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93 results for “tendencies”
Tendencies and challenges in worldwide research on PROBIOTICS
<p>We include several tables on research in probiotics, including the number of funded and unfunded published articles and the number of citations during the period under study (2009-2018); 1829 different journals; thematic areas of the journals in which the works were published; countries of publication and key words.</p>
Monsoonal wet season influences the migration tendency of a catadromous fish (barramundi Lates calcarifer)
<ol> <li>Many animals exhibit partial migration, which occurs when populations contain coexisting contingents of migratory and resident individuals. This individual-level variation in migration behaviour may drive differences in growth, age at maturity, and survival. Therefore, partial migration is widely considered to play a key role in shaping population demography.</li> <li>Otolith chemistry and microstructural analysis were used to identify the environmental and individual-specific factors that influence migratory behaviour in the facultatively catadromous barramundi (<em>Lates calcarifer</em>) at two distinct life history stages: firstly, as juveniles migrating upstream into fresh water; and secondly, as adults or sub-adults returning to the estuarine/marine spawning habitat.</li> <li>Monsoonal climate played an important role in determining the migration propensity of juveniles: individuals born in the driest year examined (weak monsoon) were more than twice as likely to undergo migration to freshwater than those born in the wettest (strong monsoon) year. In contrast, the ontogenetic timing of return migrations to the estuary by adults and sub-adults was highly variable and not strongly associated with the environmental parameters examined.</li> <li>We propose that scarce resources within saline natal habitats during lower rainfall years may provide an ecological incentive for juveniles to migrate upstream, whereas more abundant resources in higher rainfall years may promote resident life histories within estuaries.</li> <li>We conclude that inter-annual climatic variation, here evidenced by monsoonal strength, likely plays an important role in driving the persistence of diversified life-histories within wild barramundi populations. </li> </ol>
Triple Vulnerability? Circadian Tendency, Sleep Deprivation and Adolescence
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01828320. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Monsoonal wet season influences the migration tendency of a catadromous fish (barramundi Lates calcarifer)
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Mesocosm experiments reveal the loss of migratory tendencies in a recently isolated population of three-spined sticklebacks
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Hump-shaped relationship between aggregation tendency and body size within fish populations
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Data from: Historical contingency, niche conservatism and the tendency for some taxa to be more diverse towards the poles
Aim We test the ability of the biotic exchange across the Bering land-bridge coupled to niche conservatism to explain current day mammalian diversity gradients. Location the Holarctic Taxon mammals Methods We compared the diversity within clades that participated in the exchange (colonizers), whose ancestors withstood the Beringian cold temperatures, with that within clades that did not participate (sedentaries). We contrasted biogeographical patterns, tested the ability of environmental models to predict species richness of colonizers and sedentaries across continents and, compared richness-climate relationships between colonizers and sedentaries controlling for phylogenetic effects. Results We find that assemblages of colonizers are more diverse towards higher latitudes, opposing the traditional latitudinal diversity gradient which is followed by sedentaries. Despite the long passage of time since this major dispersal event, we find that the geographic distribution of colonizers is more strongly correlated to the distributions of other colonizers inhabiting a different continent than to the distribution of sedentary species. Main conclusions Our results highlight the importance of historical migrations and dispersal in configuring present-day diversity gradients. We also suggest that colonizers may be particularly vulnerable to future climate change because of the predicted disproportionate decrease in climate space in the extra-tropical realm where they are currently most diverse.
Conference Proceedings of The First International Scientific-Practical Conference- "Modern Tendencies of Dialogue in Multidenominational Society: philosophical, religious, legal view"
<p>Scientific conference</p>
Data from: Revealing kleptoparasitic and predatory tendencies in an African mammal community using camera traps: a comparison of spatiotemporal approaches
Camera trap data are increasingly being used to characterise relationships between the spatiotemporal activity patterns of sympatric mammal species, often with a view to inferring inter-specific interactions. In this context, we attempted to characterise the kleptoparasitic and predatory tendencies of spotted hyaenas Crocuta crocuta and lions Panthera leo from photographic data collected across 54 camera trap stations and two dry seasons in Tanzania's Ruaha National Park. We applied four different methods of quantifying spatiotemporal associations, including one strictly temporal approach (activity pattern overlap), one strictly spatial approach (co-occupancy modelling), and two spatiotemporal approaches (co-detection modelling and temporal spacing at shared camera trap sites). We expected a kleptoparasitic relationship between spotted hyaenas and lions to result in a positive spatiotemporal association, and further hypothesised that the association between lions and their favourite prey in Ruaha, the giraffe Giraffa camelopardalis and the zebra Equus quagga, would be stronger than those observed with non-preferred prey species (the impala Aepyceros melampus and the dikdik Madoqua kirkii). Only approaches incorporating both the temporal and spatial components of camera trap data resulted in significant associative patterns. The latter were particularly sensitive to the temporal resolution chosen to define species detections (i.e. occasion length), and only revealed a significant positive association between lion on spotted hyaena detections, as well as a tendency for both species to follow each other at camera trap sites, during the dry season of 2013, but not that of 2014. In both seasons, observed spatiotemporal associations between lions and each of the four herbivore species considered provided no convincing or consistent indications of any predatory preferences. Our study suggests that, when making inferences on inter-specific interactions from camera trap data, due regards should be given to the potential behavioural and methodological processes underlying observed spatiotemporal patterns.
Acoustic feedback tendency in hearing aids for different types and couplings in relation to insertion gain
<p>To make signals audible again for hearing impaired people, hearing aids pick up the sounds with a microphone amplify them and play them back in the ear canal. Parts of the amplified output signal return to the microphone by an acoustic pathway. Depending on the selected amplification, this can result in 'critical feedback', which limits the maximum possible amplification of hearing aids. <br>The Insertion-Gain-Related Feedback Path (IFP) was introduced to characterize the acoustic feedback path. It describes the frequency-dependent gain that a hearing aid can provide until a critical feedback condition becomes possible. In addition to the feedback signal, the IFP also takes the Real Ear Unaided Gain (REUG), the Microphone Location Effect (MLE) and the hearing aid transmission to the eardrum into account. Technical measurements were used in this work, including the use of hearing aid dummies and probe microphones. This was used to determine the IFPs in 28 test subjects' ears. This data is freely available.</p>
Comparison of behavioural tendencies between 'dangerous dogs' and other domestic dog breeds – evolutionary context and practical implications
<p>Aggressive behaviour by dogs is a considerable social problem, but the ability to predict which individuals may have increased aggressive tendencies is very limited, restricting the development of efficient preventive measures. There is a common perception that certain breeds are more likely to exhibit aggressive behaviour, which has contributed to the introduction of breed-specific legislation. The rationale for such legislation explicitly assumes high heritability of this trait while also implying relatively little variation within breeds; these assumptions are largely untested. We compared behavioural tendencies between 8 breeds that are subject to legislation in at least one country and 17 breeds that are not subject to legislation using two validated psychometric tools: the Dog Impulsivity Assessment Scale (DIAS), which scores elements of impulsivity, including a tendency for aggressive behaviour, and Positive and Negative Activation Scale (PANAS), which scores sensitivity to positive and negative stimuli (which may trigger aggressive responses). We found that the two groups of breeds do not differ significantly in the specific DIAS factor relating to aggressive behaviour, "Aggression Threshold and Response to Novelty", or any other DIAS and PANAS factors. We found large variation in all behavioural tendencies measured by both psychometric scales within both groups and within each breed studied. Taken together, our findings indicate that breed alone is not a reliable predictor of individual behavioural tendencies, including those related to aggression, and therefore breed-specific legislation is unlikely to be an effective instrument for reducing risk.</p>
Data from: Ancestral reconstruction of reproductive traits shows no tendency toward terrestriality in Leptodactyline frogs
Background:Traditionally, the evolution of terrestrial reproduction in anurans from ancestors that bred in water has been accepted in the literature. Still, the existence of intermediate stages of water dependency, such as species that lay eggs close to water (e.g., in burrows) instead of in bodies of water, supports the hypothesis of an ordered and gradual evolution in the direction of a more terrestrial form of reproduction. However, this conventional view has recently been challenged for some anurans groups. Leptodactylinae frogs are a remarkable example of anurans with an outstanding diversity in terms of reproductive features, with distinct water dependency among lineages. Here, we tested the hypothesis of a gradual and ordered tendency towards terrestriality in Leptodactylinae, including the existence of obligatory intermediate stages, such as semi-terrestrial reproductive strategies. We also addressed the association between reproductive modes and the morphological and ecological features. Results: An ancestral reconstruction analysis indicated that even though shifts from aquatic to terrestrial breeding occurred throughout the history of Leptodactylus and Adenomera, shifts from terrestrial to aquatic reproduction happened at almost the same frequency. Our results also demonstrated that reproductive modes for semi-terrestrial tadpoles were not necessarily an intermediate form between aquatic and terrestrial breeds. Correlations among reproductive modes and other life-history traits suggested that tadpole environment, clutch size, nuptial spines, and egg pigmentation were co-evolving and driven by water dependency. Conclusions: Our results found no evidence of evolutionary tendencies toward terrestriality in Leptodactylinae. We found reversals from terrestrial to aquatic tadpole development and no evidence of obligatory intermediate stages, such as semi-terrestrial reproductive strategies. We also found correlations between reproductive modes and other life-history traits driven by water dependence. Aquatic reproductive modes are associated with higher clutch sizes, lentic waters, and the presence of nuptial spines and egg pigmentation.
Effect of Ezetimibe on Platelet Aggregation and LDL Tendency to Peroxidation
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00466401. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 12.
Action Tendencies and Prognosis in Major Depressive Disorder
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04593537. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 8.
The Effects of Sımulatıon Used in Vagınal Chıldbırth on Malpractıce Tendency And Perceptıons of Care Behavıors
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04656574. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 9.
Investigation of the Mechanisms of the Tendency to Hypothermia in Newborns and Premature Neonates
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06803069. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 6.
Influence of Oxytocin on Approach-avoidance Tendencies to Social and Non-social Stimuli
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04443647. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
The Difference of Weight Gain Tendencies and Obesity During Pregnancy
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06540014. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
The Effects of Group Social Work Intervention on Children's Emotional Intelligence, Emotion Regulation Skills and Empathy Tendencies
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07273786. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
The Effect of Creative Drama Education's Effects Tendencies and Emotion Management Skills
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06505785. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.