-depth (TAD) summaries, generated from directly observed dive depth time series from SPLASH satellite tag deployments on (a) melon-headed whales (Peponocephala electra), (b) short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus), (c) sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus), (d) Blainville's beaked whales (Mesoplodon densirostris), and (e) Cuvier's beaked whales (Ziphius cavirostris). Mean of bottom depths (MBD) at the continuous time correlated random walk (CTCRW) maximum likelihood estimated locations of TAT histograms are shown on each plot.

Figure 4 in Use of time-at-temperature data to describe dive behavior in five species of sympatric deep-diving toothed whales

Figure 4. Illustrating three representations of 8.5 d time series of melon-headed whale (Peponocephala electra, (a–c), and sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus, (d–f) time-at-temperature (TAT) histograms. Column 1 shows the median and variability in the proportion of time spent in 12 depth/temperature strata in a box-plot representation. Column 2 shows a time series representation with a fixed depth scale and variable box dimensions representing the local estimated depths of TAT strata. Column 3 shows the same data in an analogous representation, but with a depth scale that indicates the study-area-wide central tendency of isotherm depths and internal box dimensions that remain fixed.

Figure 3 in Use of time-at-temperature data to describe dive behavior in five species of sympatric deep-diving toothed whales

Figure 3. Prediction surfaces of the (a) linearly approximated depth observations and estimated mean depth field of three example isotherms (8°C, 14°C, and 20°C), that were predicted using five interpolation methods: (b) 0.5° grid cell mean, (c) HYCOM reanalysis, (d) quadratic linear model, (e) objective analysis based on the quadratic linear model, and (f) generalized additive model. The color scale in each panel represents a 250 m range centered on median observed depth of each displayed isotherm, thus the relatively muted color contrast in the 20°C series of plots reflects the lower total variability in isotherm depth at this temperature level when compared with the 8°C and 14°C series of plots.